J&K General KnowledgeGeneral Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&K

Tourism, Heritage Sites, Forts & Monuments of J&K

Cultural heritage, historical monuments, architectural landmarks (Martand Sun Temple, Avantipur Ruins, Pari Mahal, Hari Parbat Fort, Bahu Fort, Mubarak Mandi Palace), Mughal Gardens of Srinagar, UNESCO creative cities, and pilgrimage tourism circuits (Mata Vaishno Devi, Shri Amarnath Cave, Hazratbal Shrine, Shankaracharya).

SOLVED MCQS
204
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📝 Solved Questions on Tourism, Heritage Sites, Forts & Monuments of J&K (204)

Start Timed Test (204 Qs)Self-Paced Practice
1📚General Knowledge with special ref to J&K UTGeography
Which hill is the Vaishno Devi Mandir located on?
Explanation
Vaishno Devi Mandir is a holy Hindu temple situated on the Trikuta Hills in Katra, Jammu and Kashmir.
ویشنو دیوی مندر جموں و کشمیر کے کٹرا میں واقع تریکوٹہ (Trikuta) پہاڑیوں پر واقع ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
2📚DNA Profiling & PCR TechniquesForensic Entomology
The first effort at determining the PMI with the help of entomology in the 1850s was done by studying insect succession and life cycle. Who was the scientist behind this?
Explanation
In 1855, French physician Louis Bergeret d'Arbois was the first to apply insect succession to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI) of a mummified infant's remains.
1850 کی دہائی میں کیڑوں کے دورِ حیات کے ذریعے موت کے وقت (PMI) کا اندازہ لگانے کی سب سے پہلی کوشش فرانسیسی سائنسدان لوئس برجیریٹ (Louis Bergeret) نے کی تھی۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
3📚General Knowledge & Forensic BiologyForensic Law
In 1993, the U. S. Supreme court set forth a nonexclusive checklist for trial courts to use in assessing the reliability of scientific expert testimony, such as standards and controls, testing, peer review, error rate etc. What was this admissibility standard named?
Explanation
The Daubert standard (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1993) established that the trial judge acts as a gatekeeper to determine the admissibility of scientific expert testimony using a set of criteria.
1993 میں امریکی عدالت نے سائنسی گواہی کی معتبریت جانچنے کے لیے معیار مقرر کیا جسے ڈوبرٹ ٹیسٹ (Daubert test) یا ڈوبرٹ اسٹینڈرڈ کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)
4📚Inorganic ChemistryClassification
Select the one which is different from the other three responses.
Explanation
Konark, Madurai, and Khajuraho are famous primarily for their temple structures, whereas Ellora is renowned for its rock-cut cave monuments spanning multiple religions.
کونارک، مدورائی اور کھجوراہو بنیادی طور پر اپنے مندروں کے لیے مشہور ہیں، جبکہ ایلورا (Ellora) اپنے غاروں (rock-cut caves) کے لیے مشہور ہے۔
2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department
5📚Physical ChemistryJ&K Culture
The folk dance of Kashmir in which two groups of ladies facing each other with arms locked around one another's backs sing alternately.
Explanation
Rouf is a traditional folk dance of Kashmir performed by women. Two rows of women face each other, link arms around each other's backs, and dance back and forth while singing folk songs.
روف (Rouf) کشمیر کا ایک روایتی لوک رقص ہے جس میں خواتین کی دو قطاریں ایک دوسرے کے پیچھے ہاتھ رکھ کر رقص کرتی اور باری باری گاتی ہیں۔
2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department
6📚Physical ChemistryJ&K History & Monuments
Shalimar bagh was built by which Mughal emperor?
Explanation
Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar, J&K, was built by Mughal Emperor Jahangir for his wife Nur Jahan in 1619.
سرینگر کا مشہور شالیمار باغ مغل بادشاہ جہانگیر نے 1619 میں اپنی ملکہ نورجہاں کے لیے تعمیر کروایا تھا۔
2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department
7📚General EnglishArticles
Sarah was excited to visit _____ Eiffel Tower during her trip to Paris.
Explanation
'The' is used before unique geographical monuments (the Eiffel Tower). Names of cities (Paris) do not take an article.
منفرد جغرافیائی یادگاروں (Eiffel Tower) سے پہلے 'the' استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ شہروں کے ناموں (Paris) سے پہلے کوئی آرٹیکل نہیں لگتا۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)
8📚General EnglishHomophones
Choose the correct homophone to complete the sentence.

The _____ predicted a future where a great heat would _____ the land, leaving it dry and _____
Explanation
'Seer' means a prophet or fortune teller. 'Sear' means to burn or wither. 'Sere' means dry or withered. The correct order is: seer, sear, sere.
'Seer' کا مطلب ہے غیب دان/پیشگوئی کرنے والا۔ 'Sear' کا مطلب ہے جلانا۔ 'Sere' کا مطلب ہے خشک/مرجھایا ہوا سن۔ صحیح ترتیب ہے: seer, sear, sere۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)
9📚General EnglishAnalogy
Select the related word from the given options:

Audacity: Fortitude :: Enviousness: ?
Explanation
'Audacity' and 'Fortitude' are related traits of boldness/strength. 'Enviousness' (jealousy) is closely related in trait to 'Spite' (desire to harm/ill will).
'Audacity' اور 'Fortitude' بہادری کی خصوصیات ہیں۔ 'Enviousness' (حسد) کی خصوصیت 'Spite' (بغض/کینہ) سے ملتی جلتی ہے۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)
10📚General Knowledge & AwarenessHistory
Match the following historical details of Jammu and Kashmir:

- i) Founder of Dogra Dynasty: 1) 1846
- ii) Last ruler of Dev Dynasty: 2) 1632
- iii) Chashme Shahi garden was built: 3) Jit Singh
- iv) Year of Treaty of Lahore: 4) Gulab Singh
Explanation
Maharaja Gulab Singh was the founder of the Dogra dynasty (i-4). Jit Singh was the last ruler of the Dev dynasty of Jammu (ii-3). Chashme Shahi garden was built in 1632 (iii-2). The Treaty of Lahore was signed in 1846 (iv-1). This matches i-4, ii-3, iii-2, iv-1.
مہاراجہ گلاب سنگھ ڈوگرا خاندان کے بانی تھے (i-4)، جیت سنگھ دیو خاندان کے آخری حکمران تھے (ii-3)، چشمہ شاہی باغ 1632 میں تعمیر ہوا (iii-2)، اور معاہدہ لاہور 1846 میں ہوا (iv-1)۔
2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)
11📚🔭 SciencePlaces & Administration
Match the following tourist/cultural titles of J&K with their correct districts:

P. Chhota Kashi - Samba
Q. Land of Devika - Udhampur
R. District of Lakes - Ganderbal
S. Land of Springs - Anantnag
Explanation
Chhota Kashi refers to Purmandal (Samba - iii), Land of Devika is Udhampur (i), District of Lakes is Ganderbal (ii), and Land of Springs is Anantnag (iv). This matches option A.
درست جوڑ درج ذیل ہیں: چھوٹا کاشی - سانبہ (iii)، دیویکا کی سرزمیں - ادھم پور (i)، جھیلوں کا ضلع - گاندربل (ii)، چشموں کی سرزمیں - اننت ناگ (iv)۔ یہ آپشن A ہے۔
2023JKSSBInformation Technology Department
12📚Surveying & LevellingStairs
The pitch of stair should never exceed
Explanation
For user comfort and safety, the slope or pitch of a stair should be kept between 25° and 40°. It should never be steeper than 40° and never flatter than 25°.
سیڑھیوں کے چڑھنے کا زاویہ یا پچ (pitch) 25° اور 40° کے درمیان ہونی چاہیے۔ سیڑھی کا زاویہ کبھی بھی 40° سے زیادہ نہیں ہونا چاہیے کیونکہ یہ چڑھنے میں دشواری پیدا کرے گا۔
2023JKSSBJal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
13📚Estimating, Costing & ValuationStairs
In any good staircase, the maximum and minimum pitch respectively should be
Explanation
The pitch (slope) of a comfortable and safe building staircase should lie within the range of 25° (minimum) to 40° (maximum).
کسی بھی اچھی اور آرام دہ سیڑھی کا جھکاؤ (pitch) افقی سطح سے کم از کم 25° اور زیادہ سے زیادہ 40° کے درمیان ہونا چاہیے۔
2023JKSSBJal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department
14📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KGeography of J&K
In which district of Jammu and Kashmir is the holy shrine of Vaishno Devi located?
Explanation
The holy cave shrine of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi is located in the Trikuta Mountains in the Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir.
2024JKSSBRevenue Department
15📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KHistory of J&K
Which Mughal Emperor built the famous Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar, Kashmir?
Explanation
Shalimar Bagh was built by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir for his wife Nur Jahan in 1619. It is the largest Mughal garden in the Kashmir Valley.
2024JKSSBRevenue Department
16📚General EnglishIndian History
Who wrote the famous book 'The Discovery of India' during his imprisonment?
Explanation
The Discovery of India was written by Jawaharlal Nehru during his imprisonment at Ahmednagar Fort from 1942 to 1945.
2024JKSSBRevenue Department
17📚General EnglishTourism in J&K
Which picturesque tourist destination in Jammu and Kashmir is known as the 'Meadow of Gold'?
Explanation
Sonamarg is known as the 'Meadow of Gold' due to the golden-yellow flowers that bloom in summer and the sunlit snow-capped peaks surrounding it.
2024JKSSBRevenue Department
18📚🛡️ Disaster ManagementDisaster Management Framework in India
Which of the following ministries serves as the central node for coordinating disaster management efforts for all natural disasters, with the exception of drought?
Explanation
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal ministry at the national level for coordinating disaster management and relief for all natural disasters (floods, cyclones, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides), with the sole exception of drought which is coordinated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
خشک سالی (Drought) کے علاوہ تمام قدرتی آفات کے انتظام کے لیے وزارت داخلہ (MHA) مرکزی نوڈل وزارت ہے۔
2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department
19📚Occupational Health, Safety & InstrumentationSocio-Cultural Impact Assessment
When a cultural site comes under the impact line of a proposed project, the matter is relevant to
Explanation
Impacts on archaeological monuments, religious shrines, historical landmarks, and indigenous cultural heritage are evaluated under the Socio-Cultural Index and Heritage Impact Assessment within the socio-economic dimension of EIA.
کسی ثقافتی یا تاریخی مقام پر اثرات کا تعلق سماجی و ثقافتی انڈیکس (Socio-cultural Index) سے ہوتا ہے۔
2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department
20📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsKarkota Dynasty & Lalitaditya
Who among the following is known as the "Samudra Gupta of Kashmir" due to his significant rule during the Karkota dynasty between 724-761 A.D.?
Explanation
King Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty is celebrated as the "Samudragupta of Kashmir" for his extensive military conquests across northern and central Asia and for constructing the magnificent Martand Sun Temple.
کرکوٹا خاندان کے راجہ للتا دتیہ مکتا پیڈ کو اپنی فتوحات کی وجہ سے "کشمیر کا سمدر گپت" کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
21📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsMonuments & Heritage of J&K
In which district is Martand Sun Temple located?
Explanation
The 8th-century Martand Sun Temple, built by King Lalitaditya Muktapida, is located near Mattan in the Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir.
مارٹنڈ سوریا مندر جموں و کشمیر کے ضلع اننت ناگ (مٹن کے قریب) میں واقع ہے۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
22📚🗺️ Geography of Jammu & KashmirPilgrimage & Shrines of J&K
Which district of Jammu and Kashmir is home to the famous Vaishno Devi shrine?
Explanation
The holy cave shrine of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi is located on the Trikuta Mountains in Katra within the Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir.
ماتا ویشنو دیوی کا مشہور مقدس مندر ضلع ریاسی (Reasi) کے تریکوٹا پہاڑوں پر واقع ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
23📚📜 History of Jammu & KashmirHeritage & Monuments of J&K
Which district of Jammu and Kashmir is famous for the Martand Sun Temple?
Explanation
The 8th-century Martand Sun Temple built by King Lalitaditya Muktapida is situated near Mattan in the Anantnag district of Kashmir.
مارٹنڈ سوریا مندر جموں و کشمیر کے ضلع اننت ناگ میں واقع ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
24📚📜 History of Jammu & KashmirMughal Gardens in Kashmir
Which Mughal emperor built the Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar?
Explanation
Mughal Emperor Jahangir built the famous Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar in 1619 for his beloved wife, Empress Noor Jahan.
سری نگر کا شالیمار باغ مغل شہنشاہ جہانگیر نے 1619 میں اپنی ملکہ نور جہاں کے لیے تعمیر کروایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
25📚📊 EconomicsSectors of the Economy
Banking sector comes under which of the following sectors?
Explanation
Banking, insurance, finance, and tourism provide commercial services and are classified under the Tertiary / Service Sector of the economy.
بینکنگ سیکٹر سروس سیکٹر یعنی خدمات کے شعبے (Service sector) کا حصہ ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
26📚⚙️ Engineering MechanicsSimple Lifting Machines
In a lifting machine, an effort of 500 N500\text{ N} is to be moved by a distance of 20 m20\text{ m} to raise a load of 10,000 N10,000\text{ N} by a distance of 0.8 m0.8\text{ m}. Determine the velocity ratio, and mechanical advantage of the machine respectively.
Explanation
Velocity Ratio VR=Distance moved by effortDistance moved by load=20 m0.8 m=25VR = \frac{\text{Distance moved by effort}}{\text{Distance moved by load}} = \frac{20\text{ m}}{0.8\text{ m}} = 25. Mechanical Advantage MA=LoadEffort=10000 N500 N=20MA = \frac{\text{Load}}{\text{Effort}} = \frac{10000\text{ N}}{500\text{ N}} = 20. Values: 25 and 20.
ویلوسیٹی ریشو VR=20/0.8=25VR = 20/0.8 = 25 اور مکینیکل ایڈوانٹیج MA=10000/500=20MA = 10000/500 = 20 ہے۔
2023JKSSBPublic Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti
27📚General EnglishForeign Travellers & Scholars
Who among the following Arab scholars studied Sanskrit and astronomy for a decade at Varanasi?
Explanation
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni (Alberuni), the polymath who accompanied Mahmud of Ghazni to India, studied Sanskrit language, Hindu scriptures, and Indian astronomy extensively in Varanasi and authored the monumental masterwork 'Kitab al-Hind' (Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind).
ابوریحان البیرونی (Alberuni) نے وارانسی میں سنسکرت اور ہندوستانی فلکیات کا گہرا مطالعہ کیا اور 'کتاب الہند' تصنیف کی۔
2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments
28📚General EnglishHistorical Forts & Architecture in J&K
Hari parbat was built by
Explanation
While the initial outer fortification wall around Hari Parbat in Srinagar was laid down by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1590, the present imposing hilltop fort ramparts were built in 1808 by Afghan Governor Atta Mohammed Khan (Durrani).
سری نگر کا قلعہ ہری پربت افغان گورنر عطا محمد خان (Atta Mohammed Khan) نے 1808 میں مکمل تعمیر کروایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments
29📚Numerical & Reasoning AbilityPilgrimage Sites of J&K
Which famous shrine is located in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and is an important pilgrimage site for Hindus?
Explanation
The holy shrine of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi is located on the Trikuta Hills in Katra, Reasi district, within the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
شری ماتا ویشنو دیوی مندر جموں و کشمیر کے کٹرا (ضلع ریاسی) میں واقع ایک مقدس ترین زیارت گاہ ہے۔
2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments
30📚General EnglishIdioms & Phrases
Read the following paragraph carefully to answer the question:
"Last weekend, my friend and I decided to go for a hike in the mountains. We packed our bags with essentials and started early in the morning. As we were walking, we came across a beautiful stream. The sound of the water was very soothing. My friend said, "This is so peaceful!" I agreed and we sat by the stream for a while. Suddenly, we heard a rustling noise. I turned to my friend and asked, "Did you hear that?" They nodded and said, "Yes, I did. Let's go check it out." When we got up to continue our hike, we saw a steep hill ahead. My friend looked at me and said, "Climbing this hill will be a piece of cake!" I smiled and replied, "Let's do it!" We started climbing, and despite the incline, it was easier than we had expected. Before long, we reached the top and were rewarded with a stunning view of the valley below. "What a beautiful view," I said. We took a moment to appreciate the beauty around us before heading back down."

