JKSSB Foreman 2025 Solved Question Paper

Question 1

Soil erosion by rainfall starts with

Accepted Answer

Option B: Splash erosion. Water erosion progresses sequentially in distinct stages: (1) Splash erosion (detachment of soil particles caused directly by the kinetic impact of falling raindrops), (2) Sheet erosion (uniform removal of thin layers of soil by surface runoff), (3) Rill erosion (formation of small, distinct channels), (4) Gully erosion, and (5) Stream bank erosion. Hence, rainfall erosion starts with splash erosion.

Question 2

Which one of the following is NOT a factor affecting soil erosion?

Accepted Answer

Option C: Population. In the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE: $A = R \cdot K \cdot LS \cdot C \cdot P$), the primary physical factors governing water erosion are Climate/Rainfall erosivity ($R$), Soil erodibility ($K$), Topography/Slope ($LS$), Vegetation cover ($C$), and Conservation support practices ($P$). Population is a demographic/socioeconomic parameter, not a direct physical factor governing soil detachment and transport mechanics.

Question 3

Which of the following area is suitable for the construction of contour bunds?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Low rainfall and high infiltration rate. Contour bunds are earthen embankments constructed along contour lines in areas having low annual rainfall (< 600 mm to 750 mm) and high soil infiltration rates (permeable soils). This allows runoff water to be impounded behind the bunds and safely infiltrate into the root zone without causing waterlogging or breaching. In heavy rainfall areas, graded bunds are used instead.

Question 4

Runoff coefficient in rational formula implies

Accepted Answer

Option B: Ratio of runoff to the rainfall. In the Rational Formula ($Q_p = \frac{C \cdot I \cdot A}{360}$), $C$ represents the dimensionless runoff coefficient. It is defined as the ratio of the peak runoff rate (or runoff depth) to the rainfall rate (or total rainfall): $C = \frac{	ext{Runoff}}{	ext{Rainfall}}$.

Question 5

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by holding soil particles together
ii. Vegetation reduces soil erosion by reducing raindrop impact
iii. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by decreasing infiltration rate
Choose the Correct Option:

Accepted Answer

Option C: i and ii. Statement i is correct because extensive plant root networks bind soil particles together mechanically. Statement ii is correct because plant canopies intercept falling raindrops, dissipating their kinetic energy. Statement iii is incorrect because vegetation increases (not decreases) soil infiltration rates by creating root channels/macropores and improving organic matter content.

Question 6

Rational formula is used for the estimation of

Accepted Answer

Option D: Runoff rate. The Rational Formula ($Q_p = \frac{C I A}{360}$) is the standard hydrological empirical formula widely used to estimate the peak runoff rate ($Q_p$ in $	ext{m}^3/	ext{s}$) from small agricultural and urban watersheds (area $< 50	ext{ km}^2$).

Question 7

Brush dam is a

Accepted Answer

Option B: Temporary gully control structure. Gully control structures are classified into temporary structures and permanent structures. Temporary structures include brushwood dams (single post or double post brush dams), loose rock dams, and woven wire dams, which stabilize gully channels until protective vegetation is established. Permanent structures include drop spillways and chute spillways.

Question 8

The area that contributes all of its runoff water to a common point is known as

Accepted Answer

Option B: Watershed. A watershed (also called a drainage basin or catchment area) is defined as a topographically delineated geographical area in which all surface water runoff drains through a single common outlet or point into a stream, river, lake, or reservoir.

Question 9

When slope of a land is increased four times the erosive capacity of flowing water is

Accepted Answer

Option B: Increased four times. According to principles of soil conservation hydraulics: (1) Velocity of runoff is proportional to the square root of slope ($v \propto S^{1/2}$); if slope increases 4 times, velocity is doubled ($2	imes$). (2) The erosive power / erosive capacity of flowing water varies as the square of velocity ($v^2 \propto S$), so doubling velocity increases erosive capacity by 4 times ($2^2 = 4$). (Note: carrying capacity varies as $v^5 = 32	imes$, and size of particles pushed varies as $v^6 = 64	imes$). Hence, erosive capacity increases four times.

Question 10

The method of collecting surface runoff from a small catchment area and storing it in the root zone of an adjacent infiltration basin is known as

Accepted Answer

Option D: Micro-catchment water harvesting. Micro-catchment water harvesting (in-situ rainwater harvesting) involves collecting overland surface runoff from a short catchment slope (< 1000 $	ext{m}^2$) and directing it immediately to an adjacent cropped planting basin or infiltration pit where it is stored directly in the crop root zone.

