Question 1

The length of address in IPv6 is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 128 bits. An IPv6 address has a length of 128 bits, providing a vastly larger address space compared to the 32-bit address space of IPv4.

Question 2

Which of the following SQL statements is used to drop a trigger from SQLite?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: DROP TRIGGER. The standard SQL syntax to delete a trigger in SQLite is: `DROP TRIGGER trigger_name;`.

Question 3

What is the general length of the IMEI number?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 15 digits. An IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) number is a unique 15-digit number used to identify 3GPP and iDEN mobile phones.

Question 4

Which among the following characteristics are correct about cyberstalking?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Use of internet or electronics to stalk or harass individual or any group. Cyberstalking is specifically defined as the use of the Internet, email, or other electronic communication devices to stalk or harass another person.

Question 5

What are the means used for stalking by a cyber stalker?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Emails, messages, phone calls air drop etc.. A cyberstalker uses electronic communication channels like emails, direct messages, social media, phone calls, and filesharing/airdrop to harass victims.

Question 6

Digital Signatures authenticates the sender by appending the original message with the _____ digest.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Encrypted message. A digital signature authenticates the sender by signing (encrypting with private key) the message digest, and appending this encrypted digest to the original message.

Question 7

_____ is a popular tool to block social-media websites to track your browsing activities.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Blur. Blur (Abine Blur) is a well-known privacy tool and browser extension designed to block social media trackers, block ads, and mask user details.

Question 8

Part of the social media sites are the various games & third-party applications which helps _____ to get access to your data.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Cyber-criminals. Malicious games and third-party apps on social networks are frequently deployed by cyber-criminals to harvest user profile data and spread malware.

Question 9

Many social media sites and services provide _____ for legitimate account verification.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 2-step verification. Two-step (or two-factor) verification is standardly provided by social media services to authenticate the identity of the legitimate account holder during logins.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a VPN protocol?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: SLIP. SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) is an older encapsulation protocol for serial ports, not a Virtual Private Network (VPN) protocol. PPTP, L2F, and IPSec are VPN tunneling protocols.

Question 11

In public key cryptosystem which is kept as public?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Encryption keys. In a standard public key encryption system (for confidentiality), the encryption key (public key) is published, while the decryption key (private key) is kept secret.

Question 12

AES can decrypt the data in blocks of _____ bits each?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 128. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) has a fixed block size of 128 bits for both encryption and decryption, regardless of the key size (which can be 128, 192, or 256 bits).

Question 13

On which of the following term does AES performs computation?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Bytes. AES is a byte-oriented cipher; it represents blocks internally as a 4x4 matrix of bytes (called the State) and performs mathematical computations on bytes.

Question 14

Typically, _____ can receive application data from any application layer protocol, but the protocol is normally HTTP.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Both A & B. Both SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) reside at the transport/session layer and can secure any application-layer protocol, although HTTP is the most common use case (resulting in HTTPS).

Question 15

One security protocol for the e-mail system is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: PGP. PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is an email encryption protocol that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication. SSL/TLS are general transport protocols, and IPSec operates at the network layer.

Question 16

In an RSA system, if the user chooses both prime number as p=59, q=61, then what is the value of n?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 3599. In the RSA cryptosystem, the modulus n is the product of the two prime numbers: n = p * q = 59 * 61 = 3599.

Question 17

In RSA, phi(n) = _____ in terms of p and q.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: (p-1)*(q-1). In RSA, Euler's totient function phi(n) represents the number of positive integers up to n that are relatively prime to n, and is computed as phi(n) = (p - 1) * (q - 1).

Question 18

What is data encryption standard (DES)?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Block cipher. DES (Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher that processes plaintext data in fixed-size blocks of 64 bits.

Question 19

In asymmetric key cryptography, the private key is kept by

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Receiver. In asymmetric (public key) cryptography, the public key is shared widely, while the corresponding private key must be kept secret exclusively by the receiver to decrypt messages.

Question 20

PDU stands for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Protocol data unit. PDU stands for Protocol Data Unit, which represents a single unit of information transmitted among peer entities of a computer network (e.g. segments in TCP, packets in IP, frames in Ethernet).

Question 21

SSL provides

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: All the above. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) provides confidentiality (via symmetric encryption), integrity (via Message Authentication Codes/HMAC), and also supports data compression.

Question 22

Which of the following explains the nature of Cookies?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Transient. In standard computer network contexts, cookies are described as transient (temporary) because session cookies expire when the browser is closed, and even persistent cookies have a set expiration time.