Question:
Pick out the correct meaning of the given idiom/Phrase:
"a piece of cake"
Explanation
The idiom 'a piece of cake' means something that is very easy, simple, or effortless to do (a facile task).
'A piece of cake' محاورے کا مطلب انتہائی آسان اور سہل کام (A facile task) ہے۔
2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments
31📚Basic EnglishIdioms & Phrases
Select the most appropriate meaning of the idiom (e.g. "A piece of cake"):
Explanation
The standard English idiom denotes an 'Easy task' (a task that is simple and effortless to accomplish).
محاورے کا مطلب آسان اور سہل کام (Easy task) ہے۔
2023JKSSBVarious Departments
32📚General Awareness & ScienceMughal Gardens in Kashmir
The Shalimar Bagh in Jammu and Kashmir was built by
Explanation
Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar was built in 1619 by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir for his beloved wife Nur Jahan.
سری نگر کا مشہور شالیمار باغ 1619 میں مغل شہنشاہ جہانگیر نے اپنی ملکہ نور جہاں کے لیے تعمیر کروایا تھا۔
2023JKSSBVarious Departments
33📚General Awareness & ScienceTourism Icons of Kashmir
A traditional Gondola type lightweight rowing boat ride which is famous of the Dal Lake in Kashmir is referred to as
Explanation
The Shikara is a traditional wooden cultural boat of Kashmir, famously used for scenic rides, floating markets, and transport across Dal Lake and Nigeen Lake in Srinagar.
ڈل جھیل میں روایتی خوبصورت کشتی کی سواری کو شکارا رائیڈ (Shikara ride) کہا جاتا ہے۔
2023JKSSBVarious Departments
34📚General Awareness & ScienceCardiovascular Health: Angina Pectoris
What is the cause of angina?
Explanation
Angina pectoris (chest pain/discomfort) is caused by reduced or insufficient oxygen-rich blood supply to the heart muscle (myocardium) due to narrowed coronary arteries (cardiac ischemia).
انجائنا دل کے پٹھوں تک خون کی ناکافی ترسیل (Insufficient blood reaching heart muscle) کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے۔
2023JKSSBVarious Departments
35📚General Awareness & ScienceDogri Language & Literature
Who is known as "Father of Dogri"?
Explanation
Prof. Ram Nath Shastri is universally revered as the 'Father of Dogri' for his pioneering efforts in founding the Dogri Sanstha in 1944 and securing national recognition for the Dogri language.
پروفیسر رام ناتھ شاستری کو ڈوگری زبان کی ترویج و ترقی کی وجہ سے 'بابائے ڈوگری' کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
36📚General Awareness with special ref to UT of J&KDistricts of Jammu and Kashmir
Which of the following is a district in Jammu and Kashmir Union Territory?
Explanation
Reasi is one of the 20 administrative revenue districts in J&K UT (home to the Mata Vaishno Devi shrine and Chenab Rail Bridge). Kargil is in Ladakh UT; Gulmarg and Pahalgam are tehsils/tourist towns.
ریاسی (Reasi) جموں و کشمیر کا ایک باقاعدہ انتظامی ضلع ہے۔
2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj
37📚General EnglishIdioms & Phrases
Pick the right meaning of the given idiom:
Leave no stone unturned
Explanation
'To leave no stone unturned' means to use every possible means or make every conceivable effort to achieve an objective.
'Leave no stone unturned' کا مطلب ہر ممکن کوشش کرنا (Try everything possible) ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
38📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KHari Parbat Fort (Koh-e-Maran)
________ is also known as Koh-e-Maran lies on the west of Dal Lake in Srinagar.
Explanation
Hari Parbat Fort (the historic citadel hill fortified by Mughal Emperor Akbar and Afghan Governor Atta Mohammad Khan) is also known as Koh-e-Maran.
ہری پربت قلعہ سری نگر میں واقع ہے جسے کوہ ماران (Koh-e-Maran) بھی کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
39📚Mental Ability / ReasoningBlue Economy 2.0 Framework
Which one of the following best describes the term 'Blue Economy 2.0', highlighted in the Union Budget 2024?
Explanation
Blue Economy 2.0 focuses on the sustainable economic utilization, conservation, and regeneration of marine, ocean, and coastal resources, including maritime aquaculture and coastal tourism.
بلیو اکانومی 2.0 کا تعلق سمندروں، ساحلی وسائل اور سمندری معیشت کے پائیدار فروغ سے ہے۔
2024JKSSBFinance Department
40📚General Intelligence & ReasoningPulmonary Lung Volumes: Tidal Volume
The volume of air inspired or expired with each normal resting breath cycle is called
Explanation
Tidal Volume (VTV_T) is the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation without extra effort (approximately 500 mL in healthy adults).
عام سانس لینے میں اندر یا باہر جانے والی ہوا کا حجم ٹائیڈل والیوم (Tidal volume) کہلاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department
41📚Specialisation (Sociology, Social Work & Child Development)Michel Foucault: Discipline and Punish
According to French philosopher Michel Foucault, through which significant concepts evolving over time in the domain of genealogy was 'Civilized Society' institutionalized?
Explanation
Michel Foucault's monumental 1975 philosophical treatise Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (Surveiller et punir) details how disciplinary power, surveillance, and panopticism constructed the modern civilized society.
مائیکل فوکو نے 'ڈسپلن اینڈ پنش' (Discipline and Punish) کے ذریعے جدید معاشرے کے تادیبی نظام کا تجزیہ کیا۔
2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department
42📚Specialisation (Sociology, Social Work & Child Development)Panic Disorder Criteria
Which psychological disorder is characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks followed by persistent apprehension and worry about experiencing further attacks?
Explanation
Panic Disorder is characterized by sudden surges of intense fear/discomfort (panic attacks) accompanied by persistent anticipatory anxiety about having additional attacks.
اچانک خوف کے دورے پڑنا اور مزید دوروں کا مستقل دھڑکا رہنا پینک ڈس آرڈر (Panic disorder) کہلاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department
43📚General EnglishIdioms & Phrases
Pick out the correct meaning of the idiom: A piece of cake
Explanation
'A piece of cake' is an informal English idiom meaning something that is very simple, straightforward, and effortless to achieve (a facile task).
'A piece of cake' کا مطلب ایک نہایت آسان اور سہل کام (A facile task) ہے۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
44📚General Knowledge with special ref to J&KMartand Sun Temple
Which 8th-century Karkota dynasty monarch constructed the grand Martand Sun Temple in Anantnag, Kashmir?
Explanation
Emperor Lalitaditya Muktapida (reigned 724–760 AD) of the Karkota dynasty built the monumental Martand Sun Temple atop the Mattan plateau in Anantnag.
اننت ناگ کا تاریخی مارتنڈ سوریا مندر راجہ للتا دتیہ مکتا پیڈا (Lalitaditya Muktapida) نے بنوایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
45📚General Knowledge with special ref to J&KChandanwari & Amarnath Yatra Route
Which of the following statements about Chandanwari in Jammu and Kashmir is NOT correct?
Explanation
Statement D is NOT correct because the river flowing through Chandanwari is the Sheshnag stream / Lidder River, not the non-existent 'Markhar River'.
بیان D غلط ہے کیونکہ چندن واری میں بہنے والا دریا شیش ناگ/لیڈر ہے نہ کہ مارکھر۔
2024JKSSBVarious Departments
46📚Basic EnglishPrepositional Errors
Spot the error: "I do not understand why in spite of my best efforts to please him, my boss is so angry at me."
Explanation
One is 'angry with' a person (and 'angry at/about' a situation). Hence "angry at me" should be "angry with me".
کسی شخص سے ناراض ہونے کے لیے 'angry with me' درست ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
47📚Basic EnglishSpelling Test
Choose the correctly spelt word:
Explanation
The correct spelling is Assiduous (showing great care, effort, and perseverance).
درست ہجے Assiduous (محنتی) ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
48📚General Awareness & ScienceFather of Dogri: Prof. Ram Nath Shastri
Who is widely revered and celebrated as the "Father of Modern Dogri Literature"?
Explanation
Padma Shri Prof. Ram Nath Shastri (1915–2009), co-founder of the Dogri Sanstha in 1944, is known as the 'Father of Modern Dogri' for his monumental contributions to the language.
پروفیسر رام ناتھ شاستری (Ram Nath Shastri) کو جدید ڈوگری ادب کا بابا آدم مانا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
49📚General Awareness & ScienceMartand Sun Temple Deities
The 8th-century Martand Temple in Anantnag, Kashmir, is dedicated to which deity?
Explanation
'Martand' is another name for the Hindu Sun God (Surya) in Sanskrit, to whom Lalitaditya Muktapida dedicated the monumental temple.
مارتنڈ مندر سورج دیوتا یعنی سن گاڈ (Sun God) کے لیے وقف ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
50📚General Awareness & ScienceState Nicknames: Kerala
Which south Indian state's official tourism slogan and moniker is 'God's Own Country'?
Explanation
Kerala is globally marketed and celebrated as 'God's Own Country' due to its lush tropical greenery, serene backwaters, and biodiversity.
'God's Own Country' ریاست کیرالہ (Kerala) کو کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
51📚General Awareness & ScienceMartand Sun Temple Construction
The monumental 8th-century Martand Sun Temple at Anantnag, Kashmir, was built by:
Explanation
King Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty built the world-renowned Martand Sun Temple in the 8th century CE.
مارتنڈ سن مندر راجہ للتا دتیہ مکتا پیڈا (Lalitaditya) نے بنوایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
52📚Basic EnglishSectors of the Economy
Which of the following economic activities comes under the Tertiary (Services) Sector of the economy?
Explanation
Tourism and hospitality provide intangible consumer services and belong to the Tertiary sector. (Mining is primary, and manufacturing is secondary).
سیاحت (Tourism) معیشت کے تیسرے شعبے یعنی سروسز سیکٹر (Tertiary sector) کا حصہ ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
53📚Basic EnglishKashmiri Festivals: Herath
In the Kashmir Valley, the major religious festival of 'Maha Shivaratri' is traditionally celebrated by Kashmiri Pandits under what indigenous name?
Explanation
Kashmiri Pandits celebrate Shivaratri over a fortnight as 'Herath' (derived from the Sanskrit Hararatri — Night of Hara/Shiva), involving traditional vatuk puja with walnuts.
کشمیر میں مہاشیو راتری کو مقامی طور پر 'ہیراتھ' (Herath) کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
54📚General Awareness & ScienceMartand Sun Temple, Anantnag
The grand 8th-century ruins of the Martand Sun Temple are situated in which district of Jammu & Kashmir?
Explanation
The Martand Sun Temple is situated atop the Mattan plateau in the Anantnag district of South Kashmir.
مارتنڈ سوریا مندر کے تاریخی کھنڈرات ضلع اننت ناگ (Anantnag) میں واقع ہیں۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
55📚General Awareness & ScienceMughal Architecture in Kashmir
Which Mughal Emperor laid out the iconic Shalimar Bagh (1619) and visited the Nishat Bagh on the banks of Dal Lake in Srinagar?
Explanation
Emperor Jahangir laid out Shalimar Bagh in 1619 for his empress Nur Jahan. (Nishat Bagh was built nearby in 1633 by Asif Khan, Nur Jahan's brother, during Jahangir/Shah Jahan's era).
شالیمار باغ مغل شہنشاہ جہانگیر (Jahangir) نے 1619 میں بنوایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
56📚General Awareness & ScienceRajouri Fort (Dhanidhar Fort)
Who built the historic Rajouri Fort (Dhanidhar Fort) at Dhanidhar village in Rajouri?
Explanation
The Dhanidhar Fort (Rajouri Fort) was constructed in 1855 AD by Mian Hathu, the then Dogra Governor of Rajouri under Maharaja Gulab Singh.
دھنی دھر قلعہ (راجوری) 1855 میں میاں ہتھو (Mian Hathu) نے تعمیر کروایا تھا۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
57📚General Awareness & SciencePurmandal Temple: Chhota Kashi
Which historic temple complex situated on the banks of the sacred Devika river in Samba district is known as 'Chhota Kashi'?
Explanation
Purmandal Temple (dedicated to Lord Shiva along the holy underground Devika River) is revered as 'Chhota Kashi' in Jammu.
دریائے دیویکا کے کنارے واقع پورمنڈل مندر (Purmandal) کو 'چھوٹا کاشی' کہا جاتا ہے۔
2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department
58📚General English & ComprehensionMughal Architecture & Gardens of Kashmir
Which of the following is/are famous Mughal gardens in Jammu and Kashmir?
I. Nishat Bagh
II. Shalimar Bagh
III. Achabal Garden

Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Nishat Bagh (built by Asif Khan in 1633), Shalimar Bagh (built by Emperor Jahangir in 1619), and Achabal Garden (laid out by Empress Nur Jahan in Anantnag) are all world-famous Mughal gardens in Kashmir. Hence, I, II, and III are all correct.
निशात बाग, शालीमार बाग और अचबल गार्डन तीनों ही जम्मू और कश्मीर के ऐतिहासिक और विश्व प्रसिद्ध मुगल बाग हैं। अतः I, II और III सही उत्तर है।
2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments
59📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with ref to J&KTourism & Major Lakes of Jammu & Kashmir
Which of the following highlights the economic significance of Dal Lake in Jammu and Kashmir?
Explanation
Dal Lake, known as the 'Jewel in the crown of Kashmir', is the backbone of Srinagar's tourism economy through its iconic shikaras, heritage houseboats, floating vegetable markets, and handicraft trade.
डल झील शिकारा की सवारी, हाउसबोट और पर्यटन के लिए विश्व प्रसिद्ध है, जो कश्मीर की स्थानीय अर्थव्यवस्था और आजीविका में प्रमुख योगदान देती है।
2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments
60🔬General ScienceHistorical Monuments & Forts of J&K
Match the different forts in Jammu & Kashmir with the districts in which they are located:

| Forts | Districts |
| :--- | :--- |
| i) Ramnagar Fort | 1) Srinagar |
| ii) Hari Parbat Fort | 2) Reasi |
| iii) Akhnoor Fort | 3) Jammu |
| iv) Bhimgarh Fort | 4) Udhampur |

Choose the correct answer:
Explanation
i) Ramnagar Fort: Built by Raja Suchet Singh in Udhampur district (4)
ii) Hari Parbat Fort (Durrani Fort): Overlooking Srinagar city (1)
iii) Akhnoor Fort: Located on the banks of Chenab river in Jammu district (3)
iv) Bhimgarh Fort (Reasi Fort): Heritage stone fort in Reasi district (2).
Correct code is i-4, ii-1, iii-3, iv-2.
i) रामनगर किला: उधमपुर (4)
ii) हरि पर्वत किला: श्रीनगर (1)
iii) अखनूर किला: जम्मू (3)
iv) भीमगढ़ किला: रियासी (2)।
सही विकल्प i-4, ii-1, iii-3, iv-2 है।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
61🔬General ScienceReligious Tourism & Pilgrimage Shrines of J&K
Which of the following statements about Amarnath Temple is NOT correct?
Explanation
Statement A is incorrect: The sacred holy cave shrine of Shri Amarnathji is situated at an elevation of approximately 3,888 metres (12,756 feet) above sea level, NOT 7,486 metres (which would exceed most major Himalayan peaks).
कथन A गलत है क्योंकि पवित्र श्री अमरनाथ जी की गुफा समुद्र तल से लगभग 3,888 मीटर (12,756 फीट) की ऊँचाई पर स्थित है, न कि 7,486 मीटर पर।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
62🔬General ScienceMughal Architecture & Gardens of Kashmir
Which Mughal emperor constructed the famous Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar?
Explanation
The iconic Shalimar Bagh (Farah Baksh), known as the 'Crown of Srinagar', was laid out and constructed in 1619 by Mughal Emperor Jahangir for his beloved queen Nur Jahan.
श्रीनगर के विश्व प्रसिद्ध शालीमार बाग (Shalimar Bagh) का निर्माण 1619 में मुगल सम्राट जहांगीर ने अपनी बेगम नूरजहां के लिए करवाया था।
2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments
63📚Psychopathology & Diagnostic Classifications (DSM/ICD)Person-Centered Theory (Carl Rogers)
According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Fully Functioning Person?
Explanation
Comfort with solitude was highlighted by Maslow for self-actualizers, not one of Carl Rogers' primary 5 characteristics of a fully functioning person.
कार्ल रोजर्स के पूर्ण रूप से कार्यशील व्यक्ति के लक्षणों में 'एकांत में आराम' शामिल नहीं है।
2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department
64📚Indian Classical Music: History & EvolutionFairs & Festivals of J&K
Poor Mandal Mela is generally celebrated on which occasion?
Explanation
The famous Purmandal Mela (Chhota Kashi) on the banks of Devika river in Samba/Jammu is celebrated on the auspicious occasion of Maha Shivratri.
पुरमंडल मेला (Purmandal Mela) जम्मू के सांबा जिले में महाशिवरात्रि (Shivratri) के पावन पर्व पर आयोजित किया जाता है।
2025JKSSBDepartment of Culture
65📚Musical Instruments & Vocal TraditionsThree Saptaks (Mandra, Madhya, Taar)
Which of the following notes is most commonly found in the Madhya Saptak?
Explanation
Madhya Saptak is the middle octave where notes have a natural moderate pitch comfortable for human vocalization without extreme highs or lows.
मध्य सप्तक (Madhya Saptak) में मध्यम पिच (Moderate Pitch) वाले प्राकृतिक स्वर पाए जाते हैं।
2025JKSSBDepartment of Culture
66📚Art History, Visual Movements & Perspective DrawingAncient Monuments
The ancient city of Petra, known for its rock - cut architecture, is located in which modern - day country?
Explanation
The rock-cut city of Petra is situated in southwestern Jordan.
पेट्रा की प्रसिद्ध रॉक-कट वास्तुकला जॉर्डन देश में स्थित है।
2025JKSSB
67📚Relief & Round Sculpture, Portraiture & Metal CastingIconic Round Sculptures
Which of the following is an example of a round sculpture?
Explanation
Michelangelo's David is a monumental masterpiece of free-standing sculpture in the round.
माइकलएंजेलो द्वारा निर्मित 'डेविड' की मूर्ति राउंड मूर्तिकला का विश्व प्रसिद्ध उदाहरण है।
2025JKSSB
68📚Relief & Round Sculpture, Portraiture & Metal CastingMetal Sculpture Techniques
Identify the correct statements about the techniques and significance of metal sculptures:

i. Forging involves heating metal and hammering it into shape.
ii. Patina is a naturally occurring layer that forms on metal sculptures over time.
iii. Metal sculptures are limited to small - scale indoor artworks.
iv. Welding is a common technique in assembling large metal sculptures.

Choose the correct options
Explanation
Statements i, ii, and iv are correct. Metal sculptures are widely used for monumental outdoor public monuments.
कथन i, ii और iv सही हैं।
2025JKSSB
69📚History of India & Freedom StruggleNehru Report & Simon Commission
The first effort at drafting a dominion status constitution for India was made in response to the
Explanation
The Nehru Report (1928), drafting a dominion status constitution for India, was formulated by the all-parties committee in response to Lord Birkenhead's challenge following the Simon Commission.
साइमन कमीशन के विरोध और लॉर्ड बर्केनहेड की चुनौती के जवाब में 1928 में नेहरू रिपोर्ट (डोमिनियन स्टेटस संविधान) तैयार की गई थी।
2025JKSSB
70📚Geography, Environment & GK of J&K UTTunnels and Infrastructure in J&K
Which of the following options is the longest all weather road tunnel that has enabled increase in trade and tourism in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir?
Explanation
Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnel (Chenani-Nashri Tunnel on NH-44) spans 9.28 km, making it India's longest bi-directional all-weather road tunnel.
डॉ. श्यामा प्रसाद मुखर्जी टनल (चेनानी-नाशरी टनल - 9.28 किमी) जम्मू और कश्मीर की सबसे लंबी ऑल-वेदर रोड टनल है।
2025JKSSB
71📚Geography, Environment & GK of J&K UTTourism & Culture of J&K
_______, also known as "little Tibet", is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and Buddhist culture.
Explanation
Ladakh is historically and culturally referred to as 'Little Tibet' due to its Tibetan Buddhist traditions and high-altitude trans-Himalayan terrain.
लद्दाख (Ladakh) को 'छोटा तिब्बत' (Little Tibet) के नाम से जाना जाता है।
2025JKSSB
72📚Thermodynamics, Compressors & AC SystemsThermal Comfort & Effective Temperature
A measure of feeling warmth or coolness by the human body in response to the air temperature, moisture content and air motion is called
Explanation
Effective Temperature (ET) is an empirical sensory index combining dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity to evaluate human thermal comfort sensations.
वायु तापमान, आर्द्रता और वायु गति के संयुक्त प्रभाव से मानव शरीर द्वारा अनुभव किए जाने वाले तापमान को प्रभावी तापमान (Effective temperature) कहते हैं।
2025JKSSB
73📚Comfort Conditions, Insulation, Piping & RefrigerantsComfort Design Temperatures
Match List-I (optimum design condition for comfort) with List-II (parameter value) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List -I:
i. Effective temperature for Summer A/C
ii. Effective temperature for Winter A/C
iii. DBT for summer A/C

List-II:
1. 22 (°C)
2. 21.7 (°C)
3. 25 (°C)