Question 11

The maximum flood flow that could be passed without damage or serious threat to the stability of hydraulic structures is known as.

Accepted Answer

Option D: Design flood. Design Flood is the instantaneous maximum peak flood discharge that a hydraulic structure (such as a spillway, weir, culvert, or dam) is designed to safely pass without structural damage, overtopping, or failure.

Question 12

Size of the soil particles that can be transported by wind in saltation

Accepted Answer

Option B: 0.1 - 0.5 mm. Wind erosion transports particles via three distinct physical modes: (1) Suspension: very fine particles (< 0.1 mm) carried aloft in the atmosphere, (2) Saltation: medium-sized soil grains between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm that bounce in short leaps along the surface (representing 50% to 75% of total wind erosion), (3) Surface creep: larger particles (0.5 mm to 1.0 mm or 2.0 mm) rolled along the surface.

Question 13

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. The transporting power of wind depends on its velocity
ii. The transporting power of wind depends on the shape of the particle.
iii. The transporting power of wind depends on the RH of the environment
Choose the Correct Option:

Accepted Answer

Option A: i and ii. Statement i is correct because aerodynamic drag and kinetic transport capacity vary with the cube of wind velocity ($v^3$). Statement ii is correct because particle shape directly governs its aerodynamic drag coefficient, settling velocity, and aerodynamic lift. Statement iii is incorrect because relative humidity (RH) in the atmosphere does not govern the dynamic fluid transport capacity of wind in motion. Thus, statements i and ii are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Remote sensing is the technique of collecting data about Earth's surface using aerial or satellite sensors.
ii. Geographic Information Systems is a computer-based tool for capturing, analysing, and presenting spatial data.
Options:

Accepted Answer

Option C: Both i and ii. Statement i correctly defines Remote Sensing (RS): obtaining reliable information about objects or the Earth's surface from a distance using electromagnetic radiation sensors aboard aircraft or satellites. Statement ii correctly defines Geographic Information System (GIS): a computerized system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographically referenced (spatial) data. Both statements are correct.

Question 15

The practice of growing field crops in narrow strips across the slope, with alternate strips of erosion resisting and permitting crops is known as

Accepted Answer

Option D: Strip cropping. Strip cropping is an agronomic/biological soil conservation practice where crops are grown in narrow strips across the slope, alternating strips of erosion-permitting row crops (e.g., maize, sorghum) with close-growing, erosion-resisting legume/grass crops (e.g., pulses, clover).

Question 16

Which of the following is a permanent gully control structure?

Accepted Answer

Option B: Drop spillway. Drop spillway is a rigid, permanent weir structure constructed of reinforced concrete, masonry, or steel at the head or gradient of a gully to safely lower runoff water without channel degradation. Woven wire dams and loose rock dams are temporary structures.

Question 17

Shape of the gully formed where both the topsoil and subsoil have the same resistance against erosion is

Accepted Answer

Option B: V shape. V-shaped gullies are formed when both the topsoil and subsoil exhibit similar resistance to water erosion; downcutting occurs at a uniform rate along the channel bed and side slopes. In contrast, U-shaped gullies develop where the subsoil is easily erodible compared to a more resistant topsoil layer, causing undercutting and vertical bank collapse.

Question 18

The stage in which vegetation starts growing in the gully is known as

Accepted Answer

Option C: Healing stage. According to Ireland et al., gully development proceeds through four stages: Stage 1 (Formation - downward scour), Stage 2 (Development - headward erosion and rapid deepening), Stage 3 (Healing - natural vegetation begins to establish on the gully bed and sides), Stage 4 (Stabilization - stable slope angle achieved and vegetation fully covers the channel). Hence, vegetation starts in the Healing stage.

Question 19

Which of the following soil conservation structure is suitable for the land having a slope of 6%?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Contour bund. Contour bunding is officially recommended for agricultural lands with gentle slopes up to 6% in semi-arid and permeable soil tracts. For steeper slopes (typically above 16% to 33%), bench terracing is employed. Hence, for a 6% slope, contour bund is the suitable structure.

Question 20

LANDSAT is a satellite series of

Accepted Answer

Option B: USA. Landsat is the world's longest-running continuous civilian Earth-observing satellite program, jointly managed and launched by NASA and the USGS (United States of America), beginning with Landsat 1 in 1972.