Question 23

VMWare Workstation is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Virtualization Application. VMWare Workstation is a Type-2 hypervisor, which runs as a virtualization software application on top of a host operating system.

Question 24

Which of the following is another name for a system virtual machine?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Hardware Virtual Machine. A system virtual machine simulates a complete hardware platform to execute an entire guest operating system. Hence, it is also called a Hardware Virtual Machine.

Question 25

Message _____ means that the data must arrive at the receiver exactly as sent.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Integrity. Message integrity ensures that the transmitted data remains unaltered, accurate, and complete during transit from the sender to the receiver.

Question 26

Which of the following is a Boolean cookie attribute?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Secure. 'Secure' is a Boolean attribute (flag) for cookies. When set, it restricts the transmission of the cookie to secure (HTTPS) connections only.

Question 27

Convert the given binary notation IP address to dotted-decimal notation: 10000000 00001011 00000011 00011111

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 128.11.3.31. Converting each 8-bit binary octet to decimal: 10000000 = 128, 00001011 = 11, 00000011 = 3, 00011111 = 31. Thus, the address is 128.11.3.31.

Question 28

Blowfish encrypts blocks of plaintext which have size

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 64 bits. Blowfish is a symmetric block cipher designed by Bruce Schneier that encrypts data in fixed-size blocks of 64 bits.

Question 29

Identify the service which is used to translate a domain name to IP address.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: DNS. DNS (Domain Name System) is the hierarchical and decentralized naming system used to resolve human-readable hostnames into numeric IP addresses.

Question 30

Identify the command which is used to create Linux File systems.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: mkfs. The `mkfs` (make filesystem) command in Linux is used to build a specific filesystem (like ext4) on a partition or storage device.

Question 31

LILO stands for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Linux loader. LILO stands for Linux Loader, which was the standard, simple boot loader used for Linux systems before GRUB became popular.

Question 32

Which of the following commands is used to display and create files?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: cat. The `cat` command (short for concatenate) in Unix-like systems is commonly used to display file content, merge files, or create new files using redirection operators (e.g. `cat > file.txt`).

Question 33

Which Linux command is used to see all the hidden files?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: ls-a. In Linux, running `ls -a` (list all) displays all files and directories in the directory, including hidden files (those starting with a dot).

Question 34

ECC stands for _____ in public key cryptography

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Elliptic curve cryptography. ECC stands for Elliptic Curve Cryptography, an approach to public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields, offering smaller keys with equivalent security to RSA.

Question 35

Identify among the following which is mainly used to host web site.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Web server. A web server is a software and hardware system designed to store, process, and deliver website pages to clients over the HTTP/HTTPS protocols.

Question 36

Abbreviation of DNS is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Domain Name System. DNS stands for Domain Name System, which translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into machine-readable IP addresses.

Question 37

HTTPS is stand for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, which is HTTP layered over TLS or SSL to provide encrypted, authenticated network communication.

Question 38

What is the length of the IPv4 address?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 32 bits. An IPv4 address is composed of 32 bits, typically represented in dotted-decimal format (four 8-bit octets separated by decimals).

Question 39

The arrangement where all data pass through a central computer is known as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Star topology. In a Star topology, all network nodes are connected to a central hub, switch, or computer, through which all data transmissions must pass.

Question 40

Choose among the following which is a bit-oriented protocol.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: HDLC. HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control) is a bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol. SSL, HTTP, and HTTPS are character/byte-oriented application/transport protocols.

Question 41

What is a proxy server also known as?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Application-level gateway. An application-level gateway (or application proxy) acts as a proxy server to filter incoming/outgoing traffic at the application layer of the OSI model.

Question 42

What is routing algorithm used by OSPF routing protocol?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Link state. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a Link-State routing protocol that uses the link-state routing algorithm (Dijkstra's SPF algorithm) to find the shortest path.

Question 43

What is the subnetwork address for a host with the IP address 200.10.5.68/28?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 200.10.5.64. A /28 prefix corresponds to subnet mask 255.255.255.240. Binary bitwise AND of host octet 68 (01000100) and mask 240 (11110000) gives 64 (01000000). Thus, the subnet address is 200.10.5.64.

Question 44

To test the IP stack on your local host, which IP address would you ping?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 127.0.0.1. The IP address 127.0.0.1 is the standard loopback address reserved to test the TCP/IP protocol stack on the local host.