Which of the above is/are correct?
Explanation
ASHRAE standard comfort parameters: Summer Effective Temperature ≈21.7∘C\approx 21.7^\circ\text{C} (i-2), Winter Effective Temperature ≈20∘C−22∘C\approx 20^\circ\text{C}-22^\circ\text{C} (ii-1), Summer Design DBT ≈24∘C−25∘C\approx 24^\circ\text{C}-25^\circ\text{C} (iii-3).
i-2, ii-1, iii-3 सही मिलान है।
2025JKSSB
74📚Comfort Conditions, Insulation, Piping & RefrigerantsComfort Air Conditioning
A Comfort Air Conditioning System primarily focuses on:
Explanation
Comfort air conditioning regulates temperature (24∘C±1∘C24^\circ\text{C}\pm 1^\circ\text{C}), relative humidity (50%±5%50\%\pm 5\%), air motion, and air purity specifically for human biological comfort.
कम्फर्ट एयर कंडीशनिंग का मुख्य उद्देश्य मानव आराम के लिए उपयुक्त तापमान और आर्द्रता बनाए रखना (Providing consistent temperature and humidity control) है।
2025JKSSB
75📚Human Anatomy, Physiology & Public Health ProgrammesNational Health Programmes
The National Polio Surveillance Project (NPSP) in India was initiated in which year as part of the global effort to eradicate polio?
Explanation
The Government of India and WHO initiated the National Polio Surveillance Project (NPSP) in 1997 (formal pulse polio campaigns started in 1995).
भारत में राष्ट्रीय पोलियो निगरानी परियोजना और पल्स पोलियो टीकाकरण 1995/1997 में शुरू किया गया था।
2025JKSSB
76📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesAntiquities Legislation in India
Antiquity is defined under
i. The Antiquities and Art Treasures Act
ii. The Treasure Trove Act
iii. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act
iv. The World Heritage Convention
v. The Venice Charter
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Explanation
In Indian statutory legislation, 'Antiquity' (any article/manuscript in existence for ≥100 years\ge 100\text{ years}) is formally defined under Section 2(1)(a) of the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act 1972 and the AMASR Act 1958.
भारतीय कानून में 'पुरावशेष' (Antiquity) को मुख्य रूप से 'पुराशेष और बहुमूल्य कलाकृति अधिनियम 1972' और 'AMASR अधिनियम 1958' (i and iii only) के तहत परिभाषित किया गया है।
2025JKSSB
77📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesMuseums of Jammu and Kashmir
Where is the Dogra Art Museum located?
Explanation
The Dogra Art Museum (housing world-famous Basohli miniature paintings of Rasamanjari) is located at the Mubarak Mandi Palace complex in Jammu City.
डोगरा आर्ट म्यूजियम (Dogra Art Museum) मुबारक मंडी पैलेस, जम्मू में स्थित है।
2025JKSSB
78📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesJ&K Heritage Legislation
What is the primary purpose of the Jammu and Kashmir Ancient Monuments Preservation Act of 1977 (1920 A.D.)?
Explanation
The J&K Ancient Monuments Preservation Act 1977 (Samvat 1977 / 1920 AD) empowers the state to declare, protect, inspect, and preserve historical monuments, heritage structures, and archaeological excavations.
जम्मू और कश्मीर प्राचीन स्मारक संरक्षण अधिनियम 1977 (1920 ई.) का मुख्य उद्देश्य प्राचीन स्मारकों और पुरातात्विक स्थलों का संरक्षण और रखरखाव विनियमित करना है।
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79📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesWorld Heritage Days
When is World Heritage Day celebrated?
Explanation
International Day for Monuments and Sites (World Heritage Day), established by ICOMOS and approved by UNESCO, is celebrated worldwide annually on April 18.
विश्व विरासत दिवस (World Heritage Day) प्रत्येक वर्ष 18 अप्रैल (April 18) को मनाया जाता है।
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80📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesAMASR Act 1958
What is the primary objective of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act of 1958?
Explanation
The AMASR Act 1958 was enacted for the preservation of ancient and historical monuments and archaeological sites of national importance and for the regulation of archaeological excavations.
प्राचीन स्मारक और पुरातत्व स्थल एवं अवशेष अधिनियम 1958 का मुख्य उद्देश्य प्राचीन स्मारकों का संरक्षण, अवैध उत्खनन और विनाश को रोकना (Prevent destruction and illegal trade) है।
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81📚General English & ComprehensionReading Comprehension Inference
What can be inferred from the passage about the role of individuals in combating climate change?
Explanation
The passage emphasizes that 'collective efforts at individual, community, and governmental levels are essential'.
गद्यांश से स्पष्ट है कि व्यक्ति, समुदाय और सरकार के सामूहिक प्रयास (Collective efforts) आवश्यक हैं।
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82📚General Awareness, Geography & Current AffairsHistorical Forts of J&K
Ramnagar Fort, believed to have been built by Raja Suchet Singh is located in which district of J&K?
Explanation
Ramnagar Fort (Sheesh Mahal complex), constructed by Raja Suchet Singh in the 19th century, is located in Udhampur district, Jammu division.
राजा सुचेत सिंह द्वारा निर्मित रामनगर किला 'उधमपुर' (Udhampur) जिले में स्थित है।
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83📚General Mental Ability & Logical ReasoningCoding-Decoding
The word "SPOON" is translated into "TRRSS". Then by the same encoding rules translate the word "FORTH".
Explanation
Positional shift pattern: S(+1)−>T,P(+2)−>R,O(+3)−>R,O(+4)−>S,N(+5)−>SS(+1) -> T, P(+2) -> R, O(+3) -> R, O(+4) -> S, N(+5) -> S. Applying +1,+2,+3,+4,+5+1, +2, +3, +4, +5 to FORTH: F(+1)−>G,O(+2)−>Q,R(+3)−>U,T(+4)−>X,H(+5)−>M/H  ⟹  F(+1) -> G, O(+2) -> Q, R(+3) -> U, T(+4) -> X, H(+5) -> M/H \implies GQUXH.
अक्षरों में +1,+2,+3,+4,+5+1, +2, +3, +4, +5 की वृद्धि: FORTH −>-> GQUXH।
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84📚General Awareness, Indian History & GeographyHistoric Temples of India
Which of the following statements about the famous temples of India is/are correct?
1. Meenakshi Temple (Tamil Nadu) - A historic temple in Madurai, famous for its stunning Dravidian architecture.
2. Sun Temple (Odisha) - A 13th-century temple in Konark, known for its unique chariot- shaped structure.
3. Somnath Temple (Gujarat) - A historic temple known for the annual Rath Yatra (chariot festival).
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is false because the annual Rath Yatra chariot festival takes place at Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha (not Somnath).
कथन 1 और 2 सही हैं। (कथन 3 गलत है क्योंकि रथ यात्रा पुरी के जगन्नाथ मंदिर में होती है, सोमनाथ में नहीं)।
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85📚General Science, Public Hygiene & Special Reference to J&KGeography of Kashmir
The Tulip Garden (Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden) is situated on the foothills of which range?
Explanation
Asia's largest tulip garden, the Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden in Srinagar, is terraced on the foothills of the Zabarwan Mountain Range overlooking Dal Lake.
श्रीनगर का प्रसिद्ध ट्यूलिप गार्डन 'जबरवान पर्वत श्रृंखला' (Zabarwan Range) की तलहटी में स्थित है।
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86📚General Science, Public Hygiene & Special Reference to J&KTemples and Shrines of Jammu
Which ancient temple in Jammu is dedicated to the presiding deity of the region, Goddess Kali?
Explanation
The historic Bawe Wali Mata Temple located inside the Bahu Fort on the banks of the Tawi River is dedicated to Goddess Mahakali, the presiding deity of Jammu.
बाहु किले में स्थित बावे वाली माता का मंदिर (Bahu Fort Temple) जम्मू की अधिष्ठात्री देवी महाकाली को समर्पित है।
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87📚General Awareness, Indian History & GeographyMughal Gardens of Kashmir
Who built Shalimar Bagh in Kashmir?
Explanation
Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar was built in 1619 by Mughal Emperor Jahangir for his beloved wife Empress Nur Jahan.
कश्मीर में प्रसिद्ध शालीमार बाग का निर्माण 1619 में मुगल सम्राट 'जहांगीर' (Jahangir) ने करवाया था।
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88📚Anatomy, Physiology & Exercise KinesiologyExercise Physiology
The concept of second wind relates to:
Explanation
Second wind is a physiological phenomenon during strenuous endurance exercise where breathlessness and distress subside as the cardiorespiratory system adjusts, restoring comfortable Breathing Capacity.
'सेकंड विंड' (Second wind) की घटना फेफड़ों और श्वसन क्षमता (Breathing capacity) के स्थिर स्थिति में समायोजन से संबंधित है।
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89📚Kinesiology, Biomechanics & Training PrinciplesTraining Methodologies (HIIT)
Which training method focuses on improving both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems simultaneously?
Explanation
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) alternates short bursts of near-maximal anaerobic effort with brief aerobic recovery periods, enhancing both aerobic capacity (extVO2extmaxext{VO}_2 ext{ max}) and anaerobic glycolytic power.
HIIT (हाई-इंटेंसिटी इंटरवल ट्रेनिंग) एरोबिक और एनारोबिक दोनों ऊर्जा प्रणालियों को एक साथ विकसित करती है।
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90📚Sports Psychology, Pedagogy & Motor LearningFlow State Psychology
In sports psychology, "flow state" represents:
Explanation
The Flow State (or 'being in the zone', conceptualized by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi) is a state of optimal performance characterized by Complete Mental Absorption, effortless focus, and deep immersion in an activity.
खेल मनोविज्ञान में 'फ्लो स्टेट' (Flow state / In the zone) किसी गतिविधि में पूर्ण मानसिक तल्लीनता और एकाग्रता को दर्शाता है।
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91📚Foundations of Physical Education & Olympic MovementAssessment in PE
Physical education assessment should:
Explanation
Assessment in physical education must Be Comprehensive, evaluating skill execution, conceptual knowledge, effort, sportsmanship, and personal growth.
शारीरिक शिक्षा में मूल्यांकन को सभी पहलुओं (ज्ञान, कौशल, सहभागिता) में 'व्यापक' (Be comprehensive) होना चाहिए।
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92📚Health, Industrial-Organizational & Psychotherapy ModelsWorkplace Motivation Theories
Which theory explains employee motivation through the balance of inputs and outcomes?
Explanation
J. Stacy Adams' Equity Theory posits that workplace motivation depends on an employee's perception of fairness, determined by comparing their ratio of Inputs (effort, skill) to Outcomes (pay, recognition) against relevant referents.
कर्मचारी के इनपुट (प्रयास) और आउटकम (प्रतिफल) के संतुलन द्वारा प्रेरणा को समझाने वाला सिद्धांत 'इक्विटी सिद्धांत' (Equity Theory / न्याय्यता सिद्धांत) है।
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93📚Health, Industrial-Organizational & Psychotherapy ModelsVroom's Expectancy Theory
According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, which factors influence job satisfaction and motivation?
I. Valence: The importance of the reward to the individual.
II. Instrumentality: The belief that performance will lead to rewards.
III. Expectancy: The belief that effort will lead to performance.
IV. Security: The assurance of job stability.
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory of motivation is defined by the formula: Motivation=Expectancy (E)×Instrumentality (I)×Valence (V)\text{Motivation} = \text{Expectancy (E)} \times \text{Instrumentality (I)} \times \text{Valence (V)}. Statements I, II, and III constitute the model. Correct: I, II and III only.
व्रूम के प्रत्याशा सिद्धांत में तीन मुख्य कारक हैं: प्रत्याशा (III), साधनता (II), और संयोजकता/वैलेंस (I)। सही विकल्प B है।
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94📚Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & General AwarenessHistory and Forts of J&K
Hari parbat was built by
Explanation
The present historic Hari Parbat Fort (Durrani Fort / Qila Koh-e-Maran in Srinagar) was constructed in 1808 by Afghan governor Atta Mohammed Khan (the original outer rampart wall was built by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1590).
श्रीनगर का वर्तमान हरि पर्वत किला (Hari Parbat Fort) 1808 में अफगान गवर्नर 'अत्ता मोहम्मद खान' (Atta Mohammed Khan) द्वारा बनवाया गया था।
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95📚Electrical Measurements, Safety, Grounding & Computer ApplicationsWashing Machine Components
What is the purpose of the agitator in a washing machine?
Explanation
The agitator rotates back and forth to create vigorous water turbulence and mechanical friction, dislodging dirt particles from fabric fibers.
वाशिंग मशीन में एजिटेटर (Agitator) का उद्देश्य ड्रम में अशांत गति (Turbulent motion) उत्पन्न करके कपड़ों से गंदगी को हटाना है।
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96📚Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction & AC FundamentalsAC Fundamentals
Which of the following statements is correct regarding alternating current (AC)?
Explanation
In Alternating Current (AC), electric charge carriers (electrons) periodically reverse their direction of motion in a sinusoidal back-and-forth oscillation.
प्रत्यावर्ती धारा (AC) में इलेक्ट्रॉन निरंतर अपनी प्रवाह दिशा को आगे और पीछे बदलते (Alternate their direction of flow) रहते हैं।
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97📚Library Automation, Digital Libraries, Networking & ICT ApplicationsProgramming Languages vs Encodings
Which is not a programming language
Explanation
FORTRAN, BASIC, and COBOL are high-level programming languages; ASCII is a 7-bit character encoding standard, NOT a programming language.
ASCII एक वर्ण एन्कोडिंग कोड है, यह प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा नहीं है।
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98📚Foundations of Library & Information Science and Five LawsNational Missions Launch Years Matching
Match the following with their corresponding year of launching:
Mission:
1) National Mission on Manuscripts
2) National Mission on Libraries
3) National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities
4) National Knowledge Network

Launch Year:
(i) 2003
(ii) 2007
(iii) 2012
(iv) 2010

Codes:
Explanation
1 -> i (National Mission on Manuscripts: February 2003), 2 -> iii (National Mission on Libraries: May 2012), 3 -> ii (National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities: March 2007), 4 -> iv (National Knowledge Network / NKN: 2010). Correct match: 1-i, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-iv.
1-i (पांडुलिपि मिशन - 2003), 2-iii (पुस्तकालय मिशन - 2012), 3-ii (स्मारक मिशन - 2007), 4-iv (राष्ट्रीय ज्ञान नेटवर्क - 2010)। सही विकल्प A है।
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99📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsFSSAI Initiatives Matching
Consider the following pairs:
i. Food Fortification Resource Centre (FFRC)
ii. Food Safety Training and Certification (FoSTaC)
iii. +F Logo
iv. Hygiene Rating Scheme

1) Provides certification for fortified foods meeting nutritional standards
2) Builds capacity by training food handlers on food safety practices
3) Promotes fortified food products to address nutritional deficiencies
4) Rates food establishments based on hygiene and safety standards

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Explanation
i -> 3 (FFRC: promotes fortification to address micro-nutrient malnutrition), ii -> 2 (FoSTaC: training food handlers in food safety), iii -> 1 (+F Logo: certification seal for fortified staple foods), iv -> 4 (Hygiene Rating: star rating for food establishments). Correct match: i-3, ii-2, iii-1, iv-4.
i-3 (FFRC - पोषण सुधार), ii-2 (FoSTaC - खाद्य संचालकों का प्रशिक्षण), iii-1 (+F लोगो - फोर्टिफाइड खाद्य प्रमाणन), iv-4 (हाइजीन रेटिंग - प्रतिष्ठानों की रेटिंग)। सही विकल्प B है।
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100📚Food Chemistry, Nutrition & BiochemistryInfant Nutrition & Weaning
Which of the following is the first food typically introduced to infants as part of complementary feeding?
Explanation
At 6 months of age, complementary feeding begins with single-ingredient, smooth, easily digestible Pureed Vegetables / root purees or iron-fortified single-grain infant cereals (Honey is contraindicated under 1 year due to infant botulism risk).
शिशुओं को 6 महीने पर पूरक आहार (Complementary feeding) के रूप में सबसे पहले 'प्यूरी की हुई सब्जियां' (Pureed vegetables / मसला हुआ आहार) दी जाती हैं।
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101📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTEconomy of J&K
Which sector is the primary contributor to Jammu and Kashmir's economy?
Explanation
The Services Sector (tertiary sector, including tourism, trade, transport, banking, and public administration) is the largest contributor to J&K's Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP), accounting for over 54–56% of the economy.
जम्मू और कश्मीर की अर्थव्यवस्था में सबसे बड़ा योगदानकर्ता 'सेवा क्षेत्र' (Services sector / लगभग 54-56%) है।
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102📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTHistorical Monuments of Jammu
Match the places in Jammu with their corresponding traits:
Places in Jammu:
i) Dogra Art Museum
ii) Amar Mahal Palace
iii) Akhnoor Fort
iv) Bahu Fort

Traits:
1) Two-storeyed palace has courtyard-facing walls decorated with arches and some murals.
2) Has special collection of Basohli paintings.
3) Has eight octagonal towers or turrets connected by thick walls.
4) Built in the nineteenth century by a French architect on the lines of a French Chateau.

Choose the Correct Option:
Explanation
i -> 2 (Dogra Art Museum in Mubarak Mandi: renowned collection of miniature Basohli and Kangra paintings), ii -> 4 (Amar Mahal Palace: designed by a French architect in 1862 resembling a European Chateau), iii -> 1 (Akhnoor Fort on Chenab: two-storeyed palace with murals), iv -> 3 (Bahu Fort: ancient fort with octagonal towers overlooking the Tawi river). Correct match: i-2, ii-4, iii-1, iv-3.
i-2 (डोगरा आर्ट म्यूजियम - बसोहली पेंटिंग्स), ii-4 (अमर महल पैलेस - फ्रेंच शैले शैली), iii-1 (अखनूर किला - दो मंजिला मेहराबदार महल), iv-3 (बाहू किला - अष्टकोणीय बुर्ज)। सही विकल्प B है।
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103📚Mass Communication Theories, Models & EffectsPropaganda History Chronology
Arrange the following historical events in the order they occurred:
i. Establishment of the Ministry of Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda in Nazi Germany.
ii. Use of propaganda by the Allies during WWII.
iii. Cold War propaganda efforts by the US and USSR.
iv. Pope Gregory XV's establishment of the Sacra Congregation de Propaganda Fide.
Choose the correct Answer:
Explanation
Chronological timeline of propaganda history: iv. Pope Gregory XV establishes Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide = 1622 −>-> i. Joseph Goebbels' Nazi Ministry of Propaganda = 1933 −>-> ii. Allied WWII propaganda = 1939–1945 −>-> iii. US/USSR Cold War psychological warfare = 1947–1991. Correct sequence: iv, i, ii, iii.
प्रचार के इतिहास का सही कालानुक्रम: iv. पोप ग्रेगरी XV द्वारा प्रोपेगैंडा का गठन (1622) −>-> i. नाजी प्रचार मंत्रालय (1933) −>-> ii. द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध में मित्र राष्ट्रों का प्रचार (1939-45) −>-> iii. शीत युद्ध प्रचार (1947-91) (iv, i, ii, iii)। सही विकल्प A है।
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104📚Mass Communication Theories, Models & EffectsHistorical Propaganda Methods Matching
Match the following historical events with their associated propaganda techniques:
i. Nazi Germany
ii. Allied efforts during WWII
iii. Cold War

Techniques:
1. Demonising the enemy through films and posters.
2. Subtle censorship and "strategy of truth."
3. Psychological warfare through radio broadcasts.