Question 21

The total depth of water required for the entire crop period is known as

Accepted Answer

Option D: Delta. In irrigation engineering, Delta ($\Delta$) represents the total depth of water (expressed in cm or meters) required by a crop during its entire base/crop period for full growth and maturity. Duty ($D$) is the area irrigated per unit discharge (ha/cumec), related by $\Delta = \frac{864 B}{D}	ext{ cm}$.

Question 22

Lysimeter is used to find out

Accepted Answer

Option C: Evapotranspiration. A lysimeter is an experimental hydrologic measuring device consisting of a soil-filled tank equipped with weighing/drainage measurement systems, used to directly determine the actual evapotranspiration ($ET$) of crops under field conditions.

Question 23

Crop coefficient is a ratio of

Accepted Answer

Option A: Crop evapotranspiration to the reference crop evapotranspiration. In the FAO Penman-Monteith methodology, the crop coefficient ($K_c$) is defined as the ratio of the actual crop evapotranspiration ($ET_c$) to the standardized reference crop evapotranspiration ($ET_0$): $K_c = \frac{ET_c}{ET_0}$.

Question 24

Which of the following is a positive displacement pump?

Accepted Answer

Option C: Piston pump. Positive displacement pumps physically trap a fixed volume of fluid and force (displace) it into the discharge pipe. Examples include reciprocating piston pumps, plunger pumps, and diaphragm pumps. Jet, propeller, and turbine pumps are dynamic/kinetic pumps (centrifugal/axial flow).

Question 25

Francis' formula is used to the discharge through

Accepted Answer

Option B: Rectangular weir. Francis' formula is used to compute discharge over a rectangular sharp-crested weir taking end contractions into account: $Q = 1.84 (L - 0.1 n H) H^{3/2}$, where $L$ is crest length, $H$ is head, and $n$ is the number of end contractions (usually 2).

Question 26

Which of the following method is used to find out the rate of flow passing a point in a pipe or open channel?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Velocity - area method. The fundamental method used to determine the rate of flow (discharge $Q$) passing a section in an open channel or conduit is the Velocity - Area Method, based on the continuity equation: $Q = A \cdot \bar{V}$, where $A$ is cross-sectional flow area and $\bar{V}$ is mean flow velocity (measured via current meter or floats).

Question 27

The ratio of water delivered to the field to the water diverted from the source is known as

Accepted Answer

Option B: Water conveyance efficiency. Water Conveyance Efficiency ($\eta_c$) is defined as the percentage ratio of the water delivered to the farm field ($W_f$) to the water diverted from the irrigation source/reservoir into the canal system ($W_r$): $\eta_c = \frac{W_f}{W_r} 	imes 100$.

Question 28

Which of the following are correct related to fertigation?
i. Even distribution of nutrients throughout the root zone
ii. Not suited for semi-arid regions
iii. It is very sensitive to clogging
iv. Nutrients are available to plants when and where required
Choose the Correct Option:

Accepted Answer

Option D: i, iii and iv only. Fertigation (injecting soluble fertilizers through irrigation systems, especially drip) achieves uniform nutrient distribution directly in the root zone (i is correct), is highly sensitive to emitter clogging by chemical precipitates (iii is correct), and delivers nutrients directly at crop demand stages (iv is correct). Statement ii is false because fertigation is extraordinarily well-suited for water-scarce semi-arid regions. Hence, i, iii, and iv are correct.

Question 29

Impermeable geological formations which contain water but are not capable of transmitting or supplying a significant quantity of water is known as

Accepted Answer

Option B: Aquiclude. An Aquiclude is a geological formation that is porous and contains water, but possesses very low permeability and is incapable of transmitting a significant yield of water to wells (e.g., clay). An Aquifuge neither contains nor transmits water (e.g., solid granite).

Question 30

Hydrant is a component of

Accepted Answer

Option A: Underground pipeline system. In agricultural pipe network distribution, a Hydrant (riser outlet valve) is an essential component of an Underground Pipeline System. Installed at intervals along buried pipelines, hydrants allow portable surface pipes, gated pipes, or sprinkler laterals to be coupled for releasing pressurized water to the fields.

Question 31

The rate expressed as the depth in centimeters of water drained off from a given area in 24 hours is called

Accepted Answer

Option C: Drainage coefficient. The Drainage Coefficient (DC) is standardly defined in agricultural drainage engineering as the depth of excess water (in cm or inches) that must be removed from a drainage catchment area within a 24-hour period.