Question 45

IANA stands for

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. IANA stands for Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, a standard standards body responsible for global coordination of IP addressing, DNS root zone management, and protocol symbols.

Question 46

The subnet mask for a particular network is 255.255.31.0. Which of the following pairs of IP addresses could belong to this network?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 128.8.129.43 & 128.8.161.55. With subnet mask 255.255.31.0, bitwise ANDing of 129 (10000001) and 31 (00011111) gives 1, and 161 (10100001) and 31 gives 1. Thus, both 128.8.129.43 and 128.8.161.55 share the same subnet prefix (128.8.1.0).

Question 47

Which firewall remembers the information about the previously passed packets?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Stateful firewalls. Stateful firewalls monitor and keep track of the state of active network connections (using a state table) to filter incoming and outgoing packets based on connection history.

Question 48

Network layer firewall works as a

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Packet filter. A network layer firewall filters traffic based on network packet headers (IP addresses, protocol type, ports), functioning primarily as a packet filter.

Question 49

The security device which installed between two networks (internal network to outside network) for controlling the flow of traffic into and out of network is known as

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Firewall. A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies.

Question 50

The IEEE 802.11 defines basic service set as a building block of wireless

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: LAN. The Basic Service Set (BSS) is the fundamental building block of an IEEE 802.11 wireless Local Area Network (LAN).

Question 51

Which one is the natural mask for a class C Network?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 255.255.255.0. The natural (default) subnet mask for Class C network ranges is 255.255.255.0 (/24 prefix length).

Question 52

If the systems use different protocols, which one of the following devices is used to link two systems?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Gateway. A Gateway is a network device used to connect two systems that use different protocols, performing translation/conversion between them at all layers of the OSI model.

Question 53

What is the standard form of SNMP?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Simple Network Management Protocol. SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol, a standard Internet protocol used to collect, organize, and manage information from managed devices on IP networks.

Question 54

A subnet has been assigned a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. What is the maximum number of hosts that can belong to this subnet?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 62. The subnet mask 255.255.255.192 leaves 6 bits for the host ID (32 - 26 = 6 bits). The maximum number of assignable hosts is 2^6 - 2 = 62 (excluding network and broadcast addresses).

Question 55

Provenance in digital forensics is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: The origin of the evidence. Provenance in digital forensics refers to the origin, source, history, or custody chain of digital evidence to verify its authenticity and trace its history.

Question 56

Number of cables required connect 'n' device using Mesh Topology is

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: n(n-1)/2. In a fully connected mesh topology containing n devices, each device connects to n-1 other devices. The total number of simplex/physical links is n * (n - 1) / 2.

Question 57

Which of the following is a necessary part of the IPv6 datagram?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Base header. The base header is a mandatory, fixed-size 40-byte header that must be present in every IPv6 datagram, whereas extension headers are optional.

Question 58

FTP uses port number _____ for control connection.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: 21. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) uses TCP port 21 to establish and manage control connections (sending commands), while port 20 is used for data transfer.

Question 59

Which of the following is not an operating system?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Oracle. Oracle is a multinational technology corporation known primarily for its Database Management System (DBMS), not an operating system. Linux, DOS, and Windows are OS.

Question 60

How many digits of the Data Network Identification Code (DNIC) identify the country?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: First three digits. A DNIC is a 4-digit number. The first three digits represent the Country Code (Data Country Code - DCC), and the fourth digit specifies the data network within that country.

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT true with respect to a transparent bridge and a router?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: A bridge uses IP addresses while a router uses MAC addresses. The statement in Option B is reversed: a bridge works at Layer 2 and uses MAC addresses, whereas a router works at Layer 3 and uses IP addresses. Therefore, Option B is NOT true.

Question 62

Which of the below is a popular victim of cyber attackers looking to gain the IP address of a target or victim user?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Websites. Websites are common tools used by attackers to log visitor connections. By redirecting victims to a specific web server, attackers can easily capture and inspect the victim's source IP address in server access logs.

Question 63

What is a single entrance for multiple connectivity's called?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Directory service. A directory service (like Active Directory) is a single, centralized database system that acts as a single point of entry to manage and connect multiple network services and users.

Question 64

_____ are piece of programs or scripts that allow hackers to take control over any system.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is: Exploits. Exploits are code, scripts, or programs written by hackers that take advantage of specific software or hardware vulnerabilities to compromise and gain unauthorized control over a target system.

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