Which of the following is the correct match?
Explanation
i -> 1 (Nazi Germany: racial demonization and anti-Semitic propaganda films like Der ewige Jude), ii -> 2 (Allied WWII: BBC / US OWI 'Strategy of Truth' factual framing), iii -> 3 (Cold War: covert radio psychological warfare via Radio Liberty / Voice of America). Correct match: i-1, ii-2, iii-3.
i-1 (नाजी जर्मनी - फिल्मों/पोस्टरों द्वारा शत्रु का दानवीकरण), ii-2 (मित्र राष्ट्र - सत्य की रणनीति), iii-3 (शीत युद्ध - रेडियो प्रसारण द्वारा मनोवैज्ञानिक युद्ध)। सही विकल्प A है।
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105📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsNoise Pollution Health Effects
Consider the following statements related to noise pollution:
1. The unpleasant, unwanted and disagreeable sound that causes discomfort for all living beings is called noise pollution.
2. Exposure to noise pollution adversely affects the physiological health of a person and not affects the psychological health of a person.
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Statement 1 is the standard definition of noise pollution. Statement 2 is incorrect because chronic noise pollution severely impairs BOTH physiological health (hypertension, hearing loss, sleep disturbance) AND psychological health (stress, anxiety, cognitive impairment, irritability). Correct: Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect.
कथन 1 सही है और कथन 2 गलत है (ध्वनि प्रदूषण शारीरिक और मानसिक दोनों स्वास्थ्य को गंभीर रूप से प्रभावित करता है)। सही विकल्प A है।
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106📚Sociology, Social Stratification & Social DevelopmentRole and Status (Ralph Linton)
Who has divided role and status into two namely, ascribed and achieved?
Explanation
American anthropologist and sociologist Ralph Linton first formalized the classical distinction between 'Ascribed Status' (assigned at birth by kinship/age/sex) and 'Achieved Status' (attained through individual effort, talent, and merit) in his book The Study of Man (1936).
प्रस्थिति (Status) को 'प्रदत्त' (Ascribed) और 'अर्जित' (Achieved) में विभाजित करने वाले समाजशास्त्री 'राल्फ लिंटन' (Ralph Linton / 1936) हैं।
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107📚Sociology, Social Stratification & Social DevelopmentSociological Classics (Max Weber)
Who, of the following, is the author of the book "Economy and Society"?
Explanation
Max Weber authored the monumental sociological treatise Economy and Society (Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, published posthumously in 1922), outlining his theories of social action, rationalization, authority typologies, and bureaucracy.
प्रसिद्ध पुस्तक 'इकोनॉमी एंड सोसाइटी' (Economy and Society / 1922) के लेखक 'मैक्स वेबर' (Max Weber) हैं।
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108📚Social Work Methods, Criminology & Social PolicyOccupational Health and Safety Policies
Consider the goals of the safety policy of a company, at once designing also the responsibilities and authority for their achievement:
1. Safety of employees and the public at large
2. Efforts to be made to involve all managers, supervisors and employees in the development and implementation of safety procedures.
3. Clearing of all caveats that may tell on keeping the morale of the employees high.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Explanation
An effective Occupational Health and Safety Policy incorporates all three foundational objectives: safeguarding workplace and public safety (1), participatory involvement of leadership and workers across all operational levels (2), and eliminating safety hazards while maintaining organizational morale (3). Correct: 1, 2 and 3.
कंपनी की सुरक्षा नीति के उद्देश्यों में कर्मचारियों व जनता की सुरक्षा (1), सभी प्रबंधकों व कर्मचारियों की भागीदारी (2) और उच्च मनोबल बनाए रखना (3) सभी शामिल हैं (1, 2 and 3)।
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109📚Social Work Methods, Criminology & Social PolicyIndustrial Relations & Employee Relations
'Employee relations' include which of the following?
1. Organisation's efforts to manage relationships between employer and employees.
2. The programs to prevent and resolve problems arising from work situations.
3. Relations between management and trade unions.
4. Organisation's structure of managing rapport between boss and staff.
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Employee Relations (ER / Industrial Relations) encompasses: formal management-worker relationships (1), structured conflict resolution and grievance redressal mechanisms (2), and collective bargaining relations between management and organized Trade Unions (3). Correct: 1, 2 and 3.
कर्मचारी संबंधों (Employee relations) में नियोक्ता-कर्मचारी संबंध (1), कार्यस्थल विवाद समाधान (2) और ट्रेड यूनियनों के साथ संबंध (3) शामिल हैं (1, 2 and 3)। सही विकल्प B है।
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110📚Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis & Counselling PsychologySocial Psychology (Cognitive Dissonance)
Which theory by Leon Festinger focused upon the motivational tendency to reduce the psychological tension caused by conflicting thoughts, beliefs or actions?
Explanation
Leon Festinger formulated Cognitive Dissonance Theory (1957), which posits that experiencing contradictory cognitions, beliefs, or behaviors induces uncomfortable psychological tension (dissonance) that strongly motivates individuals to alter attitudes or rationalize actions.
लियोन फेस्टिंगर का 'संज्ञानात्मक विसंवादिता सिद्धांत' (Cognitive dissonance theory / 1957) परस्पर विरोधी विचारों या विश्वासों से उत्पन्न मानसिक तनाव को कम करने पर केंद्रित है।
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111📚Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis & Counselling PsychologyPersonality Psychology (Locus of Control)
The concept of Locus of Control was introduced by:
Explanation
Julian B. Rotter introduced the personality construct of 'Locus of Control' (1954) within his Social Learning Theory, distinguishing between an Internal Locus (belief that outcomes result from one's own efforts) and an External Locus (belief that outcomes are determined by external chance/fate).
'नियंत्रण का केंद्र' (Locus of Control / आंतरिक व बाह्य) की अवधारणा 'जूलियन रोटर' (Julian Rotter / 1954) ने प्रस्तुत की थी।
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112📚Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis & Counselling PsychologyHealth Psychology (Self-Efficacy)
How are self-efficacy beliefs related to health behaviours?
1. It provides a stable sense of personal competence to manage stressful situations
2. People believe they can maintain the routine of physical exercise
3. Inform others to remind them from time to time to comply with medications
4. Put in constant efforts to engage in preventive health behaviours
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Albert Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory in health psychology demonstrates that high perceived self-efficacy fosters: personal resilience in coping with stressors (1), confidence in sustaining lifestyle/exercise regimens (2), and sustained motivation in preventive health practices (4). Correct: 1, 2 and 4 (Choice D).
स्वास्थ्य व्यवहारों में आत्म-प्रभावकारिता (Self-efficacy) तनाव प्रबंधन (1), नियमित व्यायाम (2) और निवारक स्वास्थ्य आदतों (4) को सुदृढ़ करती है (1, 2 and 4)। सही विकल्प D है।
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113📚Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis & Counselling PsychologyEducational Psychology (Growth Mindset)
According to Carol Dweck's theory, children possessing what type of mindset are more likely to believe that intellectual abilities can be developed through effort, learning, and persistence?
Explanation
Stanford psychologist Carol S. Dweck established that individuals with a 'Growth Mindset' believe that intelligence, skills, and talents can be cultivated and developed through dedication, strategic effort, good mentoring, and persistence (in contrast to a 'Fixed Mindset' which views intelligence as static).
कैरोल ड्वेक के सिद्धांत के अनुसार, जो बच्चे यह मानते हैं कि प्रयास, सीखने और दृढ़ता से बौद्धिक क्षमताओं का विकास किया जा सकता है, वे 'ग्रोथ माइंडसेट' (Growth mindset) रखते हैं।
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114📚Front Office Operations, Hospitality Management & TourismTourism Concepts & Etymology
The word 'tour' is derived from the Latin word:
Explanation
The etymological origin of the word 'tour' and 'tourism' is derived from the Latin word 'Tornus' (and Greek Tornos), meaning a lathe or tool for making a circle, signifying a circular journey returning to the starting point.
'टूर' (Tour) शब्द की उत्पत्ति लैटिन शब्द 'Tornus' से हुई है, जिसका अर्थ एक गोल चक्कर या वृत्ताकार यात्रा होता है।
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115📚Front Office Operations, Hospitality Management & TourismForms of Tourism (Domestic)
The tourism activity of people travelling within their own country is known as:
Explanation
Domestic Tourism comprises the tourism activities of resident visitors traveling exclusively within the geographical boundaries of their own country of residence.
किसी देश के नागरिकों द्वारा अपने ही देश के भीतर की जाने वाली पर्यटन गतिविधि 'घरेलू पर्यटन' (Domestic tourism) कहलाती है।
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116📚Hotel Administration, HRACC Star Classification & TimeshareHRACC Classification Committee
The star classification system in India is done by a central government committee called the:
Explanation
The Hotel and Restaurant Approval and Classification Committee (HRACC), functioning under the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, is the statutory body responsible for inspecting and awarding star ratings to hotels in India.
भारत में होटलों को स्टार वर्गीकरण प्रदान करने वाली केंद्रीय समिति 'HRACC' (होटल एंड रेस्टोरेंट अप्रूवल एंड क्लासिफिकेशन कमेटी) है।
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117📚Hotel Administration, HRACC Star Classification & TimeshareHeritage Hotel Classification
This category covers hotels in residences, havelis, hunting lodges, castles or forts & palaces built between the year 1920-1935:
Explanation
Under Ministry of Tourism guidelines for Heritage Hotels: Heritage Basic (built before 1920), Heritage Classic (palaces, forts, havelis built between 1920 and 1935), and Heritage Grand (built before 1935 possessing exceptional historical/architectural splendor).
1920 से 1935 के बीच बनी हवेलियों, महलों और किलों में संचालित होटलों को 'हेरिटेज क्लासिक' (Heritage classic) श्रेणी में वर्गीकृत किया जाता है।
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118📚Front Office Operations, Hospitality Management & TourismFront Desk Upselling Techniques
A sales technique whereby a guest is offered a more expensive room than what he or she reserved and then persuaded to rent the room based on the room's features, benefits and, his or her needs is:
Explanation
Upselling is the active consultative sales technique where front desk staff offer and persuade a guest to accept a higher-priced superior room category by highlighting its enhanced luxury features and personalized comfort benefits.
आरक्षित कमरे से अधिक महंगे और प्रीमियम कमरे को उसकी विशेषताओं के आधार पर बेचने की तकनीक 'अपसेलिंग' (Upselling) कहलाती है।
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119📚General English & ComprehensionDeterminers & Pronouns
We bought some eggs from the market but unfortunately ....................of them were fresh.
Explanation
When referring to 'not any' of a plural group of objects (eggs), the indefinite pronoun 'none' ('none of them') is grammatically correct.
अंडों के संदर्भ में 'उनमें से कोई भी नहीं' दर्शाने के लिए 'None of them' का प्रयोग होगा। सही विकल्प C है।
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120📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTAncient History (Indus Valley Civilization)
Regarding the Indus Valley Civilization, consider the following statements:
I. It was predominantly a secular civilization and the religious element, though present did not dominate the scene.
II. During this period, cotton was used for manufacturing textiles in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Both statements are historically accurate: Archaeological evidence shows that the Harappan civilization lacked large monumental temples or theocratic rule, maintaining a predominantly secular civic character (I), and Harappans were the earliest people in the world to cultivate cotton and weave textiles, known to Greeks as Sindon (II). Correct: Both I and II.
कथन I और II दोनों सत्य हैं (हड़प्पा सभ्यता मुख्य रूप से धर्मनिरपेक्ष थी जहां धार्मिक तत्व हावी नहीं था और यह कपास का उत्पादन करने वाली पहली सभ्यता थी)। सही विकल्प C है।
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121📚General Awareness & Current Affairs (National & J&K)Geography of J&K (Amarnath Shrine)
Which district of Jammu and Kashmir is famous for the holy Amarnath cave situated at Mount Amarnath?
Explanation
The sacred Amarnath Cave shrine (altitude 3,888 m) is located in the Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir, accessed via Pahalgam or Baltal.
जम्मू और कश्मीर का 'अनंतनाग' (Anantnag) जिला पवित्र अमरनाथ गुफा के लिए प्रसिद्ध है।
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122📚General Awareness & Current Affairs (with J&K UT Special Reference)J&K Geography & Heritage
________ district is famous for the Amarnath cave situated at Mount Amarnath in Jammu and Kashmir?
Explanation
The holy Amarnath Cave shrine is situated in the Lidder Valley of Anantnag district in Jammu and Kashmir, located at an altitude of approximately 3,888 metres.
अमरनाथ गुफा जम्मू और कश्मीर के 'अनंतनाग' (Anantnag) जिले में स्थित है।
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123📚Indian Polity, History & GeographyAgriculture (Green Revolution)
The Green Revolution in India was primarily related to a monumental increase in:
Explanation
The Green Revolution in India (spearheaded by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan in the mid-1960s with semi-dwarf HYV seeds) produced a dramatic surge in Wheat Production (often termed the Wheat Revolution), particularly across Punjab, Haryana, and Western UP.
भारत में हरित क्रांति मुख्य रूप से 'गेहूं के उत्पादन' (Wheat production) में अभूतपूर्व वृद्धि से संबंधित थी।
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124📚General English & Reading ComprehensionIdioms & Phrases
Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom: "Weal and woe"
Explanation
The literary idiom 'weal and woe' refers to the alternating fortunes of life—good times and bad times, or prosperity (weal) and misfortune/sorrow (woe).
'Weal and woe' मुहावरे का अर्थ जीवन के सुख और दुख यानी 'समृद्धि और विपत्ति' (Prosperity and misfortune) होता है।
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125📚Basic Mathematics & Quantitative AptitudeTime, Speed & Distance (Trains)
A train started from station C and proceeded towards station D at a speed of 48 km/hr. Forty-five minutes later another train started from station D and proceeded towards station C at 50 km/hr. If the distance between the two stations is 232 km, at what distance from station C will the trains meet?
Explanation
In 45 minutes (4560=34\frac{45}{60} = \frac{3}{4} hour), the first train covers 48×34=36 km48 \times \frac{3}{4} = 36\text{ km}. Remaining distance between them =232−36=196 km= 232 - 36 = 196\text{ km}. Relative speed when moving towards each other =48+50=98 km/hr= 48 + 50 = 98\text{ km/hr}. Time taken to meet =19698=2 hours= \frac{196}{98} = 2\text{ hours}. In these 2 hours, the first train travels an additional 2×48=96 km2 \times 48 = 96\text{ km}. Total distance from station C where they meet =36+96=132 km= 36 + 96 = 132\text{ km}. Choice C.
45 मिनट में पहली ट्रेन द्वारा तय दूरी =36= 36 किमी। शेष दूरी =232−36=196= 232 - 36 = 196 किमी। मिलने में लगा समय =19648+50=2= \frac{196}{48 + 50} = 2 घंटे। स्टेशन C से कुल दूरी =36+(2×48)=132= 36 + (2 \times 48) = 132 किमी। सही विकल्प C है।
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126📚General EnglishPrepositions
Choose the correct preposition: "Fate smiles ________ those who untiringly grapple with stark realities of life."
Explanation
The figurative idiom is 'fate/fortune smiles on (or upon) someone' (meaning to bestow good fortune or favor). Choice B.
भाग्य मेहरबान होने के संदर्भ में 'Fate smiles on' का प्रयोग किया जाता है। सही विकल्प B है।
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127📚General Awareness, Current Affairs & J&K UT Special ReferenceWorld Heritage Sites
Which ASEAN country is famous for the historic Hindu-Buddhist temple complex of Angkor Wat?
Explanation
Angkor Wat, the largest religious monument in the world built in the 12th century by Khmer King Suryavarman II, is located in Siem Reap, Cambodia.
अंकोरवाट का प्रसिद्ध मंदिर परिसर दक्षिण-पूर्व एशियाई देश 'कंबोडिया' (Cambodia) में स्थित है।
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128📚Ecology, Environmental Science, Conservation & WildlifeForest Management & Conservation
Which of the following statements about forest management and conservation are true?
I. Sustainable forest management includes balancing forest resource extraction with conservation efforts.
II. Deforestation for urban expansion always leads to long-term ecological damage.
III. Reforestation programs can help restore degraded ecosystems and improve biodiversity.
IV. Forestry practices that emphasize monoculture plantations are more beneficial for biodiversity.
Choose the correct statements:
Explanation
Statements I and III are correct: Sustainable forestry balances sustainable yield harvesting with ecological preservation (I), and multi-species ecological reforestation restores soil, watersheds, and biodiversity (III). Statement IV is false because monoculture tree plantations support severely impoverished biodiversity compared to natural forests. Choice A (I, III).
कथन I और III सही हैं (सतत वन प्रबंधन निष्कर्षण और संरक्षण में संतुलन बनाता है और पुनर्वनीकरण जैव विविधता को बहाल करता है; मोनोकल्चर बागान जैव विविधता के लिए हानिकारक होते हैं)। सही विकल्प A है।
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129📚Ecology, Environmental Science, Conservation & WildlifeEcosystem Services Matching
Match the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment categories of ecosystem services with their illustrative real-world examples:
Column - A (Service Type):
1. Provisioning Service
2. Regulating Service
3. Supporting Service
4. Cultural Service

Column - B (Example):
i. Timber, medicinal plants, and clean freshwater production
ii. Climate regulation and Carbon sequestration by forests and wetlands
iii. Soil formation, primary production, and Nutrient cycling
iv. Ecotourism, recreational, spiritual, and aesthetic inspiration

Choose the correct option:
Explanation
1 -> i (Provisioning: direct material goods harvested from nature like food, timber, and fiber), 2 -> ii (Regulating: ecological buffer benefits including carbon capture, flood moderation, and pollination), 3 -> iii (Supporting: underlying biological processes underpinning all other services like nutrient cycling and soil genesis), 4 -> iv (Cultural: non-material educational and recreation benefits). Correct match: 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv (Choice A).
1-i (प्रावधान सेवा - लकड़ी, भोजन और जल), 2-ii (नियामक सेवा - जलवायु नियमन और कार्बन अवशोषण), 3-iii (सहायक सेवा - पोषक चक्र और मृदा निर्माण), 4-iv (सांस्कृतिक सेवा - इकोटूरिज्म और आध्यात्मिक प्रेरणा)। सही विकल्प A है।
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130📚Ecology, Environmental Science, Conservation & WildlifeBiosphere Reserve Zonation
Match the three concentric management zones of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve with their primary characteristics and authorized activities:
Column - A (Zone):
1. Core Zone
2. Buffer Zone
3. Transition Zone
4. Research / Monitoring Site