Question 32

Which of the following type of drains are used to lower the water table in a low lying area?
i. Interceptor drains
ii. Relief drains
Choose the Correct Option:

Accepted Answer

Option B: ii only. Relief drains are installed in a parallel grid or herringbone layout across flat, low-lying agricultural fields specifically to lower and maintain the groundwater table at a safe depth below the crop root zone. Interceptor drains are placed along hillsides or toes of slopes to cut off lateral seepage before it reaches low ground. Thus, ii only is correct.

Question 33

Which of the following irrigation method is suitable for heavy soils with low infiltration rates?

Accepted Answer

Option D: Check basin irrigation. Check basin irrigation is ideally suited for heavy-textured clayey soils with low infiltration rates because water can be ponded within level bunded basins for the extended duration necessary for water to infiltrate uniformly without causing surface erosion or runoff loss.

Question 34

Consider the following pairs
i. Drip irrigation - 1. Venturi Injector
ii. Sprinkler irrigation - 2. Riser pipe
iii. Centrifugal pump - 3. V notch weir
iv. Fertigation - 4. Impeller
- 5. Lateral pipe
Which of the following gives correctly matched pairs?

Accepted Answer

Option C: i-5, ii-2, iii-4, iv-1. Matching the components: (i) Drip irrigation uses Lateral pipes (5) fitted with emitters, (ii) Sprinkler irrigation uses vertical Riser pipes (2) to elevate sprinkler heads above crop canopy, (iii) Centrifugal pumps rely on a rotating Impeller (4) to impart kinetic energy, (iv) Fertigation employs a Venturi Injector (1) to draw fertilizer solution into the pressurized line. Hence, the correct match is i-5, ii-2, iii-4, iv-1 (Option C).

Question 35

Single auger hole method is used to find out

Accepted Answer

Option A: Hydraulic conductivity. The single auger hole method (developed by Ernst and Hooghoudt) is the standard in-situ field testing procedure used to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity ($K$) of soil below a shallow water table.

Question 36

Surface drainage systems are usually applied in

Accepted Answer

Option D: Flat lands. Surface drainage systems (such as parallel ditch systems, bedding systems, and shallow surface drains) are primarily installed on flat lands (topographic slope < 2%) where surface water tends to pond due to slow overland runoff and low infiltration capacity.

Question 37

Which of the following instrument is used for the measurement of soil moisture content?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Tensiometer. A Tensiometer measures soil matric potential (soil moisture tension), which directly correlates to soil moisture content via the soil water characteristic curve. (A hydrometer measures liquid specific gravity, a hygrometer measures air humidity, and an infiltrometer measures infiltration rate).

Question 38

Water that is held in soil between tension of about 0.33 bars to 31 bars is known as

Accepted Answer

Option C: Capillary water. Soil water is classified into: (1) Gravitational water: held at tension < 0.33 bar (1/3 atm), draining away under gravity; (2) Capillary water: retained in soil capillary pores between field capacity (0.33 bar) and the hygroscopic coefficient (31 bars); (3) Hygroscopic water: held tightly at tension > 31 bars. Hence, water held between 0.33 and 31 bars is Capillary water.

Question 39

The ratio of the volume of water released from storage by a saturated porous medium due to gravity to the total volume of the medium is known as

Accepted Answer

Option A: Specific yield. In hydrogeology, Specific Yield ($S_y$) is defined as the ratio of the volume of water drained by gravity from a saturated rock or soil aquifer ($V_w$) to the total gross volume of the medium ($V_T$): $S_y = \frac{V_w}{V_T}$.

Question 40

Irrigation consists of watering terraced fields by diverting flood flows into them is Known as

Accepted Answer

Option B: Spate irrigation. Spate irrigation (floodwater harvesting) is an ancient, specialized water management practice in arid mountainous environments where seasonal spate flood flows from ephemeral streams or wadis are diverted into bunded terraced fields for crop production.

Question 41

Which of the following is a holding tool in a workshop?

Accepted Answer

Option B: Bench vice. A Bench Vice is a fundamental workshop holding tool used to securely grip and hold workpieces during filing, sawing, chipping, tapping, and assembly. A chisel is a cutting tool, a caliper is a measuring/checking tool, and a rip saw is a cutting tool.

Question 42

Type of welding which uses heavy electric current is called

Accepted Answer

Option A: Resistance welding. Resistance Welding (e.g., spot, seam, and projection welding) utilizes extremely heavy electric currents (typically 1,000 to 100,000 Amperes) at very low voltages to generate heat at the interface of workpieces by Joule heating ($H = I^2 R t$), fusing the parts under mechanical pressure.