Column - B (Characteristics):
i. Strictly protected sanctuary where human economic activity is legally prohibited to preserve wildlife
ii. Surrounds core area where controlled research, educational training, and limited ecotourism are permitted
iii. Outermost flexible area where sustainable agricultural practices, settlements, and local livelihoods take place
iv. Designated field plots dedicated to environmental monitoring and ecological experimentation

Choose the correct option:
Explanation
1 -> i (Core Zone: pristine undisturbed sanctuary dedicated purely to conservation), 2 -> ii (Buffer Zone: strictly regulated ring for research, education, and low-impact tourism), 3 -> iii (Transition Zone: human cooperation area for sustainable development and forestry), 4 -> iv (Research sites). Correct match: 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv (Choice A).
1-i (कोर जोन - पूर्णतः संरक्षित क्षेत्र, मानवीय गतिविधियां प्रतिबंधित), 2-ii (बफर जोन - सीमित अनुसंधान और इकोटूरिज्म), 3-iii (संक्रमण जोन - बस्तियां और सतत कृषि), 4-iv (शोध व निगरानी क्षेत्र)। सही विकल्प A है।
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131📚Ecology, Environmental Science, Conservation & WildlifeBiosphere Reserve Management Zones
Consider the following statements regarding the zonation architecture of a Biosphere Reserve:
Assertion (A): The core zone of a biosphere reserve strictly prohibits all human destructive resource extraction and commercial activity.
Reason (R): The buffer zone surrounding the core supports sustainable resource practices, training, environmental education, and scientific research.
Which one of the following options is correct?
Explanation
Both statements are factually correct under statutory biosphere reserve guidelines: The core zone is a legally protected inviolate sanctuary with zero human extraction permitted (A), and the surrounding buffer zone accommodates non-destructive activities like research, education, and regulated ecotourism (R). However, Reason R describes the buffer zone rather than providing the functional ecological rationale for why the core itself is strictly protected (which is to preserve baseline genetic diversity undisturbed). Choice B.
कथन A और R दोनों सत्य हैं, लेकिन R, A की सही व्याख्या नहीं है क्योंकि R बफर जोन के कार्यों का वर्णन करता है, कोर जोन के पूर्ण संरक्षण के कारण की व्याख्या नहीं करता। सही विकल्प B है।
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132📚Brachytherapy, Nuclear Medicine Physics & Radiotherapy QAHDR vs LDR Brachytherapy
What is the primary benefit of using a high-dose-rate (HDR) source compared to a low-dose-rate (LDR) source in brachytherapy?
Explanation
High-Dose-Rate (HDR) brachytherapy delivers radiation at dose rates exceeding 12 Gy/hr (typically using a stepping 192Ir^{192}\text{Ir} source of ~10 Ci), reducing treatment delivery duration from days (in LDR inpatient hospital stays) to mere minutes, vastly minimizing treatment time and patient discomfort.
ब्रैकीथेरेपी में LDR की तुलना में HDR (हाई-डोज़-रेट) का प्राथमिक लाभ उपचार समय में भारी कमी (Reduced time of radiation exposure) है, जिससे दिनों का उपचार कुछ ही मिनटों में पूरा हो जाता है। सही विकल्प A है।
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133📚Biological Sciences, Genetics, Biotechnology & EcologyBiotechnology & Genetically Modified Crops
Correct for "Golden rice"
i. Rice with beta- carotene
ii. Yellow in colour
iii. It is a GM rice
Choose correct combination:
Explanation
Golden Rice is a genetically modified (GM) biofortified strain of Oryza sativa engineered with daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) and bacterium (Pantoea ananatis) genes to biosynthesize provitamin A (beta-carotene) in the edible endosperm, which imparts its characteristic golden-yellow color to combat dietary vitamin A deficiency.
गोल्डन राइस एक आनुवंशिक रूप से संशोधित (GM) चावल है जिसमें बीटा-कैरोटीन होता है और यह पीले रंग का होता है। अतः तीनों कथन i, ii और iii सत्य हैं। सही विकल्प D है।
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134📚General English & ComprehensionReading Comprehension
In the context of this passage, a martyr is one who dies ________
Explanation
The passage states: 'this would do the unfortunate victim no good, the species benefits. A rare example of a martyr among animals', indicating the individual dies without personal gain.
गद्यांश के संदर्भ में शहीद वह है जो स्वयं के किसी लाभ के बिना (without any gain to oneself) अपनी प्रजाति के लाभ के लिए मारा जाता है। सही विकल्प C है।
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135📚General Awareness, Science & J&K UT Special ReferenceCurrent Affairs & Obituaries
Padmashri Amiya Kumar Bagchi, who passed away in Nov 2024, is related to which field?
Explanation
Prof. Amiya Kumar Bagchi was a distinguished Indian Marxist political economist, author, and academic who made monumental contributions to Indian economic history, banking, and development economics.
नवंबर 2024 में दिवंगत पद्मश्री अमिय कुमार बागची भारत के प्रख्यात अर्थशास्त्री (Economics) थे। सही विकल्प B है।
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136📚Preventive & Curative Conservation, Museum Studies & Cultural HeritagePollution & Preventive Storage
Which of the following statements about pollution and its effect on collections are correct in terms of preventive conservation? (Select the correct combination)
Statements:
1. Air pollution from sources like vehicle emissions and industrial activity is a significant threat to outdoor sculptures, causing surface degradation.
2. Museum spaces should have high levels of ventilation to allow pollutants to dissipate quickly, even if it means fluctuating environmental conditions.
3. The use of neutral pH materials for display and storage can help reduce the impact of acidic pollutants on collections.
4. Chemical pollutants such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide can affect paintings and textiles, causing fading and brittleness.
Choose the correct option:
Explanation
Statements 1, 3, and 4 are accurate preventive conservation principles:
- Outdoor stone and bronze monuments suffer accelerated erosion from automotive particulates and acidic precipitation.
- Neutral pH and alkaline-buffered archival boards/enclosures absorb and neutralize acidic pollutants.
- Strong oxidants like ozone (O3O_3) and NO2NO_2 sever conjugated double bonds in colorants and embrittle textile fibers.
Statement 2 is FALSE because uncontrolled ventilation draws in outdoor pollutants and creates dangerous humidity spikes; museum HVAC requires filtered, controlled recirculation.
कथन 1, 3 और 4 सही हैं। कथन 2 गलत है क्योंकि संग्रहालयों में अनियंत्रित बाहरी वेंटिलेशन से प्रदूषण और आर्द्रता में उतार-चढ़ाव आता है। न्यूट्रल pH सामग्री का उपयोग अम्लीय प्रभाव को कम करता है और ओजोन व NO2NO_2 वस्त्रों व चित्रों को फीका करते हैं। सही विकल्प A है।
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137📚Preventive & Curative Conservation, Museum Studies & Cultural HeritageDefinition of Archaeology
Which of the following best defines archaeology?
Explanation
Archaeology is the scientific study of past human life, activity, and culture through the systematic excavation, recovery, and scientific analysis of physical material remains—including artifacts, monuments, architecture, biofacts, and cultural landscapes. (Option A describes textual history; Option C describes epigraphy/philology; Option D describes cultural anthropology/ethnography).
पुरातत्व (Archaeology) भौतिक अवशेषों—जैसे कलाकृतियों, संरचनाओं, बर्तनों और पर्यावरणीय साक्ष्यों—के उत्खनन और वैज्ञानिक विश्लेषण के माध्यम से प्राचीन मानव संस्कृति और इतिहास का अध्ययन है। सही विकल्प B है।
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138📚Preventive & Curative Conservation, Museum Studies & Cultural HeritageMuseums in Jammu and Kashmir
When was the SPS Museum (Shahid Park Museum) in Jammu established?
Explanation
In Jammu, archaeological and museum collection activities under the Directorate of Archives, Archaeology & Museums saw the establishment of regional museum facilities and an archaeology unit at the Mubarak Mandi complex in 1981. Hence, 1981 (Option B) is the designated answer.
जम्मू में पुरातत्व विंग और संबंधित संग्रहालय इकाई की स्थापना 1981 में की गई थी। सही विकल्प B (1981) है।
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139📚Preventive & Curative Conservation, Museum Studies & Cultural HeritageDogra Art Museum Jammu
When was the Dogra Art Museum in Jammu established?
Explanation
The Dogra Art Museum (originally inaugurated as the Dogra Art Gallery by the first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, on April 18, 1954 at Gandhi Bhawan, Jammu) is renowned worldwide for its magnificent collection of over 800 miniature Pahari paintings, particularly from the Basohli, Kangra, and Jammu schools. It was later relocated to the Pink Hall of Mubarak Mandi Palace.
डोगरा आर्ट म्यूजियम (Dogra Art Museum, Jammu) की स्थापना 18 अप्रैल 1954 को भारत के प्रथम राष्ट्रपति डॉ. राजेंद्र प्रसाद द्वारा 'डोगरा आर्ट गैलरी' के रूप में की गई थी। यह बसोहली और कांगड़ा शैली की पहाड़ी लघु चित्रों (miniature paintings) के लिए विश्व प्रसिद्ध है। सही विकल्प A (1954) है।
2025JKSSB
140📚Camera Mechanics, Optics & Exposure TrianglePortrait Focal Lengths
On a full frame 35mm DSLR camera, which of the following lenses would be best for portrait work?
Explanation
The 85mm prime lens is universally considered the ideal focal length for portrait photography on a full-frame camera. It provides a natural, flattering perspective of human facial features without perspective distortion, allows a comfortable working distance, and produces creamy background bokeh at wide apertures.
फुल-फ्रेम 35mm कैमरे पर पोर्ट्रेट फोटोग्राफी के लिए 85 मिमी (85 mm) लेंस को दुनिया भर में सर्वश्रेष्ठ माना जाता है, क्योंकि यह चेहरे के स्वाभाविक अनुपात को बनाए रखता है और सुंदर बैकग्राउंड ब्लर देता है। सही विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSB
141📚Museology, Museum Studies & Exhibition PracticesPioneers of Indian Museology & ASI
Match the following key figures in Indian museum history with their contributions or roles:
Figures:
1. Dr. Asutosh Mookerjee
2. Sir William Jones
3. Lord Curzon
4. Alexander Cunningham
Contributions:
i. Founder of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), played a vital role in preserving heritage.
ii. Promoted the establishment of the Indian Museum, Kolkata through scholarly contributions.
iii. Established the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art at the University of Calcutta.
iv. Played a key role in restoring ancient monuments and museums during British India.
Options:
Explanation
Historical contributions: (1) Dr. Asutosh Mookerjee founded the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art at Calcutta University in 1937 (iii); (2) Sir William Jones founded the Asiatic Society in 1784, leading directly to the creation of the Indian Museum (ii); (3) Lord Curzon enacted the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act of 1904, revitalizing archaeological museums (iv); (4) Alexander Cunningham was the first Director General and founder of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in 1861 (i). Match: 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-i.
भारतीय संग्रहालय इतिहास के प्रमुख व्यक्तित्व: (1) डॉ. आशुतोष मुखर्जी - कलकत्ता विश्वविद्यालय में आशुतोष भारतीय कला संग्रहालय की स्थापना (iii); (2) सर विलियम जोन्स - एशियाटिक सोसाइटी के संस्थापक, भारतीय संग्रहालय की नींव रखी (ii); (3) लॉर्ड कर्जन - प्राचीन स्मारक संरक्षण अधिनियम 1904 पारित कर स्मारकों का जीर्णोद्धार कराया (iv); (4) अलेक्जेंडर कनिंघम - भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण (ASI) के संस्थापक व प्रथम महानिदेशक (i)। सही विकल्प A है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
142📚Museology, Museum Studies & Exhibition PracticesFunctional Museum Planning
Match the following museum design elements with their respective purposes:
Elements:
1. Architectural Design
2. Exhibition Display Cases
3. Visitor Services Areas
4. Emergency Exits and Signage
Purposes:
i. To ensure visitor comfort and convenience by offering facilities like cafes, restrooms, and gift shops.
ii. To preserve and protect artifacts from damage, environmental factors, and theft.
iii. To guide visitors safely in the event of an emergency, ensuring that they can exit the museum efficiently.
iv. To create an aesthetic and functional space that enhances the museum's identity and invites engagement.
Options:
Explanation
Design functions: (1) Architectural Design creates an aesthetically inspiring, functional public identity for the institution (iv); (2) Exhibition Display Cases provide sealed microclimate protection against dust, pollutants, touch, and theft (ii); (3) Visitor Services Areas provide hospitality, rest, dining, and retail facilities (i); (4) Emergency Exits and Signage ensure life safety and rapid evacuation (iii). Match: 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iii.
संग्रहालय डिजाइन तत्व: (1) वास्तुकला डिजाइन - सौंदर्यपूर्ण और कार्यात्मक स्थान का निर्माण जो संग्रहालय की पहचान बनाए (iv); (2) डिस्प्ले केस - कलाकृतियों को धूल, चोरी और पर्यावरण से सुरक्षित रखना (ii); (3) आगंतुक सेवा क्षेत्र - कैफेटेरिया, शौचालय और उपहार की दुकानें (i); (4) आपातकालीन निकास और संकेत - आपातकाल में सुरक्षित निकासी (iii)। अतः सही विकल्प A (1-iv, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iii) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
143📚Preventive Conservation, Heritage Material Science & Conservation ChemistryPollutant Chemistry & Heritage Degradation
Which of the following statements regarding the effect of air pollution on cultural heritage materials is incorrect?
i. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from industrial emissions can cause acidification and deterioration of stone monuments and sculptures.
ii. Ozone (O3) exposure causes discoloration and deterioration of organic materials, such as textiles and leather.
iii. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) from vehicle emissions primarily affect the physical integrity of metals by accelerating oxidation and corrosion.
iv. Particulate matter (PM) primarily impacts the surface layer of archaeological and museum objects but does not penetrate deep into materials.
Choose the correct statement:
Explanation
Pollutant impacts: Statement i is true (SO2SO_2 forms sulfuric acid, converting marble CaCO3CaCO_3 to friable gypsum CaSO4⋅2H2OCaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O). Statement ii is true (ozone oxidizes double bonds in dyes, cellulose, and collagen). Statement iii is flawed/incorrect in emphasizing that NOxNO_x 'primarily' affects metals (nitrogen oxides primarily cause acid deposition damaging stone and hydrolyzing paper/textiles). Statement iv is incorrect because sub-micron particulate matter (PM2.5PM_{2.5}, carbon soot, salts) penetrates deeply into porous stone, unglazed terra-cotta, and textile matrices, causing deep-seated irreversible chemical staining and matrix degradation. Thus, statements iii and iv are the incorrect statements.
कथन i सही है (SO2SO_2 पत्थर और संगमरमर को जिप्सम में बदलकर क्षरण करता है)। कथन ii सही है (ओजोन वस्त्रों और चमड़े का ऑक्सीकरण करता है)। कथन iii और iv भ्रामक/गलत हैं क्योंकि NOxNO_x मुख्य रूप से पत्थरों और सेल्यूलोज को नुकसान पहुंचाता है तथा सूक्ष्म धूल कण (PM2.5PM_{2.5}) छिद्रयुक्त पत्थरों और वस्त्रों की गहराई तक समा जाते हैं, केवल सतह पर नहीं रहते। अतः गलत कथनों का समूह iii and iv only (विकल्प C) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
144📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceDogra Art Museum Mubarak Mandi
The Dogra Art Museum in Jammu was established in which year, and where was it originally located?
A) 1954, in the Amar Mahal Palace under the initiative of Dr. Rajendra Prasad
B) 1950, in the Mubarak Mandi Complex under the guidance of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
C) 1956, in the Pink Hall of Mubarak Mandi Palace inaugurated by Dr. Rajendra Prasad
D) 1962, in the Raghunath Temple Complex under the patronage of Maharaja Hari Singh
Explanation
The Dogra Art Museum, renowned for its priceless collection of Basohli and Kangra miniature paintings (including the illustrated Rasamanjari series), was established in the historic Mubarak Mandi Palace complex in Jammu. It was formally inaugurated in 1956 in the Pink Hall of Mubarak Mandi Palace by the first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
जम्मू में 'डोगरा आर्ट म्यूजियम' (Dogra Art Museum - जो अपनी विश्वप्रसिद्ध बसोहली लघु चित्रों और रासमंजरी के लिए प्रसिद्ध है) का औपचारिक उद्घाटन 1956 में मुबारक मंडी पैलेस के 'पिंक हॉल' में भारत के प्रथम राष्ट्रपति डॉ. राजेंद्र प्रसाद द्वारा किया गया था। सही विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
145📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceStratigraphy of Burzahom
Arrange the chronological periods of the Burzahom Archaeological Site in the correct order from earliest to latest:
A) Neolithic I → Neolithic II → Megalithic → Early Historical Period
B) Megalithic → Neolithic I → Neolithic II → Early Historical Period
C) Neolithic II → Neolithic I → Megalithic → Early Historical Period
D) Early Historical Period → Megalithic → Neolithic I → Neolithic II
Explanation
The cultural sequence established by archaeological excavations at Burzahom spans four distinct chronological phases: Period I: Aceramic/Early Neolithic (subterranean pit-dwelling phase with crude hand-made pottery); Period II: Late Neolithic (mud-plastered above-ground structures, fine polished bone and stone tools); Period III: Megalithic phase (erection of monumental stone menhirs, wheel-made red pottery, copper/iron tools); Period IV: Early Historical Period (post-megalithic early centuries AD). Sequence: Neolithic I → Neolithic II → Megalithic → Early Historical Period (Option A).
बुर्जहोम पुरातात्विक स्थल का सही कालानुक्रमिक क्रम: नवपाषाण काल I (Neolithic I - गड्ढा घर/गर्त आवास) → नवपाषाण काल II (Neolithic II - मिट्टी की संरचनाएं व हड्डी के औजार) → महापाषाण काल (Megalithic - मेनहिर/विशाल पत्थर) → प्रारंभिक ऐतिहासिक काल (Early Historical Period)। सही विकल्प A है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
146📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceWorld Heritage Day (18th April)
Consider the following statements about World Heritage Day:
Statement I: World Heritage Day is celebrated on 18th April every year.
Statement II: It aims to raise awareness about the importance of preserving cultural heritage sites worldwide.
Statement III: The day was established by UNESCO in 1982.
Statement IV: The theme of World Heritage Day remains the same every year.
Choose the correct statement:
Explanation
Statements I, II, and III are correct: World Heritage Day (International Day for Monuments and Sites) is celebrated annually on 18th April. Proposed by ICOMOS in 1982 and officially approved by UNESCO at its 22nd General Conference in 1983, it promotes global awareness for heritage conservation. Statement IV is false because ICOMOS selects a distinct annual theme each year to highlight contemporary heritage challenges. Thus, Statements I, II, and III only are correct.
विश्व धरोहर दिवस (World Heritage Day): कथन I सही है (प्रत्येक वर्ष 18 अप्रैल को मनाया जाता है)। कथन II सही है (सांस्कृतिक विरासत के संरक्षण के प्रति जागरूकता बढ़ाना इसका उद्देश्य है)। कथन III सही है (ICOMOS द्वारा 1982 में प्रस्तावित व यूनेस्को द्वारा 1983 में अनुमोदित)। कथन IV गलत है क्योंकि इसका विषय (Theme) हर वर्ष बदलता है। अतः I, II, and III only सही हैं (विकल्प B)।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
147📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceJ&K Ancient Monuments Preservation Act
The Jammu & Kashmir Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1977 (Samvat) was enacted to:
Statement I: Protect and preserve ancient and historical monuments, archaeological sites, and remains in Jammu & Kashmir.
Statement II: Regulate construction activities near protected monuments to prevent damage.
Statement III: Provide provisions for declaring any ancient monument as a protected site.
Statement IV: Allow unrestricted commercial use of protected monuments for tourism purposes.
Choose the correct statement:
Explanation
The Jammu & Kashmir Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, Samvat 1977 (1920 AD) empowers the state to declare monuments as protected (Statement III), preserves ancient monuments and archaeological mounds (Statement I), and legally restricts, controls, or prohibits damaging construction, mining, or excavation within protected buffer zones (Statement II). Statement IV is false as the Act strictly prohibits commercial encroachment and unauthorized commercial exploitation. Thus, Statements I, II, and III only are correct.
जम्मू और कश्मीर प्राचीन स्मारक संरक्षण अधिनियम 1977 (संवत 1977 = 1920 ईस्वी): कथन I, II और III सही हैं (स्मारकों की रक्षा करना, उनके पास निर्माण गतिविधियों को विनियमित करना, और संरक्षित घोषित करने के प्रावधान)। कथन IV गलत है क्योंकि अधिनियम स्मारकों के अनियंत्रित व्यावसायिक दोहन पर पूर्ण प्रतिबंध लगाता है। अतः सही उत्तर I, II, and III only (विकल्प A) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
148📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceState Protected Monuments of J&K
Match the following State Protected Monuments in Jammu and Kashmir with their respective locations:
Monuments:
1. Ancient temple, Narasthan
2. Mamleshwar temple
3. Hari Parbat Fort
4. Ancient Buddhist site, Hao Nar
Locations:
i. Srinagar
ii. Mammal, Pahalgam
iii. Narasthan, Tral
iv. Lidroo, Pahalgam
Options:
Explanation
State Protected Monuments of J&K: (1) Narasthan Ancient Temple: Distinctive 8th-century stone temple with an early pyramidal roof, located at Narasthan village in Tral (Pulwama) (iii); (2) Mamleshwar Temple: Ancient stone Shiva temple with a pure water spring located at Mammal village, Pahalgam (ii); (3) Hari Parbat Fort (Koh-e-Maran): Historic fort originally fortified by Akbar and reconstructed by Atta Mohammad Khan in Srinagar (i); (4) Ancient Buddhist site at Hao Nar: Buddhist stupa/monastery ruins situated at Lidroo near Pahalgam (iv). Match: 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iv.
जम्मू-कश्मीर के राज्य संरक्षित स्मारक: (1) नरस्थान प्राचीन मंदिर - नरस्थान, त्राल (iii); (2) ममलेश्वर मंदिर - मम्मल, पहलगाम (ii); (3) हरि परबत किला - श्रीनगर (i); (4) हाओ नार प्राचीन बौद्ध स्थल - लिद्रू, पहलगाम (iv)। अतः सही विकल्प A (1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iv) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
149📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceCentrally Protected ASI Monuments in J&K
As of the latest available data, how many monuments in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir are designated as Monuments of National Importance under the protection of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)?
A) 28
B) 42
C) 56
D) 72
Explanation
According to official notifications of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI, under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India), there are exactly 56 Centrally Protected Monuments of National Importance located in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (spanning Srinagar and Jammu sub-circles, including Martand Sun Temple, Avantipur temples, Parihaspora, Harwan, and Akhnoor fort).
भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण (ASI) के आधिकारिक आंकड़ों के अनुसार, केंद्र शासित प्रदेश जम्मू और कश्मीर में राष्ट्रीय महत्व के संरक्षित स्मारकों (Monuments of National Importance) की कुल संख्या 56 है। अतः सही विकल्प C (56) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
150📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceAncient Buddhist Sites of J&K
Which of the following are correctly matched ancient Buddhist sites located in Jammu and Kashmir?
Statement I: Harwan - Known for terracotta tiles with intricate carvings.
Statement II: Parihaspora - A significant Buddhist site established by King Lalitaditya.
Statement III: Ambaran - An ancient Buddhist monastic site near Akhnoor.
Statement IV: Martand - A major Buddhist monastery in the Anantnag district.
Choose the correct statement:
Explanation
Buddhist archaeological sites in J&K: Statement I is correct (Harwan near Srinagar features a unique 4th-5th century Kushan-era Buddhist stupa and courtyard paved with molded terracotta tiles). Statement II is correct (Parihaspora, built by King Lalitaditya Muktapida, houses the monumental Raj Vihara and Chaitya). Statement III is correct (Ambaran at Akhnoor on the Chenab is an internationally renowned Kushan-Gupta Buddhist monastic settlement with stupas and relic caskets). Statement IV is INCORRECT: Martand in Anantnag is the famous 8th-century Hindu Sun Temple built by Lalitaditya, NOT a Buddhist monastery. Thus, Statements I, II, and III only are correctly matched.
कथन I सही है (हरवान - अपनी सुंदर नक्काशीदार टेराकोटा टाइलों और बौद्ध स्तूप के लिए प्रसिद्ध)। कथन II सही है (परिहासपोरा - राजा ललितादित्य द्वारा स्थापित प्रमुख बौद्ध महाविहार)। कथन III सही है (अंबरन - अखनूर के पास चिनाब किनारे स्थित प्रसिद्ध बौद्ध मठ स्थल)। कथन IV गलत है क्योंकि मार्तंड (अनंतनाग) एक प्रसिद्ध 'सूर्य मंदिर' (Hindu Sun Temple) है, बौद्ध मठ नहीं। अतः सही उत्तर I, II, and III only (विकल्प A) है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
151📚Jammu & Kashmir Heritage, Archaeology & Archival ScienceDefinition & Purpose of Heritage Conservation
Which of the following best defines Conservation in the context of cultural heritage?
A) The complete replacement of damaged heritage artifacts with modern replicas.
B) The process of protecting, preserving, and managing cultural heritage to prevent decay and ensure its longevity.
C) The unrestricted public display of artifacts to increase tourism.
D) The commercial use of heritage sites for revenue generation.
Explanation
In cultural heritage discipline (ICOMOS/Venice Charter): Conservation encompasses all interdisciplinary processes of safeguarding, caring for, maintaining, and managing cultural property (tangible artifacts, monuments, and collections) to prevent decay, minimize risk of loss, and ensure its physical longevity and historical authenticity for future generations.
सांस्कृतिक विरासत के संदर्भ में संरक्षण (Conservation) का तात्पर्य सांस्कृतिक संपत्तियों की सुरक्षा, परिरक्षण और प्रबंधन करने की समग्र प्रक्रिया से है ताकि उनके क्षरण को रोका जा सके और आने वाली पीढ़ियों के लिए उनकी दीर्घायु व ऐतिहासिक प्रामाणिकता सुनिश्चित की जा सके। अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प B है।
2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)
152📚General Intelligence & ReasoningStatement & Assumptions
Choose the correct Statements:
Statement: Success is determined by how well a person recovers after reaching his lowest point.
Assumptions:
I. Achieving success demands deliberate effort and persistence, undeterred by setbacks.
II. Failure is not something that can be easily accepted.
Choose the correct Answer:
Explanation
The statement asserts that success is defined by recovering from one's lowest point. This directly assumes that success requires resilience, deliberate effort, and persistence despite setbacks (Assumption I is implicit). It does not discuss emotional acceptance of failure (Assumption II is not implicit).
कथन कहता है कि सफलता इस बात से तय होती है कि व्यक्ति अपने सबसे निचले स्तर से कैसे उबरता है। यह स्पष्ट रूप से मानता है कि सफल होने के लिए असफलताओं से अप्रभावित रहकर निरंतर प्रयास और दृढ़ता की आवश्यकता होती है (धारणा I अंतर्निहित है)। विफलता को स्वीकार करने की कठिनाई पर कथन में कुछ नहीं कहा गया (धारणा II अंतर्निहित नहीं है)।
2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department
153📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphyKashmiri Master Calligraphers
ریاست جموں و کشمیر سے تعلق رکھنے والے خط نسخ و نستعلیق کے ماہرین کی نشاندہی کریں۔
(Identify the masters of Khat-e-Naskh and Nastaliq belonging to the state of Jammu and Kashmir:)
Explanation
Muhammad Manzoor Kashmiri and Agha Ghulam Rasool are celebrated historic Kashmiri master calligraphers who achieved exceptional renown in classical Naskh and Nastaliq scripts, transcribing monumental manuscripts and state documents.
ریاست جموں و کشمیر سے تعلق رکھنے والے نامور خطاطین میں محمد منور کشمیری اور آغا غلام رسول کشمیری سرِ فہرست ہیں، جنہوں نے خطِ نسخ اور نستعلیق میں شاندار تاریخی خدمات انجام دیں۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
154📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphyOrigins of Khat-e-Thuluth
خط "ثلث" کس معروف خطاط سے منسوب ہیں؟
(Khat-e-Thuluth is attributed to which famous calligrapher?)
Explanation
Khat-e-Thuluth (the monumental cursive script) was originated and codified in the early Abbasid era by master calligrapher Ibrahim al-Shajari (ابراہیم شجری), who derived it by reducing the monumental 'Khatt-e-Jaleel' by one-third (hence the name Thuluth, meaning one-third).
خطِ ثلث کی ابتدائی اختراع اور اصول سازی کا سہرا عباسی عہد کے مشہور خطاط ابراہیم شجری کے سر باندھا جاتا ہے، جنہوں نے خطِ جلیل سے اس کا ایک تہائی (ثلث) اخذ کر کے یہ خط ایجاد کیا۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
155📚Traditional Calligraphy Tools, Inks, Papers & MaterialsJali vs Khafi Qalam
فن خوشنویسی میں قلم اگر جلی ہوگا ، تو کیا ہوگا ؟
(In the art of calligraphy, if the Qalam (pen) is 'Jali', what does it mean?)
Explanation
In calligraphy terminology, 'Jali' (جلی) signifies large, bold, monumental writing executed with a broad, thick-nibbed pen (قط بڑا ہوگا). Its opposite is 'Khafi' (fine/small).
خوشنویسی کی اصطلاح میں 'جلی' موٹے اور بڑے حروف کی تحریر کو کہتے ہیں، جس کے لیے قلم کا قط بڑا اور چوڑا رکھا جاتا ہے۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
156📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphyHistorical Centers of Calligraphy
فنِ کتابت و خطاطی میں کن اسلامی ممالک نے اہم کارنامے انجام دیئے ہیں ۔
(Which Islamic regions/countries achieved monumental historic contributions in the art of calligraphy?)
Explanation
Egypt (Cairo under Fatimids and Mamluks), Iran (cradle of Ta'liq and Nastaliq), and Hijaz (the holy sanctuaries of Mecca and Medina where revelation was inscribed) represent the classical trinity of Islamic calligraphy centers.
اسلامی تاریخ میں فنِ کتابت و خطاطی کے فروغ میں حجاز مقدس (مکہ و مدینہ)، مصر اور ایران نے سب سے زیادہ تاریخی اور لازوال کارنامے انجام دیے۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
157📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphyKashmiri Calligraphy Treatises
"خوشنویسانِ کشمیر" کے مصنف کون ہیں؟
(Who is the author of the historical work "Khushnaveesan-e-Kashmir"?)
Explanation
"Khushnaveesan-e-Kashmir" (خوشنویسانِ کشمیر) is the monumental historical treatise on the calligraphic heritage and scribes of Kashmir authored by Maulana Ahmad Din Shaghal.
کشمیر کی صدیوں پرانی خطاطی کی تاریخ اور کشمیری اساتذہ کے فن پر مستند تصنیف 'خوشنویسانِ کشمیر' کے مصنف مولانا احمد دین شاغل ہیں۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
158📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphyKashmiri Calligraphers
خط نستعلیق، خط کوفی، خط ثلث وغیرہ میں کارہائے نمایاں انجام دینے والے کشمیری خطاط کی نشاندہی کریں؟
(Identify the Kashmiri calligraphers who performed outstanding feats in Nastaliq, Kufi, Thuluth, etc.:)
Explanation
Shabir Ahmad Rizvi and Muhammad Abbas Shopyani are celebrated Kashmiri master calligraphers who made monumental contributions across Nastaliq, Kufi, and Thuluth in Jammu & Kashmir.
ریاست جموں و کشمیر کے نامور خطاطین میں شبیر احمد رضوی اور محمد عباس شوپیانی نے خطِ نستعلیق، کوفی اور ثلث میں قابلِ فخر اور نمایاں کارنامے انجام دیے۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
159📚Classical Calligraphy Principles, Measurement & OrthographyPrinciple of Safa
خطاطی کا ایک اصول "صفا" ہے اس سے کیا مراد لیا جاتا ہے؟
(One of the 12 principles of calligraphy is "Safa"; what does it signify?)
Explanation
In calligraphy treatises, 'Safa' (صفا) signifies that pristine clarity, effortless elegance, and purity of line achieved exclusively through dedicated, prolonged practice and discipline.
خطاطی کے اصولوں میں 'صفا' سے مراد وہ فنی نکھار، پاکیزگی اور یکسانیت ہے جو کاتب کو مسلسل اور طویل مشق کے بعد خط میں حاصل ہوتی ہے۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
160📚History & Masters of Islamic & Kashmiri CalligraphySocial Context of Calligraphy
فن خطاطی و خوشنویسی میں ہمیں کس معاشرے کے قدردان زیادہ ملتے ہیں؟
(In which society do we find the greatest patrons and appreciators of calligraphy?)
Explanation
Because Islam avoids figurative iconography in sacred contexts, Muslim society elevated Calligraphy to the supreme rank of religious devotion, monumental architecture, and visual aesthetics.
اسلامی معاشرے میں قرآنِ مجید کے تقدس اور غیر تمثیلی جمالیات کے باعث خوشنویسی کو تمام فنون پر فوقیت حاصل رہی اور سب سے زیادہ قدردان مسلم معاشرے میں پائے جاتے ہیں۔
2025JKSSBSkill Development Department
161📚Journalism, Digital Media, PR & AdvertisingHistory of Indian Journalism Themes
Arrange the following themes of Indian journalism in chronological order:
i. Political freedom and social reforms
ii. Nation-building post-independence
iii. Efforts to strengthen the press after 1947
iv. Emergence of the 'Kesari' newspaper
Which of the following is the correct chronological order?
Explanation
Chronological progression of Indian journalistic eras:
1. Emergence of Kesari (founded by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1881) (iv)
2. Freedom movement and social reform journalism (early 20th century) (i)
3. Post-1947 Press commissions and statutory bodies (First Press Commission 1952-54, Press Council) (iii)
4. Post-independence developmental nation-building journalism (1950s-1970s) (ii).
भारतीय पत्रकारिता के चरणों का कालानुक्रम:
1. बाल गंगाधर तिलक द्वारा 'केसरी' की शुरुआत (1881 - iv)
2. स्वतंत्रता संग्राम और सामाजिक सुधार (i)
3. 1947 के बाद प्रेस आयोग और कानून (iii)
4. स्वतंत्रता के बाद राष्ट्र निर्माण पत्रकारिता (ii)। अतः सही क्रम iv, i, iii, ii है।
2025JKSSBHigher Education Department
162📚Software Engineering, Testing & Quality AssuranceSoftware Estimation & COCOMO II
In COCOMO II, the term "scale factors" refers to:
Explanation
In the COCOMO II software cost estimation model, scale factors determine the exponent 'B' in the effort equation Effort = A * (Size)^B, accounting for economies or diseconomies of scale and having an exponential impact on development effort.
COCOMO II लागत अनुमान मॉडल में 'स्केल फैक्टर्स' (Scale factors) वे कारक हैं जो प्रयास अनुमान समीकरण में घातांक (exponent) पर प्रभाव डालते हैं, जिससे परियोजना के प्रयास पर घातीय (exponential) प्रभाव पड़ता है। अतः सही विकल्प B है।
2025JKSSBInformation Technology Department
163📚Exposure Triangle, Lighting & Composition TechniquesArchitectural & Monument Composition
What compositional technique is often used in monument photography to draw the viewer's eye?
Explanation
In monument and architectural photography, centering the monument along the central vertical axis is widely used to highlight symmetrical majesty, grandeur, and structural balance, pulling the viewer's eye directly into the heart of the architectural subject.
स्मारक (मोन्यूमेंट) फोटोग्राफी में विषय की भव्यता, समरूपता (Symmetry) और संरचनात्मक संतुलन को सीधे दर्शाने के लिए अक्सर 'स्मारक को केंद्र में रखने' (Centering the monument) की रचना तकनीक का उपयोग किया जाता है। सही विकल्प B है।
2025JKSSB
164📚Exposure Triangle, Lighting & Composition TechniquesNight Photography & Long Exposure
When photographing a monument at night, which technique can enhance the image?
Explanation
Night monument photography is vastly enhanced by using a sturdy tripod and a long shutter exposure (several seconds to minutes). This allows the sensor to gather ambient architectural illuminations and transform moving vehicle lights into smooth, dynamic light trails.
रात में किसी स्मारक की तस्वीर लेते समय ट्राइपॉड पर 'लॉन्ग एक्सपोजर' (Long exposure) का उपयोग करके वाहनों की लाइट ट्रेल्स और स्मारक की रोशनी को खूबसूरती से उभारा जा सकता है। सही विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSB
165📚General Awareness & General Science with Special Reference to J&KAncient Indian Philosophy & Buddhism
Which one of the following is not included in the 'Eight Fold Path' of Buddhism?
Explanation
The Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhism (Ashtangika Marga) comprises: Right View, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Contemplation (Samadhi). 'Right Desire' is not part of the path, as Buddhism identifies craving (tanha/desire) as the root cause of suffering.
बौद्ध धर्म के अष्टांगिक मार्ग में सम्यक दृष्टि, सम्यक संकल्प, सम्यक वाक् (Speech), सम्यक कर्म (Conduct), सम्यक आजीव, सम्यक व्यायाम, सम्यक स्मृति और सम्यक समाधि (Contemplation) शामिल हैं। 'सम्यक इच्छा' (Right Desire) इसमें शामिल नहीं है क्योंकि तृष्णा/इच्छा ही दुखों का मूल कारण है। अतः सही विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSBVarious Departments
166📚General Awareness & General Science with Special Reference to J&KTourism & Culture of J&K
A traditional Gondola type light weight rowing boat ride which is famous on the pristine Dal Lake in Kashmir is referred to as:
Explanation
The 'Shikara' is the iconic, elegant wooden rowing boat unique to the pristine Dal Lake and Nigeen Lake in Srinagar, Kashmir, renowned as the Gondola of Kashmir.
कश्मीर की प्रसिद्ध डल झील और नगीन झील पर पर्यटकों को आकर्षित करने वाली पारंपरिक गोंडोला जैसी हल्की लकड़ी की नाव की सवारी को 'शिकारा सवारी' (Shikara ride) कहा जाता है। अतः सही विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSBVarious Departments
167📚Provisions of Motor Vehicles Act & RulesHit-and-Run Statutory Jurisprudence
"Hit and Run motor accident" is defined under which section of motor vehicle Act 1988?
Explanation
Section 161(1)(b) of the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 explicitly defines a 'hit and run motor accident' as an accident arising out of the use of a motor vehicle or motor vehicles the identity whereof cannot be ascertained in spite of reasonable efforts, providing for statutory compensation from the Solatium Scheme.
मोटर वाहन अधिनियम 1988 की धारा 161 में 'हिट एंड रन मोटर दुर्घटना' (Hit and Run motor accident) को परिभाषित किया गया है और इसके पीड़ितों हेतु मुआवज़े का प्रावधान है। सही विकल्प D है।
2025JKSSB
168📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsGeography & World Heritage
Which of the following countries is NOT part of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network?
A) Czechia
B) Morocco
C) Thailand
D) India
Explanation
India currently does not have any site designated as a UNESCO Global Geopark despite having numerous Geological Survey of India (GSI) National Geological Monuments. Czechia (Bohemian Paradise), Morocco (M'Goun), and Thailand (Satun) all possess recognized UNESCO Global Geoparks.
भारत में वर्तमान में यूनेस्को का कोई भी ग्लोबल जियोपार्क (UNESCO Global Geopark) नहीं है। चेकिया, मोरक्को और थाईलैंड तीनों के पास मान्यता प्राप्त यूनेस्को ग्लोबल जियोपार्क हैं। अतः भारत (India) सही उत्तर है।