Question 43

Which of the following is used to protect the eyes in a smithy workshop?

Accepted Answer

Option C: Goggles. In a smithy/forging workshop, safety Goggles are worn by operators to protect the eyes from flying metal scales, red-hot sparks, and infrared radiant heat. Welding helmets and hand screens are used in electric arc welding to block harmful ultraviolet and intense radiation.

Question 44

Important machine used in a machine shop

Accepted Answer

Option C: Lathe. The Lathe is universally regarded as the 'mother of all machine tools' and is the most important, versatile machine in a machine shop, used for turning, facing, threading, boring, and knurling. (Blowers, anvils, and leg vices belong to the smithy/forging shop).

Question 45

Which of the following is commonly used for welding aluminum?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW, commonly known as TIG welding) using alternating current (AC) is the premier, standard method for welding aluminum. The alternating current provides cathodic cleaning that strips the refractory aluminum oxide layer, while inert argon gas shields the molten puddle from atmospheric contamination.

Question 46

Welding method suitable for industries like aerospace and car manufacturing is called

Accepted Answer

Option B: Electron Beam and Laser Welding. Electron Beam Welding (EBW) and Laser Beam Welding (LBW) deliver extremely high energy density, narrow heat-affected zones (HAZ), deep penetration, and virtually zero thermal distortion, making them standard for high-precision components in aerospace and automotive/car manufacturing.

Question 47

Welding that uses consumable electrode is known as

Accepted Answer

Option C: Submerged Arc Welding. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) both utilize continuously fed consumable metal electrodes. In contrast, Carbon Arc Welding (CAW) and Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) use non-consumable electrodes (carbon/graphite and tungsten respectively). In standard engineering curricula, SAW is the classic heavy consumable-electrode arc process.

Question 48

Component of a lathe that used to support and hold the work piece is called

Accepted Answer

Option B: Chucks. A Chuck is the primary work-holding device mounted directly on the lathe spindle nose, used to rigidly hold and support the workpiece during machining operations. Three-jaw universal chucks and four-jaw independent chucks are the most widely used.

Question 49

Which type of surface is produced by turning operation in lathe machine?

Accepted Answer

Option C: Cylindrical. In plain/straight turning on a lathe machine, the single-point cutting tool traverses parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, removing excess material to generate a true Cylindrical surface. (Facing produces a flat surface, while taper turning produces a conical/tapered surface).

Question 50

The main part of the shaper machine is called

Accepted Answer

Option D: Ram. The Ram is the main reciprocating component of a shaper machine. Supported by guideways on top of the column, the ram carries the tool head and is driven in a reciprocating motion by the quick-return mechanism to perform cutting on the forward stroke.

Question 51

Which of the following are correctly matched?
i. Lathe - Angle plate
ii. Shaper - Cross ways
iii. Drilling Machine - Spindle
Choose the Correct Option:

Accepted Answer

Option D: i, ii and iii. Matching evaluation: (i) Lathe uses an Angle Plate bolted to the faceplate to support irregular jobs (Correct); (ii) Shaper column front features precision vertical/cross-ways along which the cross-rail moves horizontally and vertically (Correct); (iii) Drilling machine incorporates a rotating Spindle that feeds and drives the drill bit (Correct). Hence, all three are correctly matched.

Question 52

The process of enlarging one end of the hole giving it a conical shape using drilling machine is called

Accepted Answer

Option B: Counter sinking. Countersinking is the operation of bevelling or enlarging the entrance of a drilled hole to a conical shape to accommodate the conical head of countersunk screws or rivets so that they sit flush with the surface. (Counterboring enlarges a hole into a cylindrical recess).

Question 53

In which of the following machine the spindle is attached to an arm that can be turned around the column?

Accepted Answer

Option C: Radial drilling machine. In a Radial Drilling Machine, the drilling head housing the spindle is mounted on a heavy radial arm that can be rotated (swung) horizontally through 360° around a rigid vertical cylindrical column, and also raised or lowered, enabling hole drilling at any position on large, heavy workpieces without moving the job.

Question 54

Which part of the milling machine can provide upward and downward movement to the knee and table?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Elevating Screw. The Elevating Screw (vertical jackscrew) located between the base and the knee of a knee-and-column milling machine is rotated (either manually by crank or automatically by power feed) to raise and lower the knee, saddle, and worktable vertically along the column face.