2025JKSSB
169📚Renewable Energy & EnvironmentEnergy Management & Conservation
What is the primary goal of energy management?
A) Maximising energy consumption
B) Optimising energy usage
C) Minimising energy efficiency
D) Reducing energy conservation
Explanation
The fundamental objective of energy management is to achieve and maintain optimum energy procurement and utilization throughout the organization, minimising energy costs and environmental impacts without affecting production, comfort, or quality.
ऊर्जा प्रबंधन (Energy Management) का प्राथमिक लक्ष्य उत्पादन और गुणवत्ता को प्रभावित किए बिना ऊर्जा के उपयोग को इष्टतम (Optimize) करना तथा ऊर्जा लागत व पर्यावरणीय प्रभावों को न्यूनतम करना है।
2025JKSSB
170📚Renewable Energy & EnvironmentEnergy Management & Conservation
What is the significance of lighting in energy conservation efforts?
A) Lighting has no impact on energy consumption
B) Brighter lighting increases energy efficiency
C) Energy-efficient lighting reduces electricity usage
D) Dim lighting improves energy conservation
Explanation
Lighting accounts for a substantial fraction of commercial and domestic electrical energy. Using energy-efficient lighting technologies (such as solid-state LEDs and smart controls) drastically cuts down electrical power demand and carbon emissions.
ऊर्जा संरक्षण प्रयासों में ऊर्जा-कुशल प्रकाश व्यवस्था (जैसे एलईडी) का उपयोग बिजली की खपत और पीक डिमांड को काफी कम करता है।
2025JKSSB
171📚Mechanical EngineeringMechanical Engineering & Machine Design
Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The efficiency of a screw jack may be defined as the product of ideal effort and the deviations from the actual effort.
Statement 2: The collar bearings are also known as thrust bearing.
Choose the correct option:
A) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
B) Statement 2 is correct and Statement 1 is incorrect
C) Statement 1 and 2 are correct
D) Statement 1 and 2 are incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect: the efficiency of a screw jack is defined as the ratio of ideal effort (P0 without friction) to actual effort (P with friction), η = P0 / P, not a product. Statement 2 is correct: collar bearings support axial loads and are commonly known as thrust bearings. Hence, Statement 2 is correct and Statement 1 is incorrect.
कथन 1 गलत है: स्क्रू जैक की दक्षता आदर्श प्रयास और वास्तविक प्रयास का अनुपात (η = P0/P) होती है, गुणनफल नहीं। कथन 2 सही है: कॉलर बेयरिंग अक्षीय भार वहन करती है और इसे थ्रस्ट बेयरिंग (Thrust bearing) भी कहा जाता है। अतः कथन 2 सही और कथन 1 गलत है।
2025JKSSB
172📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsHistory of Jammu & Kashmir
Hari parbat was built by
A) Emperor Humayun
B) Chandragupta Maurya
C) Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj
D) Atta Mohammed Khan
Explanation
The outer rampart wall surrounding Hari Parbat (Koh-e-Maran) was laid by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1590, but the present fort atop the hill was built by the Afghan governor of Kashmir, Atta Mohammed Khan, in 1808.
हरि पर्वत (कोह-ए-मारन) पर स्थित वर्तमान किले का निर्माण 1808 ईस्वी में कश्मीर के अफगान गवर्नर अत्ता मोहम्मद खान (Atta Mohammed Khan) द्वारा करवाया गया था (जबकि बाहरी प्राचीर का निर्माण मुगल सम्राट अकबर ने करवाया था)। अतः सही विकल्प D है।
2025JKSSB
173📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsModern Indian History & Social Reforms
Name the Governor General who abolished 'Sati' in 1829.
A) Lord Clive
B) Lord Curzon
C) Lord Bentinck
D) Lord Dalhousie
Explanation
The Bengal Sati Regulation was passed on 4 December 1829 by Governor-General Lord William Bentinck, declaring the practice of burning or burying alive Hindu widows (Sati) illegal and punishable by the criminal courts, largely through the relentless reform efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
वर्ष 1829 में गवर्नर जनरल लॉर्ड विलियम बेंटिंक (Lord Bentinck) ने राजा राम मोहन राय के प्रयासों से 'सती प्रथा' को अवैध घोषित कर प्रतिबंधित किया (बंगाल सती विनियमन 1829)। अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प C है।
2025JKSSB
174📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsIndian Culture & Festivals
In which Indian state is the flamingo festival celebrated?
A) Rajasthan
B) Assam
C) Jammu & Kashmir
D) Andhra Pradesh
Explanation
The Flamingo Festival is celebrated annually in Andhra Pradesh at Pulicat Lake and Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary in the Tirupati (formerly Nellore) district to promote tourism and welcome migratory birds, particularly flamingos.
फ्लेमिंगो महोत्सव (Flamingo Festival) आंध्र प्रदेश में पुलीकट झील और नेलापट्टू पक्षी अभयारण्य (तिरुपति/नेल्लोर जिला) में प्रवासी पक्षियों के स्वागत और पर्यटन को बढ़ावा देने के लिए प्रतिवर्ष आयोजित किया जाता है। अतः सही विकल्प D है।
2025JKSSB
175📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsGeography & Tourism of Jammu & Kashmir
The north India's largest zoo 'Jamboo Zoo' is situated in
A) Udhampur
B) Srinagar
C) Pahalgam
D) Nagrota
Explanation
North India's largest zoological park, the Jamboo Zoo, named after King Jambu Lochan, is situated in Nagrota (Khanpur), Jammu, along the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway.
उत्तर भारत का सबसे बड़ा चिड़ियाघर 'जाम्बू चिड़ियाघर' (Jamboo Zoo), जिसका नाम राजा जाम्बू लोचन के नाम पर रखा गया है, जम्मू के नगरोटा (खानपुर) में स्थित है। इसका उद्घाटन 2023 में किया गया था। अतः सही विकल्प D है।
2025JKSSB
176📚General Awareness & ScienceIndian Heritage & Art Architecture
The famous Sun Temple of Konark is located in which state?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Odisha
C) Andhra Pradesh
D) Karnataka
Explanation
The 13th-century Konark Sun Temple (also known as the Black Pagoda), built by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty, is situated in Puri district of Odisha and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
कोणार्क का प्रसिद्ध सूर्य मंदिर (ब्लैक पैगोडा), जिसे 13वीं शताब्दी में पूर्वी गंग वंश के राजा नरसिंहदेव प्रथम ने बनवाया था, ओडिशा के पुरी जिले में स्थित है और यह यूनेस्को विश्व धरोहर स्थल है। अतः विकल्प B सही है।
2025JKSSB
177📚General Awareness & ScienceIndian History & Ancient Religions
'Sanchi Stupa' is associated with which religion?
A) Hinduism
B) Jainism
C) Buddhism
D) Sikhism
Explanation
The Great Stupa at Sanchi (Madhya Pradesh) was originally commissioned by Mauryan Emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE to enshrine the relics of the Buddha, making it one of the oldest and most important monuments of Buddhism.
सांची का महान स्तूप (मध्य प्रदेश) मौर्य सम्राट अशोक द्वारा तीसरी शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व में भगवान बुद्ध के अवशेषों को संरक्षित करने के लिए बनवाया गया था, जो बौद्ध धर्म (Buddhism) का प्रमुख स्मारक है। अतः विकल्प C सही है।
2025JKSSB
178📚General Awareness & ScienceFamous Books & Authors
Who wrote the book 'Discovery of India'?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Rabindranath Tagore
D) Sardar Patel
Explanation
'The Discovery of India' was written by India's first Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, during his imprisonment at Ahmednagar Fort (1942–1946) following the Quit India Movement.
'द डिस्कवरी ऑफ इंडिया' (भारत की खोज) पुस्तक भारत के प्रथम प्रधानमंत्री पंडित जवाहरलाल नेहरू द्वारा 1942-1946 में अहमदनगर किले में बंदी रहने के दौरान लिखी गई थी। अतः विकल्प A सही है।
2025JKSSB
179📚General Awareness & ScienceMedieval Indian History
Which Mughal emperor built the Red Fort?
A) Akbar
B) Shah Jahan
C) Aurangzeb
D) Jahangir
Explanation
Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned the construction of the historic Red Fort (Lal Qila) in Delhi in 1638 when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Shahjahanabad (Delhi). It was designed by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahori.
मुगल सम्राट शाहजहाँ ने 1638 में अपनी राजधानी आगरा से दिल्ली स्थानांतरित करते समय लाल किले (Red Fort) का निर्माण करवाया था। इसके वास्तुकार उस्ताद अहमद लाहौरी थे। अतः विकल्प B सही है।
2025JKSSB
180📚General Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&KTourism & Destinations in J&K
Gulmarg, a famous hill station and ski resort, is located in which district?
A) Kupwara
B) Baramulla
C) Srinagar
D) Ganderbal
Explanation
Gulmarg ('Meadow of Flowers'), world-famous for its alpine ski slopes and the Gulmarg Gondola, is situated in Baramulla district of Jammu and Kashmir at an altitude of approximately 2,650 meters.
प्रसिद्ध हिल स्टेशन और स्की रिसॉर्ट गुलमर्ग ('फूलों का मैदान') जम्मू-कश्मीर के बारामूला (Baramulla) जिले में लगभग 2,650 मीटर की ऊंचाई पर स्थित है। यहाँ विश्व प्रसिद्ध गुलमर्ग गोंडोला स्थित है। अतः विकल्प B सही है।
2025JKSSB
181📚General Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&KAncient Heritage & Monuments of J&K
The famous ancient university of Sharda Peeth was located in
A) Srinagar
B) Poonch
C) Gilgit
D) Neelum Valley (Now in PoK)
Explanation
Sharda Peeth was a renowned ancient Hindu temple and seat of learning (university) dedicated to the goddess Sharada (Saraswati). It is situated along the Neelum (Kishanganga) River in the Neelum Valley of Pakistan-administered Kashmir (PoK).
शारदा पीठ (Sharda Peeth) विद्या की देवी शारदा को समर्पित एक प्रसिद्ध प्राचीन मंदिर और विश्वविद्यालय केंद्र था। यह नीलम (किशनगंगा) नदी के किनारे नीलम घाटी (वर्तमान में पाकिस्तान अधिकृत कश्मीर - PoK) में स्थित है। अतः विकल्प D सही है।
2025JKSSB
182📚Civil EngineeringEstimating and Costing - Methods of Building Estimation
In long and short wall method of estimation, the length of long wall is the center to center distance between the wall and
A) breadth of the wall
B) half breadth of the wall on each side
C) one forth breadth of the wall on each side
D) one fifth breadth of the wall on each side
Explanation
In the long and short wall method of estimation, the out-to-out length of a long wall is obtained by adding half breadth of the wall on each side to the center-to-center distance (i.e. Length of long wall = c/c distance + 2 * (b/2) = c/c distance + half breadth of the wall on each side).
लंबी और छोटी दीवार विधि (Long and short wall method) में, लंबी दीवार की लंबाई = दीवार की केंद्र-से-केंद्र दूरी + प्रत्येक तरफ दीवार की आधी चौड़ाई (half breadth on each side, कुल एक पूरी चौड़ाई) होती है। अतः विकल्प B सही उत्तर है।
2025JKSSB
183📚Questioned Documents & HandwritingFundamental Principles of Handwriting
Which statement is true for handwriting identification?\nI. A writer cannot exceed his/her writing skill and ability unless he/she makes serious efforts and practice.\nII. Handwriting does not exclusively depend upon the physical movement of hand or writing instrument used.\nIII. A writer can put 2 or more signatures exactly similar.\nIV. A person can adopt difference styles of writing at different times as to change one's normal style of writing.\nOptions:
Explanation
Statements I and II are foundational axioms of handwriting science: (I) a writer cannot write better than their neuromuscular ability without extensive training; (II) handwriting is 'brain writing' controlled by the central nervous system and not solely the physical hand. Statement III is false because no two natural signatures are ever identical.
हस्तलेखन के बुनियादी सिद्धांत: कोई भी लेखक अपने कौशल स्तर से बेहतर नहीं लिख सकता (कथन I सत्य) और लिखावट 'मस्तिष्क का लेखन' है जो केवल हाथ की गति पर निर्भर नहीं है (कथन II सत्य)। कोई भी व्यक्ति दो बिल्कुल समान हस्ताक्षर कभी नहीं कर सकता (III असत्य)। अतः Both I and II सही है।
2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)
184📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsInternational Awards and Honors
Who has received the 2025 World Leader for Peace and Security award?
Explanation
Global humanitarian leader and Art of Living founder Gurudev Sri Sri Ravi Shankar was conferred the prestigious 2025 World Leader for Peace and Security Award by the Boston Global Forum (BGF) and the AI World Society for his tireless efforts toward global conflict resolution and non-violence.
आर्ट ऑफ लिविंग के संस्थापक और वैश्विक मानवतावादी नेता गुरुदेव श्री श्री रवि शंकर को वैश्विक संघर्ष समाधान, मानवीय सद्भाव और शांति के प्रयासों के लिए बोस्टन ग्लोबल फोरम (BGF) द्वारा '2025 वर्ल्ड लीडर फॉर पीस एंड सिक्योरिटी' पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया।
2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department
185📚History & Heritage of Jammu & KashmirAkhnoor Fort on Chenab River
Consider the following statements about Akhnoor Fort, located about 28 km away from Jammu city:
I. The fort is on the right bank of the river Jhelum.
II. The fort was built around 1762 - 1802 at the behest of Raja Tegh Singh
How many of the above statements are correct?
Explanation
Statement I is incorrect because Akhnoor Fort is perched on the right bank of the Chenab River (not Jhelum). Statement II is correct as the fort's construction began under Raja Tegh Singh around 1762 and was completed by Raja Alam Singh in 1802. Therefore, II only is correct.
कथन I गलत है क्योंकि अखनूर किला चिनाब नदी (Chenab River) के दाहिने तट पर स्थित है, झेलम पर नहीं। कथन II सही है क्योंकि इसका निर्माण राजा तेघ सिंह द्वारा 1762 में शुरू कराया गया था और 1802 में पूरा हुआ। अतः केवल II सही है।
2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department
186📚Culture of Jammu & KashmirFairs and Festivals - Purmandal and Jhiri Mela
Consider the following statements about the fairs and festivals of Jammu & Kashmir.
I. Purmandal Mela is organized on Shivaratri (February-March).
II. Jhiri mela (October-November) is held around the legend of Baba Jitu.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Explanation
Both statements are correct. Purmandal Mela (Chhoti Kashi) is celebrated during Maha Shivaratri (February-March) along the sacred Devika river. The Jhiri Mela is held annually during Kartik Purnima (October-November) in Jhiri village to honor the peasant martyr Baba Jitu (Baba Jitto).
दोनों कथन सत्य हैं। पुरमंडल मेला महाशिवरात्रि (फरवरी-मार्च) के अवसर पर देविका नदी के तट पर आयोजित होता है। झीरी मेला कार्तिक पूर्णिमा (अक्टूबर-नवंबर) पर किसान शहीद बाबा जीतो के बलिदान की स्मृति में आयोजित किया जाता है।
2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department
187📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsJ&K Historical Monuments & Heritage
Consider the following pairs:
I. Achabal Garden - Anantnag District
II. Avantipur Ruins - Poonch District
III. Parihaspore archaeological sites - Pulwama District
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
A) I only
B) I and II only
C) II and III only
D) All of the above
Explanation
- Pair I is correct: Achabal Garden (a famed Mughal Garden built by Empress Nur Jahan around an ancient natural spring) is in Anantnag District.
- Pair II is incorrect: Avantipur ruins (Avantiswami and Avantishvara temples built by King Avantivarman in the 9th century) are in Pulwama District, not Poonch.
- Pair III is incorrect: Parihaspore (the ancient capital built by King Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty) is located in Baramulla District, not Pulwama.
Therefore, only Pair I is correctly matched.
- युग्म I सही है: अछाबल गार्डन (मुगल बेगम नूरजहाँ द्वारा विकसित प्रसिद्ध मुगल उद्यान) अनंतनाग जिले में स्थित है।
- युग्म II गलत है: अवंतीपुर के खंडहर (राजा अवंतिवर्मन द्वारा निर्मित मंदिर) पुलवामा जिले में स्थित हैं, न कि पुंछ में।
- युग्म III गलत है: परिहासपोरा (कार्कोट वंश के राजा ललितादित्य मुक्तापीड़ द्वारा बसाई गई राजधानी) बारामूला जिले में स्थित है, न कि पुलवामा में।
अतः केवल युग्म I सही सुमेलित है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
188📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsGeography of Jammu & Kashmir
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
I. Bagh-e-Bahu - Tawi River
II. Nagin Lake - Jhelum River
III. Sasher Kangri - Nubra River
Choose the correct match:
A) I only
B) I and III only
C) I and II only
D) I, II and III
Explanation
- Pair I: Bagh-e-Bahu is laid around the historic Bahu Fort, located right on the banks of the Tawi River in Jammu (Correct).
- Pair II: Nagin Lake is hydro-geographically situated in Srinagar within the drainage basin of the Jhelum River system, connected via water channels (Tsunt Kol/Amir Khan Nallah) that feed into the Jhelum (Matched in local geography syllabi).
- Pair III: Saser Kangri is situated in the Saser Muztagh of the Karakoram Range, overlooking the Shyok River basin.
Hence, Pairs I and II are accepted as correctly matched.
- युग्म I: बाग-ए-बाहू जम्मू में तवी नदी के किनारे ऐतिहासिक बाहू किले के चारों ओर विकसित किया गया है (सही)।
- युग्म II: नगीन झील श्रीनगर में झेलम नदी घाटी जल निकासी प्रणाली का हिस्सा है और जलमार्गों द्वारा झेलम से जुड़ी हुई है (सही)।
- युग्म III: सासेर कांगड़ी काराकोरम में श्योक नदी घाटी क्षेत्र में स्थित है।
अतः युग्म I और II सही सुमेलित हैं।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
189📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsCulture & Heritage of Jammu & Kashmir
Which of the following statements about Rauf is/are correct?
I. Rauf is a traditional folk dance performed on typical folk songs in the Kashmir dialect.
II. It is typically a solo performance by a woman only.
III. Dancers wear traditional Kashmiri attire, including pherans (long, flowing gowns) and ornate jewelry.
Choose the correct option:
A) I only
B) I and II only
C) I and III only
D) I, II and III
Explanation
- Statement I is correct: Rauf is Kashmir's most celebrated traditional celebratory dance, performed during Eid and spring festivals (Navreh).
- Statement II is incorrect: Rauf is never a solo performance; it is performed by two facing rows of women who interlink arms and glide back and forth in rhythmic harmony.
- Statement III is correct: Women wear traditional embroidered Kashmiri pherans, kasaba headgear, and ornate silver jewelry.
Hence, statements I and III are correct.
- कथन I सही है: रऊफ कश्मीर का सबसे प्रसिद्ध पारंपरिक लोकनृत्य है जो ईद और वसंत ऋतु में हर्षोल्लास से गाया और नाचा जाता है।
- कथन II गलत है: रऊफ एकल (solo) नृत्य नहीं है; यह महिलाओं की दो आमने-सामने खड़ी पंक्तियों द्वारा एक-दूसरे की कमर में हाथ डालकर समूह में किया जाता है।
- कथन III सही है: नर्तकियां पारंपरिक फेरन, कसाबा और कश्मीरी आभूषण पहनती हैं।
अतः केवल कथन I और III सही हैं।
2026JKSSBSchool Education Department
190📚General EnglishIdioms and Phrases
The senator's apology was widely viewed as "too little, too late" after months of public outrage. The idiom "too little, too late" most precisely conveys that the apology:
A) Was insincere and strategically calculated
B) Failed to address the full extent of the controversy
C) Was inadequate in both substance and timing to be effective
D) Was overshadowed by more pressing political developments
Explanation
The idiom "too little, too late" refers to an action, effort, or remedy that is insufficient in amount/substance and happens too late to have any beneficial or remedial effect.
मुहावरे "too little, too late" का अर्थ है कि कोई उपाय या कार्रवाई मात्रा में इतनी कम है और इतने विलंब से की गई है कि उसका कोई सकारात्मक प्रभाव नहीं पड़ सकता। अतः विकल्प C सही है।
2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department
191📚General EnglishPara Jumbles
Rearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph:
I. He worked hard to achieve his goals.
II. Success did not come easily to him.
III. Eventually, his efforts paid off.
IV. From a young age, he was determined to succeed.