Question 55

The milling operation in which two surfaces are milled simultaneously is known as

Accepted Answer

Option C: Straddle milling. Straddle Milling is the operation of machining two opposite, parallel vertical flat surfaces of a workpiece simultaneously using two side-and-face milling cutters mounted on the same arbor separated by spacing collars. (Gang milling machines three or more surfaces of varying profiles).

Question 56

Maximum power available from an average farm labour is

Accepted Answer

Option B: 0.1 hp. In farm power and ergonomic studies, an average human agricultural labourer working continuously under typical field conditions can sustainably develop approximately 0.1 hp (75 Watts).

Question 57

An engine with a spark plug is

Accepted Answer

Option C: Petrol engine. A Petrol Engine (Spark-Ignition / SI engine) operates on the Otto cycle and utilizes a high-voltage electric spark plug to ignite the compressed homogenous air-fuel mixture. Diesel engines use compression ignition (injectors) without a spark plug.

Question 58

Compression ratio of a diesel engine varies in the range of

Accepted Answer

Option D: 14:1 to 22:1. Diesel engines (Compression Ignition / CI engines) require very high compression to raise the temperature of compressed air above the auto-ignition temperature of diesel fuel. Their compression ratios typically range from 14:1 to 22:1 (compared to 6:1 to 10:1 for petrol engines).

Question 59

Ratio of total cylinder volume to clearance volume is known as

Accepted Answer

Option A: Compression ratio. Thermodynamically, the Compression Ratio ($r$) of an internal combustion engine is defined as the ratio of the total cylinder volume ($V_{total} = V_s + V_c$) when the piston is at Bottom Dead Center (BDC) to the clearance volume ($V_c$) when the piston is at Top Dead Center (TDC): $r = \frac{V_s + V_c}{V_c}$.

Question 60

Power delivered by the engine at the end of the crankshaft is known as

Accepted Answer

Option A: Brake horse power. Brake Horse Power (BHP) is the net, usable mechanical power delivered by the engine at the flywheel/crankshaft output shaft, measured using a brake dynamometer. Indicated Horse Power (IHP) is the gross power developed inside the engine cylinder, and FHP is frictional power loss: $	ext{BHP} = 	ext{IHP} - 	ext{FHP}$.

Question 61

Following statements are regarding the functions of carburetor. Which of them are correct?
i. Carburetor atomize the fuel.
ii. Carburetor mix the air and fuel thoroughly
iii. Carburetor regulate the air- fuel ratio at different speeds and loads on the engine.
Options:

Accepted Answer

Option D: i, ii and iii. A carburetor in a spark-ignition engine performs three primary functions: (i) atomizing the liquid fuel into fine microscopic droplets via venturi suction, (ii) thoroughly mixing fuel vapor with air into a combustible mixture, and (iii) metering and regulating the air-fuel ratio (AFR) across varying engine speeds and load conditions. All three statements are correct.

Question 62

In air cooled engines heat from the working components of the engine is conducted to the atmosphere through

Accepted Answer

Option B: Fins around the cylinder. In air-cooled internal combustion engines (commonly used in motorcycles, small tractors, and power tillers), heat is conducted from the cylinder barrel and head to metallic extended surfaces known as Fins around the cylinder, which dissipate heat to the passing air stream by forced convection.

Question 63

The device used to connect and disconnect the tractor engine from the transmission gears and drive wheels is

Accepted Answer

Option B: Clutch. A Clutch is a mechanical friction mechanism positioned between the engine flywheel and transmission gearbox that enables the tractor operator to smoothly connect (engage) or disconnect (disengage) engine power from the transmission gears and drive wheels when starting, stopping, or shifting gears.

Question 64

Which of the following is a secondary tillage implement?

Accepted Answer

Option A: Disc harrow. Tillage operations are categorized as primary or secondary. Primary tillage implements (mouldboard plough, disc plough, chisel plough, subsoiler) cut and shatter undisturbed compact soil. Secondary tillage implements (disc harrow, spike-tooth harrow, spring-tine cultivator, rotavator) pulverize the soil clods, level the seedbed, and destroy weeds.

Foreman2025

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JKSSB — Foreman (2025)

Soil erosion by rainfall starts with

Which one of the following is NOT a factor affecting soil erosion?

Which of the following area is suitable for the construction of contour bunds?

Runoff coefficient in rational formula implies

Which of the following statements are correct?i. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by holding soil particles togetherii. Vegetation reduces soil erosion by reducing raindrop impactiii. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by decreasing infiltration rateChoose the Correct Option:

Rational formula is used for the estimation of

Brush dam is a

The area that contributes all of its runoff water to a common point is known as

When slope of a land is increased four times the erosive capacity of flowing water is

The method of collecting surface runoff from a small catchment area and storing it in the root zone of an adjacent infiltration basin is known as

The maximum flood flow that could be passed without damage or serious threat to the stability of hydraulic structures is known as.

Size of the soil particles that can be transported by wind in saltation

Which of the following statements are correct?i. The transporting power of wind depends on its velocityii. The transporting power of wind depends on the shape of the particle.iii. The transporting power of wind depends on the RH of the environmentChoose the Correct Option:

Which of the following statements are correct?i. Remote sensing is the technique of collecting data about Earth's surface using aerial or satellite sensors.ii. Geographic Information Systems is a computer-based tool for capturing, analysing, and presenting spatial data.Options:

The practice of growing field crops in narrow strips across the slope, with alternate strips of erosion resisting and permitting crops is known as

Which of the following is a permanent gully control structure?

Shape of the gully formed where both the topsoil and subsoil have the same resistance against erosion is

The stage in which vegetation starts growing in the gully is known as

Which of the following soil conservation structure is suitable for the land having a slope of 6%?

LANDSAT is a satellite series of

The total depth of water required for the entire crop period is known as

Lysimeter is used to find out

Crop coefficient is a ratio of

Which of the following is a positive displacement pump?

Francis' formula is used to the discharge through

Which of the following method is used to find out the rate of flow passing a point in a pipe or open channel?

The ratio of water delivered to the field to the water diverted from the source is known as

Which of the following are correct related to fertigation?i. Even distribution of nutrients throughout the root zoneii. Not suited for semi-arid regionsiii. It is very sensitive to cloggingiv. Nutrients are available to plants when and where requiredChoose the Correct Option:

Impermeable geological formations which contain water but are not capable of transmitting or supplying a significant quantity of water is known as

Hydrant is a component of

The rate expressed as the depth in centimeters of water drained off from a given area in 24 hours is called

Which of the following type of drains are used to lower the water table in a low lying area?i. Interceptor drainsii. Relief drainsChoose the Correct Option:

Which of the following irrigation method is suitable for heavy soils with low infiltration rates?

Consider the following pairsi. Drip irrigation - 1. Venturi Injectorii. Sprinkler irrigation - 2. Riser pipeiii. Centrifugal pump - 3. V notch weiriv. Fertigation - 4. Impeller- 5. Lateral pipeWhich of the following gives correctly matched pairs?

Single auger hole method is used to find out

Surface drainage systems are usually applied in

Which of the following instrument is used for the measurement of soil moisture content?

Water that is held in soil between tension of about 0.33 bars to 31 bars is known as

The ratio of the volume of water released from storage by a saturated porous medium due to gravity to the total volume of the medium is known as

Irrigation consists of watering terraced fields by diverting flood flows into them is Known as

Which of the following is a holding tool in a workshop?

Type of welding which uses heavy electric current is called

Which of the following is used to protect the eyes in a smithy workshop?

Important machine used in a machine shop

Which of the following is commonly used for welding aluminum?

Welding method suitable for industries like aerospace and car manufacturing is called

Welding that uses consumable electrode is known as

Component of a lathe that used to support and hold the work piece is called

Which type of surface is produced by turning operation in lathe machine?

The main part of the shaper machine is called

Which of the following are correctly matched?i. Lathe - Angle plateii. Shaper - Cross waysiii. Drilling Machine - SpindleChoose the Correct Option:

The process of enlarging one end of the hole giving it a conical shape using drilling machine is called

In which of the following machine the spindle is attached to an arm that can be turned around the column?

Which part of the milling machine can provide upward and downward movement to the knee and table?

The milling operation in which two surfaces are milled simultaneously is known as

Maximum power available from an average farm labour is

An engine with a spark plug is

Compression ratio of a diesel engine varies in the range of

Ratio of total cylinder volume to clearance volume is known as

Power delivered by the engine at the end of the crankshaft is known as

Following statements are regarding the functions of carburetor. Which of them are correct?i. Carburetor atomize the fuel.ii. Carburetor mix the air and fuel thoroughlyiii. Carburetor regulate the air- fuel ratio at different speeds and loads on the engine.Options:

In air cooled engines heat from the working components of the engine is conducted to the atmosphere through

The device used to connect and disconnect the tractor engine from the transmission gears and drive wheels is

Which of the following is a secondary tillage implement?