Choose the correct order:
A) IV -> I -> II -> III
B) IV -> II -> I -> III
C) II -> IV -> I -> III
D) I -> IV -> II -> III
Explanation
The logical narrative sequence begins with the subject's foundational aspiration (IV: From a young age, he was determined to succeed), introduces the challenge (II: Success did not come easily to him), details the response/action taken (I: He worked hard to achieve his goals), and concludes with the result (III: Eventually, his efforts paid off). Thus, IV -> II -> I -> III.
तार्किक क्रम: IV (बचपन से ही दृढ़ संकल्पित था) -> II (सफलता आसानी से नहीं मिली) -> I (उसने कड़ी मेहनत की) -> III (अंततः प्रयास सफल हुए)। अतः सही क्रम IV -> II -> I -> III (विकल्प B) है।
2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department
192📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KNational Monuments & Statues
Match the following and choose the correct option:
Statues:
1. Statue of Unity
2. Statue of Oneness
3. Statue of Equality

Personalities Associated:
i. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
ii. Adi Shankaracharya
iii. Sri Ramanuja Acharya

A) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii
B) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-ii
C) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i
D) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii
Explanation
Matching the iconic statues:
- Statue of Unity (1) -> Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Kevadia, Gujarat (i)
- Statue of Oneness (2) -> 108-ft statue of Adi Shankaracharya at Omkareshwar, MP (ii)
- Statue of Equality (3) -> 216-ft statue of Sri Ramanujacharya in Hyderabad, Telangana (iii)
Therefore, 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii is the correct option.
प्रतिमाओं का सही मिलान:
- स्टैच्यू ऑफ यूनिटी: सरदार वल्लभभाई पटेल (केवड़िया, गुजरात) -> i
- स्टैच्यू ऑफ वननेस: आदि शंकराचार्य (ओंकारेश्वर, मध्य प्रदेश) -> ii
- स्टैच्यू ऑफ इक्वैलिटी: श्री रामानुजाचार्य (हैदराबाद, तेलंगाना) -> iii
अतः सही विकल्प A (1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii) है।
2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department
193📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KMonuments and Heritage of J&K
Consider the following statements about Bahu Fort in Jammu:
I. The ancient Bahu Fort in Jammu is believed to have been originally built by Raja Bahu Lochan about 3,000 years ago.
II. It was refurbished by the Dogra rulers in the 19th century.
III. Just beneath the fort is the terraced Bagh-e-Bahu Garden laid in the style of Mughal gardens.

Which of the above statements are correct?
A) I only
B) I and II only
C) II and III only
D) I, II and III
Explanation
All three statements are historically accurate: Bahu Fort was originally constructed by Raja Bahu Lochan (brother of Raja Jambu Lochan), later restored and rebuilt by Maharaja Gulab Singh and Dogra rulers in the 19th century, houses the revered Bawe Wali Mata temple, and overlooks the sprawling terraced Bagh-e-Bahu garden beside the Tawi River.
बाहू किले के संदर्भ में तीनों कथन सत्य हैं: यह राजा बाहू लोचन द्वारा स्थापित माना जाता है, 19वीं सदी में डोगरा शासकों द्वारा पुनर्निर्मित किया गया, और इसके नीचे तवी नदी किनारे सीढ़ीदार बाग-ए-बाहू उद्यान स्थित है। अतः विकल्प D सही है।
2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department
194📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KMughal Gardens of Kashmir
Which of the following statements about Mughal Gardens in Kashmir are correct?
I. Nishat Bagh laid out in the 17th century, is located directly along the eastern bank of the Dal Lake.
II. The two most important structures within the Shalimar Bagh are the Pink Pavilion, in the Diwan-i-Aam zone of the garden, and the Black Pavilion, located in the Diwan-i-Khas.
III. Achabal Bagh was also known as Sahebabad during the Mughal period, in memory of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.

Choose the correct option:
A) I, II and III
B) I and II only
C) I and III only
D) II and III only
Explanation
Evaluating Mughal Gardens:
- Statement I is correct: Nishat Bagh was designed by Asif Khan (Nur Jahan's brother) in 1633 on the eastern bank of Dal Lake.
- Statement II is correct: Shalimar Bagh features the Diwan-i-Aam with its pinkish sandstone hall and the Diwan-i-Khas featuring the famed Black Marble Pavilion supported by fluted pillars.
- Statement III is incorrect: Achabal was designed and developed by Empress Nur Jahan in 1620 and was historically named 'Begamabad' (not Sahebabad).
Thus, statements I and II only are correct.
कथन I और II सत्य हैं। कथन III असत्य है क्योंकि नूरजहाँ द्वारा विकसित अच्छाबल बाग को मुगल काल में 'बेगमाबाद' कहा जाता था, साहिबाबाद नहीं। अतः सही विकल्प B (I and II only) है।
2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department
195📚Basic EnglishSentence Rearrangement
Given below are four scattered segments of a sentence. Indicate the correct sequence that correctly assembles the segments and completes the sentence.
P. improving the quality of education
Q. requires consistent efforts from
R. teachers, parents, and policymakers
S. in modern society
The most appropriate sequence is:
A) P-Q-R-S
B) S-R-P-Q
C) S-P-R-Q
D) P-S-Q-R
Explanation
The coherent arrangement is: 'Improving the quality of education (P) in modern society (S) requires consistent efforts from (Q) teachers, parents, and policymakers (R).' Thus, the sequence is P-S-Q-R.
सार्थक वाक्य बनता है: 'Improving the quality of education (P) in modern society (S) requires consistent efforts from (Q) teachers, parents, and policymakers (R).' अतः सही क्रम P-S-Q-R है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
196📚General Awareness & ScienceJammu and Kashmir Heritage and Culture
Which of the following statements about the Hazratbal Shrine in Srinagar, famous for housing a holy relic are correct?
I. Sadiq Khan, a subedar during the reign of Shah Jahan, constructed Ishrat Mahal as a notable architectural structure in the Mughal period.
II. The shrine's sanctity is primarily due to the Moi-e-Muqqadas, believed to be a hair of Prophet Muhammad.
III. The current white marble structure was constructed between 1968 and 1979 under the supervision of the Jammu & Kashmir Muslim Auqaf Trust.
Choose the correct option:
A) I and II only
B) II and III only
C) I and III only
D) I, II and III
Explanation
All three statements are correct: I. Subedar Sadiq Khan built the pleasure palace 'Ishrat Mahal' in 1623; Shah Jahan ordered it converted into a prayer place. II. The shrine houses the sacred relic 'Moi-e-Muqqadas' (hair of Prophet Muhammad), brought to Kashmir in 1699–1700. III. The present distinctive white marble domed edifice was constructed between 1968 and 1979 under the supervision of the Muslim Auqaf Trust led by Sheikh Abdullah.
तीनों कथन सही हैं: I. मुगल सूबेदार सादिक खान ने 1623 में इशरत महल का निर्माण करवाया था जिसे बाद में नमाज स्थल बनाया गया। II. इस दरगाह में पैगंबर हज़रत मुहम्मद का पवित्र बाल 'मोई-ए-मुकद्दस' सुरक्षित है। III. वर्तमान सफेद संगमरमर के गुंबदनुमा ढांचे का निर्माण 1968 से 1979 के बीच शेख अब्दुल्ला के नेतृत्व वाले मुस्लिम वक्फ ट्रस्ट द्वारा कराया गया था।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
197📚Basic EnglishSentence Rearrangement
Rearrange the parts of the sentence in correct order.
P. often determines the success of collective efforts
Q. effective leadership
R. by aligning individual goals
S. with a shared vision and purpose
A) QPRS
B) QRPS
C) PQRS
D) PSQR
Explanation
The logical and grammatical sequence is: 'Effective leadership (Q) often determines the success of collective efforts (P) by aligning individual goals (R) with a shared vision and purpose (S).' This corresponds to QPRS.
सार्थक वाक्य बनता है: 'Effective leadership (Q) often determines the success of collective efforts (P) by aligning individual goals (R) with a shared vision and purpose (S).' अतः सही क्रम QPRS है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
198📚Basic EnglishSentence Rearrangement
Rearrange the parts of the sentence in correct order.
P. cannot be addressed through isolated actions
Q. complex environmental problems
R. that require coordinated global efforts
S. but demand long-term strategic planning
A) QPSR
B) QRPS
C) PQRS
D) PSQR
Explanation
The coherent arrangement is: 'Complex environmental problems (Q) that require coordinated global efforts (R) cannot be addressed through isolated actions (P) but demand long-term strategic planning (S).' Therefore, the sequence is QRPS.
सार्थक और व्याकरण सम्मत वाक्य: 'Complex environmental problems (Q) that require coordinated global efforts (R) cannot be addressed through isolated actions (P) but demand long-term strategic planning (S).' अतः सही क्रम QRPS है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
199📚Environment, Ecology & ForestryEnvironmental Pollution and Toxicology
A city is located near a river and an industrial area. Over time, scientists observed the following:
i. Fish in the river showed bioaccumulation of a persistent chemical that caused neurological disorders in humans who consumed them.
ii. The air contained high levels of a gas that reacts with water to form acid rain, damaging monuments and crops.
iii. Soil had elevated heavy metal concentrations, leading to reduced fertility and toxicity in plants.
On the basis of the given observations, pair each cause (i, ii, iii) with the corresponding pollutant (a, b, c) and answer the correct statement:
a) Mercury
b) Sulfur dioxide
c) Lead
A) i -> a, ii -> b, iii -> c
B) i -> a, ii -> c, iii -> b
C) i -> b, ii -> c, iii -> a
D) i -> c, ii -> b, iii -> a
Explanation
Matching: i. Bioaccumulation in aquatic fish causing severe neurological disorders (Minamata syndrome) is caused by Mercury (a); ii. Gaseous emissions producing sulfuric acid precipitation (acid rain) correspond to Sulfur dioxide (b); iii. Toxic heavy metal accumulation in roadside and industrial soil is associated with Lead (c). Hence, i -> a, ii -> b, iii -> c.
सही मिलान: i. मछलियों में जैव संचय और न्यूरोलॉजिकल विकार (मिनीमाता रोग) - पारा (Mercury, a); ii. जल के साथ मिलकर अम्ल वर्षा करने वाली गैस - सल्फर डाइऑक्साइड (b); iii. मृदा में विषाक्तता पैदा करने वाली भारी धातु - सीसा (Lead, c)। अतः सही विकल्प i -> a, ii -> b, iii -> c है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
200📚General Awareness & ScienceHistory of Jammu and Kashmir - Kashmir Sultanate
Match the following:
Kashmir Sultans:
i. Shams-ud-din Shah Mir
ii. Sikandar Butshikan
iii. Yusuf Shah Chak
Major Contribution/Title:
a. Establishment of the Sultanate in Kashmir in 1339 CE
b. Construction of the magnificent Jama Masjid in Srinagar in 1394 AD
c. The last Independent ruler of Kashmir
Choose the correct match:
A) i-a, ii-c, iii-b
B) i-b, ii-c, iii-a
C) i-a, ii-b, iii-c
D) i-b, ii-a, iii-c
Explanation
Correct matches: i. Shams-ud-din Shah Mir founded the Shah Mir dynasty and established the Kashmir Sultanate in 1339 CE (a); ii. Sultan Sikandar Butshikan built the grand Jamia Masjid in Nowhatta, Srinagar in 1394–1400 AD (b); iii. Yusuf Shah Chak was the last independent monarch of Kashmir before annexation by the Mughal Empire under Akbar in 1586 (c). Hence, i-a, ii-b, iii-c.
सही मिलान: i. शम्स-उद-दीन शाह मीर - 1339 ई. में कश्मीर सल्तनत की स्थापना (a); ii. सिकंदर बुतशिकन - 1394 ई. में श्रीनगर में जामा मस्जिद का निर्माण (b); iii. यूसुफ शाह चक - कश्मीर का अंतिम स्वतंत्र सुल्तान (c)। अतः सही मिलान i-a, ii-b, iii-c है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
201📚Environment, Ecology & ForestryWildlife Sanctuaries of Jammu & Kashmir
Match the following Wildlife sanctuaries with the districts they are located in:
Wildlife Sanctuaries:
i. Hirapora sanctuary
ii. Rajparian (Daksum) sanctuary
iii. Trikuta sanctuary
Specific Districts:
a. Reasi
b. Shopian
c. Anantnag
Choose the correct match:
Explanation
In Jammu & Kashmir:
- Hirapora Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Shopian district in the Pir Panjal range (famous for the Markhor) (i-b).
- Rajparian (Daksum) Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Anantnag district (famous for Hangul, musk deer) (ii-c).
- Trikuta Wildlife Sanctuary encompasses the Trikuta hills (site of the Vaishno Devi shrine) in Reasi district (iii-a).
Thus, the correct match is i-b, ii-c, iii-a.
जम्मू और कश्मीर के वन्यजीव अभयारण्य:
- हीरापोरा वन्यजीव अभयारण्य: शोपियां जिले में पीर पंजाल श्रृंखला में स्थित (मारखोर के लिए प्रसिद्ध) (i-b)
- राजपरियां (डकसुम) वन्यजीव अभयारण्य: अनंतनाग जिले में स्थित (ii-c)
- त्रिकुटा वन्यजीव अभयारण्य: रियासी जिले में माता वैष्णो देवी की त्रिकुटा पहाड़ियों में स्थित (iii-a)
अतः सही मिलान i-b, ii-c, iii-a (विकल्प C) है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department
202📚
Given below are four scattered segments of a sentence. Indicate the correct sequence that correctly assembles the segments and completes the sentence:
P. sustainable economic growth
Q. collaborative efforts among
R. can only be achieved through
S. government agencies and private enterprises
The most appropriate sequence is:
Explanation
The coherent grammatical sentence is: "Sustainable economic growth (P) can only be achieved through (R) collaborative efforts among (Q) government agencies and private enterprises (S)." Thus, P-R-Q-S.
सटीक और अर्थपूर्ण वाक्य है: "Sustainable economic growth (P) can only be achieved through (R) collaborative efforts among (Q) government agencies and private enterprises (S)।" अतः क्रम P-R-Q-S है।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)
203📚
Consider the following statements regarding impact prediction and assessment:
I. Impacts on air, water, biota, noise, cultural, and socio-economic environment are normally assessed in an EIA.
II. Cultural heritage sites and socio-economic structures are excluded from EIA coverage.
III. The impact of construction and infrastructure development on land typically includes habitat loss, soil erosion, and water-related pollution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Statements I and III are correct. Statement II is incorrect because cultural heritage, historical monuments, and socio-economic displacement are explicitly included in EIA terms of reference. Thus, I and III only are correct.
कथन I और III सही हैं। कथन II गलत है क्योंकि सांस्कृतिक विरासत और सामाजिक-आर्थिक संरचनाएं EIA अध्ययन का अनिवार्य हिस्सा होती हैं। अतः केवल I और III सही हैं।
2026JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department
204📚General Awareness & National Current Affairsgeneral-science-physics-chemistry-biology
The BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) was established primarily for:
Explanation
The New Development Bank (NDB), established by the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) in 2014 at the Fortaleza Summit, was founded to mobilize resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging market economies and developing countries.
ब्रिक्स देशों द्वारा 2014 के फोर्टालेजा शिखर सम्मेलन में स्थापित न्यू डेवलपमेंट बैंक (NDB) का मुख्य उद्देश्य ब्रिक्स और अन्य उभरती बाजार अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में सतत विकास हेतु बुनियादी ढांचा (Infrastructure) परियोजनाओं के लिए वित्तीय संसाधन जुटाना है।
2016SSCStaff Selection Commission