The process of placing seeds in holes made in the seedbed and closing the seed with soil is known as

Which of the following are correctly matched?i. Secondary Tillage Implement - Transplanterii. A farm power source with rotary unit - Power tilleriii. Seed drill - Fluted wheeliv. Weeding - HoeChoose the Correct Option:

Weeding equipment suitable for dry lands

The pesticide solution requirement of a sprayer is 120 l/ha. It belongs to which category?

The component of a sprayer which breaks the fluid in to fine droplet is called

A machine to cut grain crops is known as

Which of them are the functions of a combine harvesteri) Cutting the standing cropsii) Feeding the cut crops with the threshing unitiii) Threshing the cropsiv) Cleaning the grains freeing it from strawChoose the Correct Option:

Swinging knives are used in

Main part of a post hole digger is

Heavy duty machinery meant for initial cutting and filling of land undulations is called

Points to be considered in selecting a farm machineryi. Machinery costii. Performance of the machineiii. Labour savingiv. Operating costChoose the Correct Option:

Which one of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which of the following are the benefits of renewable energy?i. Environmental benefitsii. Sustainabilityiii. Energy securityChoose the Correct Option:

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by holding soil particles together
ii. Vegetation reduces soil erosion by reducing raindrop impact
iii. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by decreasing infiltration rate
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. The transporting power of wind depends on its velocity
ii. The transporting power of wind depends on the shape of the particle.
iii. The transporting power of wind depends on the RH of the environment
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Remote sensing is the technique of collecting data about Earth's surface using aerial or satellite sensors.
ii. Geographic Information Systems is a computer-based tool for capturing, analysing, and presenting spatial data.
Options:

Which of the following are correct related to fertigation?
i. Even distribution of nutrients throughout the root zone
ii. Not suited for semi-arid regions
iii. It is very sensitive to clogging
iv. Nutrients are available to plants when and where required
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following type of drains are used to lower the water table in a low lying area?
i. Interceptor drains
ii. Relief drains
Choose the Correct Option:

Consider the following pairs
i. Drip irrigation - 1. Venturi Injector
ii. Sprinkler irrigation - 2. Riser pipe
iii. Centrifugal pump - 3. V notch weir
iv. Fertigation - 4. Impeller
- 5. Lateral pipe
Which of the following gives correctly matched pairs?

Which of the following are correctly matched?
i. Lathe - Angle plate
ii. Shaper - Cross ways
iii. Drilling Machine - Spindle
Choose the Correct Option:

Following statements are regarding the functions of carburetor. Which of them are correct?
i. Carburetor atomize the fuel.
ii. Carburetor mix the air and fuel thoroughly
iii. Carburetor regulate the air- fuel ratio at different speeds and loads on the engine.
Options:

Which of the following are correctly matched?
i. Secondary Tillage Implement - Transplanter
ii. A farm power source with rotary unit - Power tiller
iii. Seed drill - Fluted wheel
iv. Weeding - Hoe
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of them are the functions of a combine harvester
i) Cutting the standing crops
ii) Feeding the cut crops with the threshing unit
iii) Threshing the crops
iv) Cleaning the grains freeing it from straw
Choose the Correct Option:

Points to be considered in selecting a farm machinery
i. Machinery cost
ii. Performance of the machine
iii. Labour saving
iv. Operating cost
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following are the benefits of renewable energy?
i. Environmental benefits
ii. Sustainability
iii. Energy security
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following are the methods of densification?
i. Briquetting
ii. Pelleting
iii. Extruding
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following are true regarding the selection of electric motors?
i. Type of electrical power available
ii. Size of motor
iii. Starting load
iv. Efficiency
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following are correctly matched?
i. Biomass - Briquet
ii. Fixed dome type - Biogas plant
iii. Wind Energy - Pyranometer
iv. Solar Energy - Anemometer
Choose the Correct Option:

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
i. Aerodynamic property - Cyclone separator
ii. Surface roughness - Inclined drapper
iii. Optical property - Electrostatic cleaning
iv. Size and Shape - Destoner
Choose the Correct Option:

The effectiveness of hand grading depends on
i. Quality of the product
ii. Quantity per inspector
iii. Experience and physical condition of the inspector
iv. The ergonomics during work
Choose the Correct Option:

The effectiveness of sun drying depends upon
i. Temperature
ii. Relative Humidity
iii. Wind speed
Choose the Correct Option: