General EnglishGeneral English

Articles & Prepositions

Usage of definite and indefinite articles (A, An, The) with exceptions, and correct application of prepositions of time, place, direction, and fixed prepositional phrases.

SOLVED MCQS

404

PAPERS APPEARED

97 / 122

FREQUENCY RATE

80%

AVG / EXAM

4.2

📊Past Exam Appearance Breakdown97 Exams

Tap to View Breakdown ▾

Patwari (2024)16 Qs

Telephone Operator / Pump Operator / Mechanic Cum Mistri (2025)15 Qs

Inspector FPF (2026)12 Qs

Assistant Secretary - Head Assistant (2025)11 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Physics) (2024)9 Qs

Social Forestry Worker (2026)9 Qs

FPF Guard (2026)9 Qs

Cleaner (2025)8 Qs

Screen Technician / Supervisor (2025)8 Qs

Public Address System Operator (PASO) (2025)8 Qs

Food Safety Officer (2025)8 Qs

Data Entry Operator (2025)8 Qs

Wildlife Guard (2026)8 Qs

Matric Level Posts (2024)7 Qs

Veterinary Pharmacist / Stock Assistant (2024)7 Qs

Laboratory Assistant (2025)7 Qs

Veterinary Pharmacist (2025)7 Qs

Foreman (2025)7 Qs

Junior Engineer (Civil) (2025)7 Qs

CGL Tier-1 (11 Sep Shift 1) (2016)7 Qs

Constable (Executive/Armed/IRP/SDRF) (2024)6 Qs

Field Assistant (2023)6 Qs

Stock Assistant (2024)6 Qs

Scientist - 'A' (2025)6 Qs

Panchayat Secretary (2025)6 Qs

Junior Engineer (Skill Development) (2025)6 Qs

Audio Visual Mechanic (2025)6 Qs

Medical Physics Technician (2025)6 Qs

Lab Assistant (Forest/Ecology & Environment) (2025)6 Qs

Career Counseling Officer (2025)6 Qs

EDUSAT Assistant (2025)6 Qs

Gardener / Farash / Traffic Orderly / MTS / Khansama-III (2025)6 Qs

Dhobi (2025)6 Qs

Chemist (2023)5 Qs

Graduate Level Posts (2024)5 Qs

Junior Assistant cum Computer Operator (2023)5 Qs

Panchayat Secretary (VLW) (2023)5 Qs

Laboratory Attendant (2026)5 Qs

Inspector (Finance) (2024)4 Qs

Junior Assistant (2024)4 Qs

Matric Level Posts (2023)4 Qs

Matric Level Posts (Series A - Shift 2) (2024)4 Qs

Junior/Senior Radiotherapy Technician (2025)4 Qs

Animal Keeper (2025)4 Qs

Educator - Cum - Studio Assistant (2025)4 Qs

Website Operator (2026)4 Qs

Junior Assistant (2026)4 Qs

Field Assistant (2026)4 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Ballistics) (2024)3 Qs

Constable (Photographer) (2024)3 Qs

Junior Stenographer / Junior Scale Stenographer (2024)3 Qs

Sub Inspector (Finance) (2024)3 Qs

Supervisor (Social Welfare Department) (2024)3 Qs

Drug Control Officer (2025)3 Qs

Junior Librarian (2025)3 Qs

Assistant Food Analyst (2025)3 Qs

Psychiatric Social Worker / Drug De-Addiction Counsellor (2025)3 Qs

Junior Scientific Assistant (2025)3 Qs

Assistant Superintendent Jails (2025)3 Qs

Accounts Assistant (Finance) (2024)2 Qs

Constable (Telecommunication) (2024)2 Qs

Draftsman (Civil) (2023)2 Qs

Field Inspector (2023)2 Qs

Junior Engineer (Civil) (2023)2 Qs

Electrician (2025)2 Qs

Electrician Grade-II (2025)2 Qs

Photographer (2025)2 Qs

Junior Microbiologist (2025)2 Qs

Technical Officer (2025)2 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Crime Scene) (2026)2 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Chemistry and Toxicology) (2026)2 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Chemistry & Toxicology) (2024)1 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (DNA) (2024)1 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Narcotics) (2024)1 Qs

Data Entry Operator (2023)1 Qs

Driver (2023)1 Qs

Deputy Inspector Fisheries (2024)1 Qs

Urdu Typist (2024)1 Qs

Clinical Psychologist (2025)1 Qs

Plumber (2025)1 Qs

Refrigerator Mechanic (2025)1 Qs

Remedial Therapist Special Educator (2025)1 Qs

Sanitary Inspector (2025)1 Qs

Conservation Assistant (2025)1 Qs

Medical Record Keeper (2025)1 Qs

Film Production Assistant (2025)1 Qs

Medical Record Technician (2025)1 Qs

Laboratory Technician (2025)1 Qs

Receptionist (2025)1 Qs

Chemical Assistant (2025)1 Qs

Laboratory Technician (Agriculture / Horticulture) (2025)1 Qs

Cameraman (2025)1 Qs

Driver (2025)1 Qs

Canning Instructor / Instructor Canning (2025)1 Qs

Plant Protection Operator / Field Assistant-II / Lab Assistant (2025)1 Qs

Statistical Assistant (2025)1 Qs

Assistant Scientific Officer (Documents) (2026)1 Qs

📝 Solved Questions on Articles & Prepositions (404)

Start Timed Test (404 Qs)Self-Paced Practice

1📚General EnglishPrepositions

Insert the proper preposition in the sentence:

He hinted ___ some loss of treasure.

Explanation

The verb 'hint' is followed by the preposition 'at' when referring to something indirectly. Thus, 'hinted at'.

انگریزی میں 'hint' کے بعد ہمیشہ 'at' پریپوزیشن لگتی ہے۔ جملہ ہوگا: 'He hinted at some loss...'

2024JKSSBFinance Department

2📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank with a suitable article:

The Sun rises in the east and sets in ___ west.

Explanation

Directions (east, west, north, south) take the definite article 'the' when preceded by a preposition. Therefore, 'sets in the west'.

جغرافیائی سمتوں (directions) جیسے مشرق، مغرب، وغیرہ سے پہلے ہمیشہ ڈیفینیٹ آرٹیکل 'the' لگایا جاتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

3📚Firearms & Ammunition ExaminationArms Act

Which of the following means ammunition, as per Indian Arms Act, 1959?

i. Rocket.
ii. Noxious liquid
iii. Charges for firearm.

Explanation

Section 2(b) of the Indian Arms Act, 1959 defines 'ammunition' to include rockets, noxious liquid/gas-producing articles, and propellant charges/cartridges for firearms.

بھارتی اسلحہ ایکٹ 1959 کے تحت، بارود (ammunition) کی تعریف میں راکٹ، نقصان دہ مائع (noxious liquid) پیدا کرنے والے آلات، اور گولیوں کے چارجز تینوں شامل ہیں۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

4📚Firearms & Ammunition ExaminationWound Ballistics

The range which commences beyond the limit of flame zone and extends up to the distance to which the gunpowder residues could be projected in the area surrounding the wound of entrance is

Explanation

The 'Near range' (or close range) is the zone beyond the burning flame where unburnt/semi-burnt gunpowder particles are projected, creating powder tattooing (stippling) on the skin.

وہ فاصلہ جو شعلے کے زون سے آگے ہوتا ہے لیکن وہاں تک گولی کے بارود کے ذرات (tattooing) جلد پر نشان چھوڑ سکتے ہیں، اسے نیئر رینج (Near range) یا قریب کا فاصلہ کہتے ہیں۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

5📚Forensic Physics & General KnowledgeGSR Analysis

The most impressive and effective method to evaluate GSR is

Explanation

Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) is the gold standard for GSR analysis because it allows identification of both the chemical composition and the spherical morphology of individual particles.

بارود کے بقایا جات (GSR) کے تجزیہ کا سب سے بہترین اور معتبر طریقہ اسکیننگ الیکٹران مائیکروسکوپ (SEM) ہے، جو ذرات کی بناوٹ اور کیمیکل دونوں کو چیک کرتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

6📚Forensic Toxicology & PharmacologyCell Biology

What do you mean by Phagocytosis?

Explanation

Phagocytosis is a cellular absorption/ingestion phenomenon where a cell engulfs solid particles or pathogens.

فیگوسائٹوسس (Phagocytosis) خلیات کے ذریعے بیرونی ذرات یا جراثیم کو ہضم کرنے یا جذب کرنے کا ایک عمل (Absorption phenomenon) ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

7📚Biochemistry & Human PhysiologyImpression Evidence

Electrostatic lifting device can be used to collect which of the following evidence from crime scene?

Explanation

An Electrostatic Dust Print Lifter (EDPL) applies a high-voltage charge to a metallized plastic sheet, drawing dry dust particles from footwear impressions on floors or carpets onto the film.

الیکٹرو سٹیٹک لفٹنگ ڈیوائس کا استعمال فرش پر موجود خشک مٹی یا دھول کے جوتوں کے نشانات (Dusty footprints) کو اٹھانے کے لیے کیا جاتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

8📚General Knowledge & Analytical ChemistryHPLC Columns

Following column packing materials are available in HPLC:

Explanation

HPLC columns can utilize various packing materials: microporous particles (porous throughout), pellicular particles (solid core with porous outer layer), or chemically bonded phases (stationary phase covalently bound to silica). Therefore, all are available.

ایچ پی ایل سی (HPLC) کالموں کی بھرائی کے لیے مائیکرو پورس، پیلیکولر اور بانڈڈ فیز، یہ تمام مٹیریل کثرت سے دستیاب ہوتے ہیں۔ اس لیے جواب 'اوپر کے تمام' (All of the above) ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

9📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationNanotechnology

What is the primary characteristic of nanoparticles and nanotubes in the context of forensic science?

Explanation

Nanoparticles and nanotubes are characterized by their nanoscale dimensions. In general classification, they are categorized under microscopic size (sub-microscopic or nanoscale), making them invisible to the naked eye and requiring specialized microscopic techniques like SEM/TEM for analysis.

فارنزک سائنس میں نینو پارٹیکلز اور نینو ٹیوبز کی بنیادی خصوصیت ان کا انتہائی باریک یعنی خوردبینی سائز (microscopic size / nanoscale) ہونا ہے، جس کے تجزیے کے لیے اسکیننگ الیکٹران مائیکروسکوپ کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

10📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationQuantum Mechanics

In the domain of quantum mechanics, what fundamental property of particles at the nanoscale contributes to the unique characteristics of nanomaterials?

Explanation

At the nanoscale (typically 1-100 nm), the physical and chemical properties of materials are dominated by microscopic quantum behavior (such as quantum confinement and wave-particle duality), which differs significantly from bulk properties.

کوانٹم میکانکس کے مطابق، نینو اسکیل پر ذرات کا خوردبینی کوانٹم طرزِ عمل (Microscopic quantum behaviour) ہی نینو میٹریلز کی منفرد طبیعی اور کیمیائی خصوصیات کا سبب بنتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

11📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationNanotechnology

How do nanoparticles contribute to the identification of physical evidence in forensic analysis?

Explanation

Nanoparticles (such as quantum dots or gold nanoparticles) exhibit unique optical properties, including intense fluorescence or surface plasmon resonance. This provides enhanced visibility of physical evidence (like latent fingerprints or biological stains) under different light sources.

نینو پارٹیکلز (جیسے کوانٹم ڈاٹس) مختلف روشنی کے ذرائع (UV یا لیزر) کے تحت شواہد کی نمائش اور چمک (enhanced visibility) کو بڑھا دیتے ہیں، جو انگلیوں کے پوشیدہ نشانات کو واضح کرنے میں مددگار ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

12📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationNanotechnology

What makes nanoparticles and nanotubes feasible tools for forensic evidence analysis?

Explanation

Nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes are highly stable and exhibit excellent resistance to environmental factors (such as heat, light, and humidity), ensuring that forensic markers or tags remain intact and detectable over time.

نینو پارٹیکلز اور نینو ٹیوبز ماحولیاتی عوامل (جیسے گرمی، نمی اور روشنی) کے خلاف مزاحمت (resistance to environmental factors) رکھتے ہیں، جس کی وجہ سے یہ فارنزک شواہد کی جانچ کے لیے موزوں آلات بنتے ہیں۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

13📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationSoil Analysis

In forensic investigations, what can be observed through microscopic examination of soil particles?

Explanation

Microscopic analysis of soil allows forensic scientists to identify specific mineral grains, biological remnants (pollen, diatoms), plant debris, and other organic/inorganic materials that are highly characteristic of a location.

خوردبین کے ذریعے مٹی کے ذرات کا معائنہ کرنے سے اس میں موجود مخصوص معدنیات اور نامیاتی مادوں (Presence of minerals and organic matter) کا پتا چلتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

14📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationCement Analysis

Which physical property of cement is crucial in determining the setting time, an important parameter in construction applications?

Explanation

The fineness of cement (particle size distribution) determines its specific surface area. Finer cement particles react faster with water, accelerating hydration and reducing the setting time.

سیمنٹ کی باریکی (Fineness) اس کے جمنے کے وقت (setting time) کو طے کرتی ہے؛ جتنے باریک ذرات ہوں گے، ہائیڈریشن اتنی ہی تیزی سے ہوگی۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

15📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationNuclear Analytical Methods

What is the primary advantage of using neutron sources in neutron activation analysis over other radiation sources?

Explanation

Neutrons interact directly with atomic nuclei rather than shell electrons. This yields highly specific nuclear reactions with minimal background interference from the matrix compared to electron/charged particle methods.

نیوٹران ایکٹیویشن تجزیہ میں نیوٹران کے استعمال کا فائدہ یہ ہے کہ اس سے پس منظر کے شور یا مداخلت میں کمی (Lower interference from background radiation) ہوتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

16📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationNuclear Physics

In a nuclear reaction, if an alpha particle is emitted, what change occurs in the atomic number and mass number of the nucleus?

Explanation

An alpha particle is a helium nucleus (

^4_2\text{He}

). Emitting an alpha particle decreases the atomic number (

Z

) by 2 and the mass number (

A

) by 4. Thus, both decrease.

الفا ذرہ خارج ہونے سے ایٹمی نمبر میں 2 کی اور ماس نمبر میں 4 کی کمی واقع ہوتی ہے، یعنی دونوں میں کمی (both decrease) آتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

17📚Forensic Physics & InstrumentationSoil Analysis

Which size of soil partial is termed as clay?

Explanation

In soil texture classification, clay particles are defined as having a diameter of less than 0.002 mm (or < 2 micrometers).

مٹی کی بناوٹ میں کلے (clay) سے مراد وہ ذرات ہیں جن کا قطر 0.002mm سے چھوٹا ہو۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Forensic Science Laboratory)

18📚Organic ChemistryIndian Polity

By which name/names is our country mentioned in the Constitution?

Explanation

Article 1 of the Constitution of India states: 'India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.' Thus, both India and Bharat are the official names mentioned.

ہندوستانی آئین کے آرٹیکل 1 میں ملک کو 'انڈیا، یعنی بھارت' (India, that is Bharat) کے نام سے پکارا گیا ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department

19📚Organic ChemistryIndian Polity

Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the abolition of untouchability?

Explanation

Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form, making it a punishable offense.

آئینِ ہند کا آرٹیکل 17 چھوا چھوت یا غیر چھوت (untouchability) کے خاتمے اور اس پر عمل کو قانوناً جرم قرار دینے سے متعلق ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department

20📚Organic ChemistryArticles

Fill in the blank: "________ unit means a measurement."

Explanation

The word 'unit' begins with a consonant sound /juː/ (like 'Y-o-u'), so the indefinite article 'a' is used before it.

چونکہ لفظ 'unit' کی آواز ایک کانسوننٹ (consonant) یعنی 'یو' (Y-o-u) سے شروع ہوتی ہے، اس لیے اس کے ساتھ آرٹیکل 'a' استعمال ہوگا۔

2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department

21📚Physical ChemistryIndian Constitution

Which Article of the Indian Constitution states the directive principles of state policy on 'Promotion of international peace and security'?

Explanation

Article 51 of the Indian Constitution directs the State to endeavor to promote international peace and security, maintain just and honorable relations between nations, and foster respect for international law.

ہندوستانی آئین کا آرٹیکل 51 بین الاقوامی امن اور سلامتی کو فروغ دینے کے لیے رہنما اصول فراہم کرتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department

22📚Analytical & Instrumental ChemistryArticles

Fill in the blanks: ________ children recited ________ poem in ________ honour of ________ Prime Minister.

Explanation

The complete sentence is: 'The children recited a poem in the honour of the Prime Minister.' (Note: the printed question text had only three blanks, but the options had four article items. It is resolved by placing 'the' before children, 'a' before poem, 'the' before honour, and 'the' before Prime Minister).

صحیح جملہ یہ ہے: 'The children recited a poem in the honour of the Prime Minister.' یعنی آپشن D درست ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest Ecology and Environment Department

23📚General EnglishArticles

Sarah was excited to visit _____ Eiffel Tower during her trip to Paris.

Explanation

'The' is used before unique geographical monuments (the Eiffel Tower). Names of cities (Paris) do not take an article.

منفرد جغرافیائی یادگاروں (Eiffel Tower) سے پہلے 'the' استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ شہروں کے ناموں (Paris) سے پہلے کوئی آرٹیکل نہیں لگتا۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

24📚General EnglishArticles

Eating _____ orange and _____ banana together may cause digestive issues because they have different digestion rates.

Explanation

'an' is used before 'orange' because it starts with a vowel sound. 'a' is used before 'banana' because it starts with a consonant sound.

حرف علت (vowel sound) سے شروع ہونے والے لفظ (orange) سے پہلے 'an' اور حرف صحیح (consonant sound) سے شروع ہونے والے لفظ (banana) سے پہلے 'a' لگتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

25📚General Knowledge & AwarenessPolity

Which language is primarily used for delivering judgments and legal documentation in the Supreme Court of India?

Explanation

Article 348(1) of the Constitution of India provides that all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court shall be in the English language.

آئین ہند کی دفعہ 348(1) کے تحت سپریم کورٹ کی تمام کارروائیاں اور فیصلے انگریزی زبان میں ہوں گے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

26📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank using suitable articles. When no article is required, select no article among the given options. John decided to enroll in _____ MBA program at _____ University to enhance his business skills.

Explanation

Use 'an' before 'MBA' because it begins with a vowel sound (/ɛm/). Use 'a' before 'University' because it begins with a consonant sound (/juː/).

پروگرام میں 'MBA' سے پہلے 'an' لگے گا کیونکہ اس کا تلفظ حرفِ علت کی آواز (/ɛm/) سے شروع ہوتا ہے۔ 'University' سے پہلے 'a' لگے گا کیونکہ اس کا تلفظ حرفِ صحیح کی آواز (/juː/) سے شروع ہوتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

27📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank using suitable articles. When no article is required, select no article among the given options. I work at _____ company in New York. _____ company is called Global Tech Solutions.

Explanation

'a' is used for the first mention of a non-specific singular countable noun ('a company'). 'the' is used for the second mention because the company has now been specified.

پہلی بار کسی غیر مخصوص کمپنی کا ذکر کرنے کے لیے 'a company' استعمال ہوگا، اور جب دوسری بار اسی مخصوص کمپنی کا ذکر ہو تو 'the company' استعمال ہوگا۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

28📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions from the alternatives given below. As they navigated through the dense forest, they stumbled _____ an ancient ruin that was hidden beneath the overgrown vegetation.

Explanation

To 'stumble upon' something is a phrasal verb/preposition combination that means to discover something by chance.

'Stumble upon' کا مطلب ہے اچانک یا اتفاقاً کوئی چیز دریافت کر لینا یا اس سے ٹکرا جانا۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

29📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions from the alternatives given below. She walked _____ the bustling market, taking in the vibrant colors and enticing scents of fresh produce and spices.

Explanation

To walk 'through' a location means to enter it and move to the other side or move around inside it, which fits a market context.

بازار کے ایک سرے سے دوسرے سرے تک گزرنے یا اس کے اندر چلنے کے لیے 'through' (کے درمیان سے / کے ذریعے) کا استعمال بالکل درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

30📚General Awareness & Current AffairsIndian Constitution

The right to move freely throughout the territory of India comes under which Article of the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

The right to move freely throughout the territory of India is guaranteed under Article 19(1)(d) as a Fundamental Right.

پورے ہندوستان میں آزادانہ نقل و حرکت کا حق آئین ہند کے آرٹیکل 19 (دفعہ 19) کے تحت ایک بنیادی حق کے طور پر فراہم کیا گیا ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

31📚General Awareness & Current AffairsJ&K History

Arrange the following events in chronological order:

i. Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act 2019.
ii. Sadar-i-Riyasat re-designated as Governor.
iii. Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir adopted.
iv. Article 370 grants special status to Jammu and Kashmir.
Choose the correct option.

Explanation

The chronological order is: iv) Article 370 drafted/enacted (1949), iii) J&K Constitution adopted (November 17, 1956), ii) Sadar-i-Riyasat re-designated as Governor (1965), and i) J&K Reorganisation Act (2019). This corresponds to: iv, iii, ii, i.

واقعات کی تاریخی ترتیب مندرجہ ذیل ہے: (iv) آرٹیکل 370 کا نفاذ (1949)، (iii) جموں و کشمیر کا آئین اپنانا (1956)، (ii) صدرِ ریاست کا عہدہ تبدیل کر کے گورنر بنانا (1965)، اور (i) جموں و کشمیر تنظیمِ نو ایکٹ (2019)۔ یہ ترتیب iv, iii, ii, i بنتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

32📚General EnglishError Spotting

Find out which part of a sentence has an error.

After knowing truth, (a)/ they took the right decision (b)/ in the matter. (c)/ No error (d)

Explanation

The error is in part (a). The definite article 'the' is missing before 'truth'. It should be 'After knowing the truth'.

غلطی حصہ (a) میں ہے۔ لفظ 'truth' سے پہلے آرٹیکل 'the' کا استعمال ضروری ہے، یعنی 'After knowing the truth' ہونا چاہیے۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

33📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank.

Everyone in this world is accountable to God _____ his actions.

Explanation

The preposition 'for' is used after 'accountable' to indicate the thing/actions a person is responsible for. Thus, 'accountable to God for his actions'.

کسی چیز یا عمل کے لیے جوابدہ ہونے کے واسطے 'accountable' کے بعد 'for' استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ یعنی اپنے اعمال کے لیے خدا کے حضور جوابدہ ہونا۔

2024JKSSBHome Department (Police)

34📚📚 Social ScienceIndian Constitution

'Equal pay for equal work' has been ensured in the Indian Constitution as which of the following?

Explanation

Article 39(d) under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) of the Indian Constitution ensures equal pay for equal work for both men and women.

آئین ہند کے رہنما اصول (DPSP) کے تحت آرٹیکل 39(d) مردوں اور عورتوں دونوں کے لیے یکساں کام کے لیے یکساں اجرت کو یقینی بناتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBInformation Technology Department

35📚Engineering Drawing & CADBricks

Choose the right sequence of stages during burning/firing of bricks is

Explanation

The firing of bricks follows these sequential stages: 1. Dehydration (or water smoking, up to 650°C) to remove moisture. 2. Oxidation (650°C - 900°C) to burn organic matters. 3. Vitrification (900°C - 1100°C) where clay particles fuse into a glassy mass. 4. Cooling.

اینٹوں کے پکنے کا درست تسلسل ہے: 1. پانی کا اخراج (Dehydration)، 2. آکسیڈیشن (Oxidation - نامیاتی مادوں کا جلنا)، 3. وِٹری فیکیشن (Vitrification - گلاس جیسا سخت بننا)، 4. ٹھنڈا ہونا (Cooling)۔ اس لیے آپشن A درست ہے۔

2023JKSSBJal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department

36📚Estimating, Costing & ValuationRailway Track

Which of the following is not a requirement of a good ballast for a railway track?

Explanation

Good railway ballast should be angular and rough (not rounded) to ensure proper interlocking of the ballast particles, which holds the sleepers firmly in position against lateral movement.

ریلوے ٹریک کے لیے گٹی/بیلسٹ (Ballast) گول (Rounded) نہیں ہونی چاہیے، بلکہ نکیلی اور کٹی ہوئی ہونی چاہیے تاکہ وہ آپس میں اچھی طرح جڑ سکے اور سلیپر کو ہلنے نہ دے۔

2023JKSSBJal Shakti / PW(R&B) Department

37📚Safe Driving & Vehicle MaintenanceOptics & Scattering

Yellow colour light is most preferred than white colour, as a fog light because

Explanation

Yellow light has a longer wavelength than green, blue, or violet parts of white light, making it subject to less scattering by fog particles (Rayleigh scattering). It penetrates better and is highly visible (conspicuous) without blinding reflection.

پیلی روشنی کی طولِ موج (wavelength) سفید روشنی کے نیلے/سبز رنگوں سے زیادہ ہوتی ہے، اس لیے یہ دھند میں کم بکھرتی ہے اور زیادہ دور تک دکھائی دیتی ہے۔

2023JKSSBState Motor Garages Department

38📚🔭 ScienceFisheries Policy

Number of articles in Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries

Explanation

The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), adopted in 1995, consists of 12 main articles covering objectives, principles, and management guidelines.

اقوام متحدہ کے ادارہ برائے خوراک و زراعت (FAO) کے ذمہ دارانہ ماہی گیری کے ضابطہ اخلاق (CCRF) میں کل 12 آرٹیکلز (مضامین) شامل ہیں۔

2024JKSSBAnimal/Sheep Husbandry and Fisheries Department

39📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KIndian Polity & Constitution

Which Article of the Constitution of India details the procedure for amending the Constitution?

Explanation

Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution of India grants power to Parliament to amend the Constitution and details the procedure for doing so.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

40📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KIndian Polity & Constitution

Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House of Parliament)?

Explanation

According to Article 64 of the Indian Constitution, the Vice-President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha).

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

41📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KIndian Polity & Constitution

The Right to Education was added as a Fundamental Right under Article 21A by which Constitutional Amendment Act?

Explanation

The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, inserted Article 21A, making free and compulsory education for children between the ages of 6 and 14 a Fundamental Right.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

42📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KIndian Polity & Constitution

Who appoints the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India?

Explanation

Under Article 148 of the Indian Constitution, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India is appointed by the President of India by warrant under his hand and seal.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

43📚General EnglishIndian Polity & Constitution

Which Article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Equality?

Explanation

Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

44📚General EnglishIndian Polity & Constitution

What is the minimum age required to contest elections for the Lok Sabha in India?

Explanation

Article 84(b) of the Constitution of India provides that the minimum age to be eligible for election as a member of the Lok Sabha is 25 years.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

45📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank with the appropriate article: 'She is ________ MBA graduate.'

Explanation

Even though 'M' is a consonant letter, the word 'MBA' starts with a vowel sound /em/. Hence, the article 'an' is appropriate.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

46📚General EnglishError Detection

Identify the part of the sentence containing an error: 'She has been working (A) / in this office (B) / since five years (C) / No error (D)'

Explanation

For a duration of time (five years), the preposition 'for' should be used instead of 'since'. It should read 'for five years'.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

47📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition: 'He is senior ________ me in service.'

Explanation

Adjectives like senior, junior, superior, inferior, prior, etc., are followed by the preposition 'to' instead of 'than'.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

48📚Knowledge of Computer ApplicationsPrepositions

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition: 'She is very good ________ English.'

Explanation

We use 'good at' something (e.g., 'good at English', 'good at sports') to indicate skill or proficiency.

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

49📚General Intelligence & ReasoningProfit & Loss

A shopkeeper sells an article for

\text{Rs. } 540

at a loss of

10\%

. At what price should he sell the article to gain

10\%

Explanation

Selling Price (

SP_1

) =

\text{Rs. } 540

10\%

loss.
This means

SP_1 = 90\%

of Cost Price (

CP

0.90 \times CP = 540 \implies CP = \frac{540}{0.90} = 600

.
To gain

10\%

, the new selling price (

SP_2

) must be:

SP_2 = 1.10 \times CP = 1.10 \times 600 = 660

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

50📚📜 Environmental Law & GovernanceNational Green Tribunal & Constitution

Among the following, which all articles in the Indian constitution are related to National Green Tribunal?
a. Article 24
b. Article 21
c. Article 48 A
d. Article 51-A(g)

Explanation

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established under the NGT Act 2010 drawing inspiration from Article 21 (Right to a healthy environment), Article 48A (Duty of the State to protect the environment and forests), and Article 51A(g) (Fundamental duty of citizens to protect nature). Article 24 pertains to the prohibition of child labour in factories.

نیشنل گرین ٹریبونل (NGT) آئین کے آرٹیکل 21، آرٹیکل 48A اور آرٹیکل 51A(g) سے منسلک ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

51📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringColloidal Solids & Coagulation

The size of colloidal solids in waste water are in the range of

Explanation

Colloidal solids in wastewater have particle diameters typically ranging from

1\text{ nm}

100\text{ nm}

(or

10^{-3}\text{ }\mu\text{m}

0.1\text{ }\mu\text{m}

). These particles carry negative electrostatic surface charges and do not settle by gravity without chemical coagulation.

سیوریج میں کولائیڈل ذرات کا سائز 1 نینو میٹر سے 100 نینو میٹر کی حد میں ہوتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

52📚📜 Environmental Law & GovernanceStockholm Conference & EPA History

The Environment Protection Act 1986 was enacted following the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at

Explanation

India enacted the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution to implement the decisions taken at the landmark United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in June 1972.

ہندوستان نے جون 1972 میں اسٹاک ہوم (Stockholm) میں منعقدہ اقوام متحدہ کی ماحولیاتی کانفرنس کے فیصلوں پر عمل کرتے ہوئے EPA 1986 پاس کیا۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

53📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringCoagulation & Flocculation

Coagulation is the process of:

Explanation

Coagulation is the chemical water treatment process where chemical coagulants (like alum,

Al_2(SO_4)_3

) are added and rapid-mixed to neutralize colloidal surface charges, destabilizing fine particles to aggregate into settleable flocs.

کوایگولیشن (Coagulation) وہ عمل ہے جس میں کیمیکلز ملا کر باریک ذرات کے گچھے (Flocs) بنائے جاتے ہیں۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

54📚🧪 Chemistry & Water QualityWater Quality Parameters: TSS

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in water represent:

Explanation

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is the dry weight of suspended non-filterable solid particles in a water sample that are retained by a standard glass fiber filter disc with a nominal pore size of

1.5\text{ }\mu\text{m}

2.0\text{ }\mu\text{m}

upon drying at

103^\circ\text{C}

105^\circ\text{C}

ٹوٹل سسپینڈڈ سالڈز (TSS) سے مراد پانی میں موجود وہ ٹھوس ذرات ہیں جو فلٹر پیپر پر رک جاتے ہیں۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

55📚🏗️ Environmental EngineeringSedimentation Tank Hydraulic Zones

Arrange the following zones of sedimentation tank in sequence as per the flow of water processes in the tank.
1. Outlet zone
2. Inlet zone
3. Sludge zone
4. Settling zone

Explanation

In a continuous flow horizontal sedimentation tank, the sequence along the water path is: 2. Inlet zone (distributes incoming flow evenly) → 4. Settling zone (where particles settle) → 3. Sludge zone (at the tank bottom collecting settled solids) → 1. Outlet zone (where clarified water is discharged).

سیڈیمینٹیشن ٹینک کے زونز کی درست ترتیب: انلیٹ زون (2) ← سیٹلنگ زون (4) ← سلج زون (3) ← آؤٹلیٹ زون (1)۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

56📚Ecology & Environmental BiologyWater Quality Parameters: Turbidity

Which among the following causes turbidity in water?

Explanation

Turbidity (cloudiness or haziness in water) is caused by individual non-settling suspended solids, fine clay, silt, colloidal matter, and micro-particles that scatter and absorb light rays.

پانی میں گدلاپن (Turbidity) معلق ٹھوس ذرات (Suspended Solids) اور باریک مٹی کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

57📚Water Quality & Wastewater Engineering42nd Constitutional Amendment & Environment

Which amendment explicitly incorporated Article 48-A and 51-A (g) into the Constitution?

Explanation

The landmark 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 inserted Article 48A (Directive Principle directing the State to protect and improve the environment) and Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty of citizens).

42ویں آئینی ترمیم 1976 کے ذریعے آئین میں ماحولیات سے متعلق آرٹیکل 48-A اور 51-A(g) شامل کیے گئے۔

2023JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

58📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsFundamental Duties & Amendments

Which constitutional amendment added the Fundamental Duties to the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

Fundamental Duties (Article 51A in Part IVA) were incorporated into the Indian Constitution on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee via the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976.

بنیادی فرائض کو 42ویں آئینی ترمیم 1976 کے ذریعے آئین کے آرٹیکل 51A میں شامل کیا گیا۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

59📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsEmergency Provisions & Fundamental Rights

Which Article of the Indian constitution describes the effect of a national emergency on fundamental rights?

Explanation

Articles 358 (automatic suspension of Fundamental Rights guaranteed under Article 19) and 359 (suspension of the enforcement of other fundamental rights except Articles 20 and 21) describe the effect of a National Emergency on fundamental rights.

آرٹیکل 358 اور 359 قومی ایمرجنسی کے دوران بنیادی حقوق کی معطلی کے اثرات کو بیان کرتے ہیں۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

60📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank using suitable articles. When no article is required, select no article among the given options.
The young man is in search of ________ employment because he is in ________ great financial crisis.

Explanation

'Employment' is an uncountable abstract noun used in a general sense (requiring no article), while 'crisis' is a countable singular noun modified by 'great' (requiring 'a').

'Employment' کے ساتھ کوئی آرٹیکل نہیں آئے گا اور 'crisis' کے ساتھ 'a' لگے گا۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

61📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
The child playing in the backyard was startled when a squirrel darted ________ the swing set.

Explanation

'Under' is the natural dynamic preposition of movement indicating passing beneath the structure of the swing set.

سوئنگ سیٹ کے نیچے سے تیزی سے گزرنے کے لیے 'under' کا استعمال درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

62📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
He climbed ________ the ladder to get onto the roof.

Explanation

'Up' is the standard preposition of direction used with climb ('climbed up the ladder').

سیڑھی چڑھنے کے لیے 'climbed up' کا استعمال درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

63📚📜 Indian Polity & ConstitutionFundamental Rights & 44th Amendment

Which of the following is NOT related to fundamental rights?

Explanation

The Right to Property was repealed as a Fundamental Right by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, and converted into a legal/constitutional right under Article 300A in Part XII.

حق جائیداد (Right to property) 44ویں ترمیم کے بعد بنیادی حق نہیں رہا بلکہ آرٹیکل 300A کے تحت ایک قانونی حق ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

64📚📜 Indian Polity & ConstitutionJoint Sitting of Parliament

Who presides over the joint sitting of Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha?

Explanation

Under Article 118(4) of the Indian Constitution, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over a joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament.

آئین کے آرٹیکل 118(4) کے تحت پارلیمنٹ کے دونوں ایوانوں کے مشترکہ اجلاس کی صدارت لوک سبھا کا اسپیکر کرتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

65📚📖 General EnglishRelative Pronouns

Fill in the blank with correct pronoun:
He is a famous scientist about ________ many books have been written.

Explanation

Prepositions take object pronouns ('about whom', not 'about who').

پریپوزیشن کے بعد مفعولی ضمیر 'whom' کا استعمال درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

66📚📖 General EnglishPrepositions

Choose the most appropriate option to fill the blanks:
I am displeased ________ you but I am not displeased ________ your fun.

Explanation

Standard preposition usage: 'displeased with a person' and 'displeased at an action/thing'.

شخص کے لیے 'displeased with' اور عمل کے لیے 'displeased at' استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

67📚🌱 Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical EngineeringShear Strength of Soils

Considering
(i) The structural resistance to displacement of the soil
(ii) Frictional resistance between the individual soil particles
(iii) Cohesion between the surface of the soil particles.
The Shear strength of a soil basically made up of these statements

Explanation

According to soil mechanics principles (Coulomb-Terzaghi criterion), shear strength consists of: (i) structural interlocking resistance against displacement, (ii) internal frictional resistance between grains (

sigma' \tan phi

), and (iii) true and apparent cohesion (

c

مٹی کی شیئر کی طاقت انٹرلاکنگ، رگڑ اور ہم آہنگی (i, ii اور iii) تینوں اجزاء سے مل کر بنتی ہے۔

2023JKSSBPublic Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

68📚⚙️ Engineering MechanicsVarignon's Theorem of Moments

"If a number of coplanar forces acting on a particle are in equilibrium, then the algebraic sum of their moments about any point is equal to the moment of their resultant force about the same point" is

Explanation

Varignon's Theorem of Moments (Principle of Moments) states that the moment of the resultant of a system of concurrent/coplanar forces about any point equals the algebraic sum of the moments of its individual component forces about that point.

یہ ویرگنن کا تھیورم (Varignon's Theorem) ہے جو قوتوں کے مومنٹس کے اصول کو بیان کرتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBPublic Works Department (R&B) / Jal Shakti

69📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KArticles & Determiners

I saw ______ good deal of him during ______ war.

Explanation

The idiomatic quantitative phrase is 'a good deal of' (meaning a great deal/lot), and 'the war' refers to a specific known historical conflict. Correct: "I saw a good deal of him during the war."

صحیح آرٹیکلز: 'a' good deal of him during 'the' war (Option D)۔

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

70📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KPrepositions

He gave a talk ______ the causes of dengue fever.

Explanation

The standard preposition used when delivering a lecture or presentation on a subject matter is 'talk on': "He gave a talk on the causes of dengue fever."

کسی موضوع پر تقریر یا گفتگو کے لیے 'talk on' استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

71📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KPrepositions

The kitchen is ______ the back of the house.

Explanation

Specific locational position uses 'at the back of': "The kitchen is at the back of the house."

مقام کے تعین کے لیے 'at the back of' درست فقرہ ہے۔

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

72📚General EnglishArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blanks with correct options.
He formed _____ close friendship with _____ group.

Explanation

'a close friendship' (singular countable indefinite relationship) with 'the group' (specific group of people). Correct: "He formed a close friendship with the group."

صحیح آرٹیکلز: 'a' close friendship with 'the' group (Option C)۔

2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

73📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KPrepositions

The Railway track runs _____ the river?

Explanation

'Runs across' is the standard spatial idiom for a track, line, or bridge spanning from one bank/side of a river to the opposite side.

ایک کنارے سے دوسرے کنارے تک جانے کے لیے 'across' کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے: "runs across the river".

2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

74📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KPronoun Cases

The market is nearer to them than _____?

Explanation

In prepositional comparison where the first object is in objective case ('to them'), the parallel comparing pronoun must also be in the objective case ('to us' / 'us').

مفعولی حالت کے متوازی 'them' کے مقابلے میں 'us' کا استعمال درست ہے۔

2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

75📚General Awareness with special ref to J&KZero Article / No Article

_____ light comes from the sun

Explanation

Uncountable abstract/general physical nouns used in a generic universal statement take no article: "Light comes from the sun."

عام غیر معین اسم 'Light' کے ساتھ کسی آرٹیکل کی ضرورت نہیں ہوتی (no article)۔

2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

76📚Numerical & Reasoning AbilityDeterminers & Quantifiers

Choose the correct article: "I need _____ assistance with this complex problem."

Explanation

'Assistance' is an uncountable noun. When requesting an indefinite quantity, the determiner 'some' is idiomatic and grammatically appropriate: "I need some assistance with this complex problem."

غیر معین مقدار کے لیے 'some' کا استعمال درست ہے: "I need some assistance..."

2023JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

77📚General EnglishArticles (A vs An)

Fill in the blank using suitable articles:
Sudha is studying in

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

Canadian University. From there, it will take

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

hour for her to reach the airport.

Explanation

'Canadian' begins with a consonant sound (/k/), taking article 'a'. 'Hour' begins with a silent 'h' and vowel sound (/aʊər/), taking article 'an'. Correct: "a Canadian University... an hour".

'Canadian' کے ساتھ 'a' اور خاموش 'h' والے لفظ 'hour' کے ساتھ 'an' کا استعمال درست ہے۔ (a, an)

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

78📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
She stood

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

the window, lost in thought

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

her future plans for the upcoming year.

Explanation

'Stood by the window' (near/next to) and 'lost in thought about her future plans'. Correct prepositions: "by, about".

کھڑکی کے پاس کھڑے ہونے کے لیے 'by' اور سوچ کے لیے 'about' درست پریپوزیشنز ہیں (by, about)۔

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

79📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
The team worked tirelessly

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

the guidance of their coach to improve their performance

\underline{\hspace{1cm}}

the challenging season.

Explanation

Standard idiomatic English uses 'under the guidance of' and 'during the challenging season'. Correct: "under, during".

رہنمائی کے لیے 'under the guidance' اور مدت کے لیے 'during the season' درست ہے۔ (under, during)

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

80📚Basic Concepts of ComputersProfit and Loss

By selling an article for Rs. 960 a man incurs a loss of 4%; what was the cost price?

Explanation

\text{Cost Price} = \frac{\text{Selling Price}}{1 - \text{Loss}\%} = \frac{960}{1 - 0.04} = \frac{960}{0.96} = \text{Rs. } 1000

لاگت کی قیمت = \frac{960}{0.96} = 1000 روپے ہے۔

2024JKSSBGeneral Administration / Various Departments

81📚General Awareness & ScienceFundamental Rights: Right to Education (Art 21A)

Article 21A of the Indian Constitution provides Right to

Explanation

Article 21A, inserted into Part III of the Constitution by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act (2002), establishes free and compulsory education as a Fundamental Right for all children aged 6 to 14 years.

آئین ہند کی دفعہ 21A بچوں کے لیے مفت اور لازمی تعلیم کے بنیادی حق (Right to Education) کی ضمانت دیتی ہے۔

2023JKSSBVarious Departments

82📚Basic EnglishArticles

There is _____ fish, in _____ bottle.

Explanation

'A fish' (first mention of non-specific fish) in 'the bottle' (specific container context): "There is a fish in the bottle."

موزوں آرٹیکل: "There is a fish in the bottle."

2023JKSSBVarious Departments

83📚Basic EnglishArticles: Definite Article with Nationalities

_____ Indians are very good in maths.

Explanation

Definite article 'The' is used before a plural nationality or demographic noun ('The Indians') to designate the people of that nationality as a whole.

قومی شناخت کے اجتماعی نام کے ساتھ 'The' کا استعمال ہوتا ہے: "The Indians are very good..."

2023JKSSBVarious Departments

84📚General Awareness & ScienceFundamental Duties (Part IVA)

Fundamental duties are mentioned in

Explanation

Fundamental Duties are enshrined in Part-IVA (Article 51A) of the Constitution of India, incorporated by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.

بنیادی فرائض آئین ہند کے حصہ IVA (دفعہ 51A) میں درج ہیں۔

2023JKSSBVarious Departments

85📚Basic EnglishPluralization of Compound Nouns

Spot an error in the given sentence:
Sister-in-laws (A) / are (B) / a nuisance. (C) / No error (D)

Explanation

The plural form of compound noun 'sister-in-law' is 'sisters-in-law' (the principal root noun 'sister' takes the plural suffix '-s', not the prepositional suffix). Error is in Part A.

مرکب اسم کی جمع 'sisters-in-law' ہوتی ہے، اس لیے حصہ A میں غلطی ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

86📚Basic EnglishPrepositions of Instrument

Choose the appropriate prepositions for the given sentence:
She draws the sketch ________ a pencil.

Explanation

Preposition 'with' is used to denote the instrument, tool, or object used to perform an action: "She draws the sketch with a pencil."

کسی اوزار یا ذریعے سے کام کرنے کے لیے پریپوزیشن 'with' کا استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

87📚Basic EnglishPrepositions: Fixed Idiomatic Collocations

Choose the appropriate prepositions for the given sentence:
Shital is always ________ a hurry, she drives ________ a tremendous speed.

Explanation

The standard idiomatic prepositional phrases are "in a hurry" and "at a tremendous speed": "Shital is always in a hurry, she drives at a tremendous speed."

درست پریپوزیشنز 'in a hurry' اور 'at a speed' ہیں۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

88📚Basic EnglishArticles: Definite vs Indefinite

Choose the most appropriate article for the given sentence:
Singing is an art, and ________ art comes through practice

Explanation

When referring back to a previously introduced specific noun ('an art'), the definite article 'the' is used: "Singing is an art, and the art comes through practice."

پہلے سے متعارف کرائے گئے اسم کے لیے ڈیفینیٹ آرٹیکل 'the' کا استعمال ہوگا۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

89📚Basic EnglishArticles: Consonant Sounds

Which article should be used: "Isha lives alone in ________ one-bedroom apartment."

Explanation

Indefinite article 'a' is used before 'one-bedroom' because the word 'one' phonetically begins with the consonant glide sound /w/ ("won"), not a vowel sound.

لفظ 'one' کی آواز حرف صحیح /w/ سے شروع ہوتی ہے، لہذا آرٹیکل 'a' آئے گا۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

90📚Basic EnglishIdioms & Fixed Prepositions

Choose the right word for the fill in the blank:
The manager didn't punish him for coming late. He must be ________ his good books.

Explanation

The standard English idiom is "to be in someone's good books" (meaning to be in favor with someone).

محاورہ 'in his good books' (پسندیدہ ہونا) درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

91📚Basic EnglishFixed Prepositions: Approve of

Choose the right word for the fill in the blank:
I don't approve ________ your language, young lady.

Explanation

The transitive verb 'approve' takes the fixed preposition 'of': "I don't approve of your language...".

فعل 'approve' کے ساتھ پریپوزیشن 'of' کا استعمال ہوتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

92📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank using suitable articles. When no article is required, select no article among the given options:
I went to ______ hometown last year and remained there for ______ week.

Explanation

In idiomatic English, 'went to hometown' functions without an article when referring to one's own home territory, followed by indefinite singular time duration 'for a week'.

'went to hometown' اور مدت کے لیے 'for a week' درست آرٹیکل کا استعمال ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

93📚Basic EnglishPrepositions of Place

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:
What can you see ______ the picture ______ page 44?

Explanation

The correct prepositions are 'in the picture' (inside the visual frame) and 'on page 44' (on a book page surface): "What can you see in the picture on page 44?"

تصویر کے اندر کے لیے 'in the picture' اور صفحے کے لیے 'on page 44' درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

94📚General Awareness & ScienceFundamental Rights during Emergency (Arts 20 & 21)

Which fundamental rights cannot be suspended even during an emergency?

Explanation

By virtue of the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act (1978), Article 20 (Protection in respect of conviction for offences) and Article 21 (Protection of Life and Personal Liberty) cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency.

دفعہ 20 اور دفعہ 21 (زندگی اور ذاتی آزادی کا حق) کو ایمرجنسی کے دوران بھی معطل نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

95📚General Awareness & ScienceSwaran Singh Committee & Fundamental Duties

Which of the following committee suggested incorporating Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

The Sardar Swaran Singh Committee (1976) recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties, resulting in the enactment of Part IVA (Article 51A) by the 42nd Amendment.

سورن سنگھ کمیٹی کی سفارش پر آئین ہند میں بنیادی فرائض شامل کیے گئے۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

96📚General Awareness with special ref to UT of J&K73rd Constitutional Amendment Act: Women's Reservation

Which of the following constitution amendment gave one third reservations to women at panchayat level?

Explanation

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 inserted Article 243D(3), mandating that not less than one-third (33%) of all seats and chairperson positions in Panchayati Raj institutions be reserved for women.

73ویں آئینی ترمیم (1992) کے تحت پنچایتوں میں خواتین کے لیے ایک تہائی (33%) نشستیں مخصوص کی گئیں۔

2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

97📚General English & ComprehensionSubject-Verb Agreement & Prepositions

Which one is the correct sentence?

Explanation

'Mumps' is a singular disease name requiring singular verb 'is', and preposition 'among' is used for collective plural groups (more than two children): "Mumps is common among children."

'Mumps' بیماری کا واحد اسم ہے (is) اور بچوں کے مجموعہ کے لیے 'among' آتا ہے۔

2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

98📚General English & ComprehensionCorrelative Conjunctions & Prepositions

The sergeant asked him to come to the Police station -
Which one is the correct answer?

Explanation

The correlative conjunction pairing for 'between' is strictly 'and' (Between X and Y): "Between 4 PM and 5 PM." ('From' pairs with 'to').

'Between' کے ساتھ ہمیشہ 'and' کا جوڑا آتا ہے (Between 4 PM and 5 PM)۔

2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

99📚General English & ComprehensionFixed Prepositions: Good at

Manohar is good ______ Cricket.

Explanation

The adjective 'good' is followed by the fixed preposition 'at' when expressing competence or skill in a sport or subject: "good at Cricket."

کسی کھیل یا صلاحیت میں مہارت ظاہر کرنے کے لیے 'good at' درست ہے۔

2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

100📚General English & ComprehensionFixed Prepositions

Sarmistha is afraid ______ spiders.

Explanation

The adjective 'afraid' takes the fixed preposition 'of': "afraid of spiders."

'Afraid' کے ساتھ ہمیشہ پریپوزیشن 'of' آتی ہے۔

2023JKSSBDepartment of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj

101📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KConstitutional Provisions for UT of J&K (Art 239A)

After the reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir into Union Territories, which constitutional provision became applicable specifically for the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir?

Explanation

Under Section 13 of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, the constitutional provisions of Article 239A (which originally created a Legislative Assembly and Council of Ministers for the UT of Puducherry) were made applicable to the UT of Jammu and Kashmir.

جموں و کشمیر ری آرگنائزیشن ایکٹ کے تحت پڈوچیری کی طرز پر دفعہ 239A (Article 239A) جموں و کشمیر پر لاگو ہوئی۔

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

102📚Knowledge of Computer ApplicationsArticles: Dual Appositive Nouns

Fill in the blanks using suitable articles:
Mr. Agnihotri, who is _____ producer and _____ financier of _____ Nike company was present there.

Explanation

When two job titles ('producer' and 'financier') refer to the same single individual, the definite article 'the' is used before the first title and omitted before the second, followed by 'the Nike company': "...the producer and financier of the Nike company..."

جب ایک ہی شخص کے دو عہدے بیان ہوں تو آرٹیکل 'the' صرف پہلے عہدے سے پہلے آتا ہے (the, no article, the)۔

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

103📚Knowledge of Computer ApplicationsArticles: Indefinite and Definite

Fill in the blanks using suitable articles:
_____ recent survey indicates that _____ number of drug addicts is growing day by day.

Explanation

Indefinite singular noun phrase 'A recent survey' introduces a non-specific study, followed by the fixed phrase 'the number of': "A recent survey indicates that the number of drug addicts..."

پہلے خالی جگہ میں 'A' اور دوسرے میں 'the number of' کے اصول سے 'the' آئے گا۔

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

104📚General Intelligence & ReasoningPrepositions

Fill in the blank with appropriate prepositions from the alternatives given below:
We should prevent damage _____ and theft of public property.

Explanation

The noun 'damage' takes the preposition 'to' (damage to public property): "We should prevent damage to and theft of public property."

لفظ 'damage' کے ساتھ پریپوزیشن 'to' آتی ہے: "damage to public property".

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

105📚General Intelligence & ReasoningPrepositions of Position

Fill in the blank with appropriate prepositions from the alternatives given below:
He inserted a needle _____ the close petals of a flower.

Explanation

Preposition 'between' indicates inserting an object into the space separating two or more touching petals: "He inserted a needle between the close petals..."

پتیوں کے درمیانی فاصلے میں داخل کرنے کے لیے 'between' درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBRevenue Department

106📚General EnglishPrepositions

He will impart no information ________ anyone.

Explanation

The verb 'impart' (to communicate or bestow information) takes the preposition 'to': "impart information to anyone."

لفظ 'impart' کے ساتھ پریپوزیشن 'to' آتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

107📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with special ref to J&KDuration of Panchayats (Article 243E)

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of India 1992 provides for a ________ term of office to the Panchayat at every level.

Explanation

Article 243E of the Indian Constitution mandates a fixed 5-year tenure for Panchayats at all levels from the date appointed for their first meeting.

آئین کے تحت پنچایتوں کی مدت 5 سال (Five years) مقرر ہے۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

108📚Computer ApplicationsProperties of Elastic Media for Wave Propagation

The fundamental physical properties of a medium necessary for mechanical wave propagation are its:

Explanation

For propagation of mechanical acoustic/sound waves through a medium, the medium must possess Elasticity (to restore displaced particles), Inertia (to store kinetic energy), and low damping resistance. All of the above are essential.

میکانیکی لہروں کے سفر کے لیے میڈیم میں جمود، لچک اور کم مزاحمت (All of the above) ضروری ہیں۔

2024JKSSBFinance Department

109📚General Awareness with special ref to UT of J&KPrepositions

The traveller enquired ______ the farmer if he could tell him the way ______ the nearest inn.

Explanation

Standard prepositional usage: One 'enquires of' a person (asks someone) and asks for the 'way to' a destination

\implies

"enquired of ... way to".

درست پریپوزیشنز: 'enquired of' اور 'way to' ہیں۔

2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department

110🔬General Science44th Amendment Act & Article 300A

The Right to Property was converted from a Fundamental Right into a Constitutional Legal Right by which Constitutional Amendment?

Explanation

The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 repealed Article 19(1)(f) and Article 31, transforming the Right to Property into a legal/constitutional right under Article 300A in Part XII.

44ویں آئینی ترمیم (1978) کے ذریعے حق جائیداد کو بنیادی حقوق سے نکال کر قانونی حق بنایا گیا۔

2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department

111📚Specialisation (Sociology, Social Work & Child Development)Right to Equality: Article 17

Which category of Fundamental Rights in Part III of the Indian Constitution incorporates the 'Abolition of Untouchability' under Article 17?

Explanation

Article 17 (Abolition of Untouchability and prohibition of its practice) is part of the 'Right to Equality' grouping under Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution.

چھوت چھات کا خاتمہ (آرٹیکل 17) برابری کے بنیادی حق (Right to Equality) کے تحت آتا ہے۔

2024JKSSBSocial Welfare Department

112📚General EnglishPrepositions in Context

Fill in the blanks: "The team worked tirelessly _______ the guidance of their coach to improve their performance _______ the challenging season."

Explanation

One works 'under the guidance' of a mentor, and events occur 'during the season'

\implies

"under, during".

درست پریپوزیشنز: 'under the guidance' اور 'during the season' ہیں۔

2024JKSSBVarious Departments

113📚Basic EnglishArticles: Compound Noun Usage

Fill in the blanks with suitable articles:
"She is wearing a black and ______ white saree at the party hosted by the Manager and ______ Executive Director of our hotel."

Explanation

Because it is a single two-tone saree ("a black and white saree") and a single person holding both titles ("the Manager and Executive Director"), no second article is used in either blank.

ایک ہی ساڑھی اور ایک ہی شخص کے دو عہدوں کے لیے دوسری جگہ کوئی آرٹیکل استعمال نہیں ہوگا۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

114📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank: "The officials have the habit of fawning ______ ministers."

Explanation

The standard preposition with the verb 'fawn' (to display exaggerated flattery or affection) is 'on' or 'upon'.

لفظ 'fawning' کے ساتھ پریپوزیشن 'upon' یا 'on' آتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

115📚Basic EnglishPrepositional Errors

Spot the error: "I do not understand why in spite of my best efforts to please him, my boss is so angry at me."

Explanation

One is 'angry with' a person (and 'angry at/about' a situation). Hence "angry at me" should be "angry with me".

کسی شخص سے ناراض ہونے کے لیے 'angry with me' درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

116📚Basic EnglishPrepositional Idioms

Spot the error: "Innovations into the field of artificial intelligence can help to increase the wages of the workforce provided workers have the necessary skills."

Explanation

The correct preposition is 'in the field of', not 'into the field of'. Hence part A has an error.

درست فقرہ 'Innovations in the field of' ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

117📚Basic EnglishCommon Errors: Comprise vs Consist

Spot the error: "The three storey building comprises of six houses, two parking lots and one basement."

Explanation

The verb 'comprises' means 'consists of' and must never be followed by the preposition 'of' in active voice. It should read "comprises six houses".

'Comprises' کے ساتھ 'of' نہیں لگایا جاتا، لہذا حصہ A میں غلطی ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

118📚Basic EnglishSentence Structure & Word Order

Identify the grammatically correct sentence:

Explanation

Option C correctly places the modal auxiliary, transitive verb, adverb of manner, and prepositional phrase: "The receptionist should answer courteously the questions of all the callers."

گرائمر کے لحاظ سے مکمل درست جملہ آپشن C ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

119📚Basic EnglishCorrect Sentence Selection

Identify the grammatically correct sentence:

Explanation

Option A is grammatically flawless with correct plural agreement ('villagers were') and appropriate definite articles: "The villagers were enjoying the winter evening around the fire."

درست ترین جملہ آپشن A ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

120📚Basic ReasoningPanchayati Raj: Constitutional Status

According to the Constitution of India (73rd Constitutional Amendment Act), a Gram Panchayat is defined as a/an

Explanation

Under Article 243B and Part IX of the Constitution, Panchayats are constitutional institutions of local self-government established for rural areas.

آئین ہند کے تحت گرام پنچایت مقامی خود اختیاری ادارہ (Institution of self-government) ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

121📚Basic EnglishClassification of Article 370

With respect to the erstwhile State of Jammu & Kashmir, Part XXI of the Constitution of India classified Article 370 under which heading?

Explanation

Part XXI of the Constitution of India is titled 'Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions', and Article 370 was explicitly titled 'Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir'.

آرٹیکل 370 آئین کے باب XXI میں عارضی دفعات (Temporary Provisions) کے تحت درج تھا۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

122📚Basic EnglishWrits: Mandamus (Articles 32 & 226)

Which constitutional writ issued by the Supreme Court or High Courts commands a public official or authority to perform a mandatory statutory duty that they have failed or refused to perform?

Explanation

The writ of Mandamus (Latin for 'We Command') is an order issued to compel a public official, body, or tribunal to perform an obligatory public duty.

سرکاری افسر کو اپنے فرائض کی انجام دہی کا حکم دینے والی رٹ مینڈی مس (Mandamus) کہلاتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

123📚General Awareness & ScienceArticle 35A

Which now-repealed constitutional provision empowered the Jammu and Kashmir State Legislature to define 'Permanent Residents' and confer special rights and privileges regarding employment and property?

Explanation

Article 35A (inserted into the Indian Constitution via the 1954 Presidential Order) empowered the J&K legislature to define permanent residents and grant them exclusive rights.

جموں و کشمیر کے مستقل باشندوں کے حقوق کی حفاظت آرٹیکل 35A (Article 35A) کرتی تھی۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

124📚General Awareness & SciencePrepositions and Military Terms

Fill in the blanks: "Our army is ______ the border of the neighboring country."

Explanation

Troops are strategically 'deployed along' a national boundary line

\implies

"deployed, along the border".

فوجی دستوں کی تعیناتی کے لیے 'deployed, along' درست ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

125📚General Awareness & ScienceAppropriate Prepositions

Fill in the blank: "Disintegration of the country is inimical ______ the progress of the people."

Explanation

The adjective 'inimical' (meaning harmful, hostile, or adverse) is standardly followed by the preposition 'to' ("inimical to the progress").

لفظ 'inimical' کے ساتھ ہمیشہ پریپوزیشن 'to' آتی ہے۔

2024JKSSBAnimal / Sheep Husbandry Department

126📚General English & ComprehensionGovernment Schemes & Research Initiatives

When did the Union Cabinet approve the "One Nation, One Subscription" Scheme with an aim to provide nationwide access to scholarly research articles and journal publications?

Explanation

In November 2024, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the 'One Nation, One Subscription' (ONOS) initiative with a central allocation of ₹6,000 crore to provide universal digital access to premium scientific research journals.

नवंबर 2024 में केंद्रीय मंत्रिमंडल ने 'वन नेशन, वन सब्सक्रिप्शन' (ONOS) योजना को मंजूरी दी, जिससे भारत के सभी शोधकर्ताओं और विश्वविद्यालयों को अंतरराष्ट्रीय जर्नल्स तक मुफ्त पहुंच मिल सके।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

127📚General English & ComprehensionConstitutional Amendments

What was the primary objective of the 2nd Amendment of the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

The Constitution (Second Amendment) Act, 1952, amended Article 81(1)(b) to remove the upper population limit of 7,50,000 for representation by a single member in the Lok Sabha.

भारतीय संविधान के द्वितीय संशोधन (1952) का मुख्य उद्देश्य एक लोकसभा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र के लिए 7.5 लाख की ऊपरी जनसंख्या सीमा को समाप्त करना था।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

128📚General English & ComprehensionFundamental Rights & Union of States

Explanation

1. Article 1 defines India, that is Bharat, as a Union of States (III)
2. Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws (II)
3. Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment (I).
Hence, the correct matching is 1-III, 2-II, 3-I.

1. अनुच्छेद 1: भारत राज्यों का संघ है (III)
2. अनुच्छेद 14: विधि के समक्ष समानता (II)
3. अनुच्छेद 16: सार्वजनिक रोजगार में अवसर की समानता (I)।
सही विकल्प 1-III, 2-II, 3-I है।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

129📚General English & ComprehensionConstitutional History & Article 370

Which constitutional provision allowed Jammu and Kashmir to have its own flag before 2019?

Explanation

Article 370 of the Constitution of India granted special autonomous status to the State of Jammu and Kashmir, allowing it to adopt its own Constitution (under Section 144 of the J&K Constitution) and separate state flag until August 2019.

भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 370 के तहत मिले विशेष दर्जे के कारण जम्मू और कश्मीर का अपना अलग संविधान और राज्य ध्वज था।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

130📚General English & ComprehensionJ&K Constitutional History & Integration

Why was the Jammu & Kashmir Constitution abrogated in 2019?

Explanation

The abrogation of Article 370 and the J&K Constitution was undertaken to foster complete national integration, eliminate discriminatory residency/domicile barriers, extend fundamental central laws, and accelerate socio-economic development and investments across the region.

2019 में जम्मू-कश्मीर के विशेष दर्जे और अलग संविधान को समाप्त करने का उद्देश्य पूर्ण राष्ट्रीय एकीकरण, सभी नागरिकों को समान अधिकार प्रदान करना और क्षेत्र में आर्थिक सुधार व निवेश को गति देना था (उपरोक्त सभी)।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

131📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with ref to J&KJ&K Constitution Key Articles

Which article of the Jammu & Kashmir Constitution (before 2019) defined the relationship between the state and the Union of India?

Explanation

Article 3 of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir irrevocably declared: 'The State of Jammu and Kashmir is and shall be an integral part of the Union of India.'

जम्मू और कश्मीर के संविधान का अनुच्छेद 3 यह स्पष्ट रूप से घोषित करता था कि 'जम्मू और कश्मीर राज्य भारत संघ का अभिन्न अंग है और रहेगा।'

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

132📚General Knowledge & Current Affairs with ref to J&KArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blanks: ______ weather was rainy, and we made ______ bet whether you would come.

Explanation

Weather' in this specific situation refers to the specific prevailing weather of that day, taking the definite article 'The'. 'Made a bet' is a standard English idiomatic collocated phrase. Hence: 'The weather was rainy, and we made a bet...

विशिष्ट मौसम के लिए 'The weather' और मुहावरेदार प्रयोग 'made a bet' में 'a' आएगा। अतः सही उत्तर 'The, a' है।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

133📚Numerical & Mathematical AbilityPrepositions

Fill in the blanks: Did you try looking ______ the door or ______ the cupboard?

Explanation

One naturally searches 'behind' a door (in the space hidden by an open/closed door) and 'in' (or inside) a cupboard where items are stored. Hence: 'behind the door or in the cupboard'.

दरवाजे के पीछे के लिए 'behind the door' और अलमारी के अंदर के लिए 'in the cupboard' का प्रयोग होगा।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

134📚Numerical & Mathematical AbilityError Spotting & Prepositions

Identify the part of the sentence that contains an error, to ensure the meaning is clear and relevant. If there is no error, select 'No error': The visitors complained at (A) / the poor accommodation (B) / they were provided with (C) / No error (D)

Explanation

The correct preposition with the verb 'complain' when referring to a grievance or condition is 'about' or 'of', not 'at'. It should read: 'The visitors complained about the poor accommodation...'. Therefore, part (A) contains the error.

'Complain' के साथ 'at' के स्थान पर 'about' या 'of' का प्रयोग होता है। अतः त्रुटि भाग (A) में है।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

135📚Numerical & Mathematical AbilityArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blanks: I saw ______ old woman yesterday.

Explanation

The word 'old' begins with a vowel sound (/oʊ/), hence the indefinite article 'an' is used: 'I saw an old woman yesterday.'

'Old' शब्द स्वर ध्वनि (Vowel sound) से शुरू होता है, इसलिए इसके पहले 'an' का प्रयोग होगा।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

136📚General Intelligence & ReasoningProfit and Loss & Data Sufficiency

How much profit did Lakshay earn on the cost price of an article by selling it?
I. He got 15% discount on the marked price at the time of purchase
II. He sold it for Rs. 2040
III. He earned 2% profit on the marked price

Choose the correct option:

Explanation

To calculate the total profit earned:
- From I:

\text{CP} = 0.85 \times \text{MP}

- From II:

\text{SP} = 2040

- From III:

\text{SP} = 1.02 \times \text{MP} \implies 1.02 \times \text{MP} = 2040 \implies \text{MP} = 2000

Then

\text{CP} = 0.85 \times 2000 = 1700

, and

\text{Profit} = 2040 - 1700 = 340

.
All three statements I, II, and III together are required to find the exact monetary profit.

सटीक लाभ राशि निकालने के लिए तीनों कथनों (I, II और III) का एक साथ उपयोग आवश्यक है।

2025JKSSBGeneral Administration & State Departments

137📚Basic EnglishArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
She achieved _____ unique position in _____ organization through hard work.

Explanation

'Unique' starts with a consonant 'y' sound (/juː/), taking indefinite article 'a'. 'Organization' refers to the specific company/entity, taking definite article 'the': 'a unique position in the organization'.

'Unique' व्यंजन ध्वनि (य) से शुरू होता है इसलिए 'a' आएगा, और विशिष्ट संगठन के लिए 'the' आएगा। अतः 'a, the' सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

138📚Basic EnglishArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
_____ engineer presented _____ innovative solution during the conference.

Explanation

Both 'engineer' and 'innovative' begin with vowel sounds (/e/ and /ɪ/), requiring the indefinite article 'An' and 'an': 'An engineer presented an innovative solution...'.

'Engineer' और 'innovative' दोनों स्वर ध्वनि से शुरू होते हैं, इसलिए दोनों जगह 'An, an' आएगा।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

139📚Basic EnglishArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
_____ European country announced _____ new policy to combat climate change.

Explanation

'European' begins with a consonant 'y' sound (/jʊərəˈpiːən/), so it takes 'A'. 'New policy' takes indefinite article 'a': 'A European country announced a new policy...'.

'European' की शुरुआत 'य' व्यंजन ध्वनि से होती है, इसलिए इसके पूर्व 'A' आएगा और 'new policy' के पूर्व भी 'a' आएगा।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

140📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition in the below sentence.
She stepped _____ the boat carefully to avoid slipping.

Explanation

'Onto' is used to express movement towards and coming to rest upon a surface/deck: 'She stepped onto the boat carefully...'.

नाव की सतह पर पैर रखने के लिए 'onto' का प्रयोग सही है: 'stepped onto the boat'.

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

141📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition in the below sentence.
_____ the beautiful decorations, candles were placed _____ the centerpiece.

Explanation

'Alongside the beautiful decorations, candles were placed around the centerpiece' correctly expresses accompanying placement and surrounding orientation.

सजावट के साथ के लिए 'Alongside' और केंद्र के चारों ओर के लिए 'around' का सही प्रयोग होगा।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

142📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Which of the following sentences is correct regarding the use of propositions?

Explanation

Option A uses 'over' (movement across above) and 'in' (inside an enclosed space) completely accurately. (In B, correct idiom is 'good at'; in C, 'walked in the park').

विकल्प A में 'jumped over' और 'hid in the box' दोनों पूर्वसर्ग (Prepositions) पूर्णतः सही हैं।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

143📚General Knowledge with special ref to J&KArticles & Determiners

Select the sentence where the determiner is used correctly.

Explanation

Option C correctly pairs 'several' with the plural countable noun 'opportunities'. (In A, 'many dogs'; in B & D, 'advice' and 'information' are uncountable and do not take 'a').

विकल्प C में 'several' के साथ बहुवचन संज्ञा 'opportunities' का सही प्रयोग हुआ है। 'advice' और 'information' अगणनीय हैं।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

144📚General Knowledge with special ref to J&KArticles & Determiners

Select the sentence where the determiner is NOT used correctly.

Explanation

'Information' is an uncountable noun and cannot be preceded by the singular indefinite article 'A'. One must say 'Information' or 'A piece of information'. Hence, Option D is incorrect.

'Information' एक Uncountable Noun है, इसलिए इसके पहले 'A' का प्रयोग गलत है। अतः विकल्प D में निर्धारक गलत है।

2025JKSSBTransport & State Fleet Departments

145📚Psychopathology & Diagnostic Classifications (DSM/ICD)Delusions of Reference

Delusional belief of the patient that 'an article in a newspaper or a remark on television is directed specifically to him, either as a message to him or to inform others about him' is called as

Explanation

Delusions of reference involve the conviction that public media, events, or remarks carry a specific, hidden personal message aimed at the individual.

मीडिया संदेशों को अपने लिए विशेष संदेश मानना 'संदर्भ का भ्रम' (Delusions of reference) कहलाता है।

2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department

146📚Basic Electrical Concepts & DC CircuitsArticles & Determiners

Fill in the blank using a suitable article:
_____ unique artist often develops _____ signature style that distinguishes them and their work from their peers.

Explanation

'Unique' begins with a consonant 'y' sound (/juː/), taking indefinite article 'A'. 'Signature style' takes indefinite article 'a': 'A unique artist often develops a signature style...'.

'Unique' की शुरुआत 'य' व्यंजन ध्वनि से होती है, इसलिए इसके पूर्व 'A' आएगा और 'signature style' के पूर्व भी 'a' आएगा।

2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department

147📚AC Fundamentals & Polyphase SystemsWashing Machines Working Principle

What is the primary working principle of a washing machine?

Explanation

The primary mechanical principle of a washing machine is agitation (or pulsator/tumbling motion) where vigorous mechanical turbulence forces water and detergent through fabric weave to dislodge dirt particles.

वॉशिंग मशीन का प्राथमिक कार्य सिद्धांत 'आंदोलन / विलोड़न' (Agitation) है, जिसमें कपड़ों को पानी और डिटर्जेंट में तेजी से घुमाया जाता है।

2025JKSSBPower Development & Technical Education Department

148📚Radiation Physics & Atomic StructureSubatomic Particles & Rest Mass

A Muon is a sub atomic particle which has a mass 207 times that of the mass of electron. What is the approximate mass of the muon in units of MeV?

Explanation

Electron rest mass energy

m_e c^2 \approx 0.511\text{ MeV}

\text{Mass of Muon} = 207 \times 0.511\text{ MeV} \approx 105.78\text{ MeV} \approx 106\text{ MeV}.

इलेक्ट्रॉन का द्रव्यमान

0.511\text{ MeV}

होता है। अतः म्यूऑन का द्रव्यमान

= 207 \times 0.511 \approx 106\text{ MeV}

।

2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department

149📚Radiation Physics & Atomic StructureDirectly vs Indirectly Ionizing Radiation

Directly ionizing radiation does not include:

Explanation

Directly ionizing radiation consists of charged particles (electrons, positrons, protons, alpha particles) that ionize atoms directly via Coulomb interactions. Neutrons and photons are uncharged and represent indirectly ionizing radiation.

न्यूट्रॉन (Neutron) अनावेशित कण हैं और अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से आयनकारी विकिरण (Indirectly ionizing radiation) की श्रेणी में आते हैं।

2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department

150📚Radiation Physics & Atomic StructureAlpha Decay in Heavy Nuclei

Heavy radioactive nuclei decay most frequently with emission of which of the following:

Explanation

Heavy radioactive nuclei (

Z > 82

A > 200

) achieve nuclear stability most frequently by shedding 2 protons and 2 neutrons through Alpha particle (

\alpha

) decay.

भारी रेडियोधर्मी नाभिक (

Z > 82

) स्थायित्व प्राप्त करने के लिए सबसे अधिक अल्फा (Alpha) कणों का उत्सर्जन करते हैं।

2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department

151📚Radiation Detection & DosimetryOxygen Enhancement Ratio (OER) & LET

The OER for alpha particles is equal to:

Explanation

For high-LET densely ionizing radiation like Alpha particles (~100-200 keV/μm), biological damage is produced by direct dense ionization independent of oxygen free radicals, yielding an Oxygen Enhancement Ratio (OER) of 1.0.

अल्फा कणों (High LET) के लिए ऑक्सीजन संवर्धन अनुपात (OER) का मान 1.0 होता है क्योंकि इनका प्रभाव ऑक्सीजन पर निर्भर नहीं करता।

2025JKSSBHealth & Medical Education Department

152📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks:
While I agree_______ his proposal this time, I do not often agree_______ him.

Explanation

Standard preposition usage: 'agree to a proposal/plan/idea' (thing) and 'agree with a person' (individual).

योजना/प्रस्ताव से सहमत होने के लिए 'agree to' और व्यक्ति से सहमत होने के लिए 'agree with' आता है। सही उत्तर 'To, with' है।

2025JKSSB

153📚Electrical Controls, Troubleshooting & Absorption SystemsVapour Absorption System Components

Match List-I (Basic components of aqua-ammonia refrigeration system) with List-II (Function of component in the system) and select the correct answer and select correct answer
List-I:
i. Generator
ii. Analyzer
iii. Rectifier
iv. Receiver

List-II:
1. Dehydration
2. Removal of vapour from strong aqua-ammonia system
3. Producing dry ammonia vapor by removing traces of water particles completely
4. Formation of liquid ammonia from high pressure vapour

Choose the correct Answer:

Explanation

Generator -> Boils strong solution into

NH_3

vapor (i-2); Analyzer -> Strips initial water spray (ii-1); Rectifier -> Dehydrates dry ammonia vapor (iii-3); Receiver -> Stores condensed high-pressure liquid ammonia (iv-4).

i-2, ii-1, iii-3, iv-4 सही मिलान है।

2025JKSSB

154📚Curriculum Development & Teaching MethodologiesRTE Act 2009 Provisions

According to Right to Education Act - 2009 children of _______ age group will be provided free and compulsory education

Explanation

Article 21A of the Constitution and the RTE Act 2009 guarantee free and compulsory elementary education to all children aged 6 to 14 years (extended to 18 years for disabled children under RPwD Act).

शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम (RTE Act 2009) के तहत 6 से 14 वर्ष के बच्चों को निःशुल्क और अनिवार्य शिक्षा प्रदान की जाती है।

2025JKSSB

155📚First Aid, Basic Pharmacology, Inventory & Municipal Administration74th Constitutional Amendment Act

The Ward Committee in a Municipal Corporation is formed under which of the following laws?

Explanation

Article 243S of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1992 mandates the constitution of Wards Committees in all municipal areas having a population of 300,000 or more.

नगर निगम में वार्ड समितियों का गठन 74वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम 1992 (Article 243S) के तहत किया जाता है।

2025JKSSB

156📚Heritage Legislation, Antiquities & J&K Heritage SitesAntiquities Legislation in India

Antiquity is defined under
i. The Antiquities and Art Treasures Act
ii. The Treasure Trove Act
iii. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act
iv. The World Heritage Convention
v. The Venice Charter
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Explanation

In Indian statutory legislation, 'Antiquity' (any article/manuscript in existence for

\ge 100\text{ years}

) is formally defined under Section 2(1)(a) of the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act 1972 and the AMASR Act 1958.

भारतीय कानून में 'पुरावशेष' (Antiquity) को मुख्य रूप से 'पुराशेष और बहुमूल्य कलाकृति अधिनियम 1972' और 'AMASR अधिनियम 1958' (i and iii only) के तहत परिभाषित किया गया है।

2025JKSSB

157📚General English & ComprehensionFixed Prepositions

Choose the correct preposition for the following sentence:
He is ashamed _______ what he did.

Explanation

The adjective 'ashamed' takes the fixed preposition 'of' ('ashamed of something').

'Ashamed' के साथ निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन 'of' (शर्मिंदा होना) का प्रयोग होता है।

2025JKSSB

158📚General Mental Ability & Logical ReasoningLetter Reversal Coding

If "COMPUTER" is written as "PMOCRETU" then what will "ARTICLES" be written as?

Explanation

The 8-letter word is split into two 4-letter halves and each half is reversed: 'COMP'

->

'PMOC', 'UTER'

->

'RETU'. Applying to 'ARTI'

->

'ITRA' and 'CLES'

->

'SELC'

\implies

ITRASELC.

प्रथम 4 और अंतिम 4 अक्षरों को उलटने पर: ARTI

->

ITRA, CLES

->

SELC

\implies

ITRASELC।

2025JKSSB

159📚General English & Reading ComprehensionArticles

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
Today he is at _______ zenith of his career.

Explanation

The definite article 'the' is used before unique pinnacle positions or superlatives: 'at the zenith of his career'.

चरम बिंदु (zenith) से पहले निश्चित उपपद 'the' का प्रयोग होता है।

2025JKSSB

160📚General English & Reading ComprehensionArticles (Vowel Sounds)

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
_______ honest man lodged _______ FIR when he saw someone committing fraud in the marketplace

Explanation

'Honest' begins with a vowel sound (/ɒ/), requiring 'An'. 'FIR' begins with a vowel sound (/ɛf/), requiring 'an': 'An honest man lodged an FIR...'.

'Honest' और 'FIR' दोनों का उच्चारण स्वर ध्वनि से शुरू होता है, अतः दोनों में 'An, an' आएगा।

2025JKSSB

161📚General English & Reading ComprehensionArticles

Fill in the blank with the correct article. If no article is required, select no article.
We visited _______ museum during our trip to _______ city.

Explanation

Specific context requires definite articles: 'We visited the museum during our trip to the city'.

विशिष्ट संदर्भ में दोनों रिक्त स्थानों में 'the, the' का प्रयोग होगा।

2025JKSSB

162📚General English & Reading ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition in the below sentence.
He quickly jumped _______ the train as it stopped at the platform.

Explanation

To disembark or leap down from a vehicle uses the preposition 'off': 'jumped off the train'.

ट्रेन से नीचे कूदने या उतरने के लिए प्रीपोजिशन 'off' ('jumped off') का प्रयोग होता है।

2025JKSSB

163📚General English & Reading ComprehensionPrepositions Distinction

Fill in the blank with a suitable preposition in the below sentence.
_______ the delicious food, the table had fresh flowers placed _______ each plate.

Explanation

'Besides' means 'in addition to' (Besides the delicious food), while 'beside' means 'next to / by the side of' (beside each plate).

'Besides' (के अतिरिक्त) तथा 'beside' (के बगल में) का सही संयोजन विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

164📚General English & Reading ComprehensionPreposition Rules

Which of the following sentences is correct regarding the use of prepositions?

Explanation

'Emphasise', 'accompany', and 'inform' are transitive verbs that take direct objects without prepositions (no 'on', 'with', or 'to'). Sentence D correctly uses 'but' as an exceptive preposition.

'Emphasise on' और 'accompany with' गलत प्रयोग हैं। सही वाक्य D ('I did not see anybody else but your brother') है।

2025JKSSB

165📚General English & Reading ComprehensionError Spotting

In this question, the sentence is broken into four parts. Find out the error part in the sentence from the given options and mark your answer. If there is no error, mark the answer as "No error".
Plenty of books (a)/ were donated (b)/ to the library (c)/ by him (d).

Explanation

'Plenty of books' takes a plural verb ('were donated'), and all prepositional adjuncts are grammatically sound. The sentence contains No error.

वाक्य पूरी तरह व्याकरण सम्मत है, अतः सही उत्तर 'No error' (D) है।

2025JKSSB

166📚General English & GrammarArticles

Find the suitable articles for the following statement:
He is _______ man whom I met yesterday.

Explanation

The definite article 'the' is used before a noun modified by a defining relative clause ('the man whom I met yesterday').

विशिष्ट व्यक्ति का संदर्भ देने के लिए 'the' का प्रयोग होगा: 'the man whom I met yesterday'।

2025JKSSB

167📚General English & GrammarArticles

Find the suitable articles for the following statement:
_______ dog that bit me ran away

Explanation

The relative clause 'that bit me' specifies the dog, requiring the definite article 'The'.

काटने वाले विशिष्ट कुत्ते के लिए 'The' का प्रयोग होगा: 'The dog that bit me ran away'।

2025JKSSB

168📚General English & GrammarPrepositions

Find the suitable prepositions for the following statement:
Life is compared _______ a battle

Explanation

When comparing two completely different categories of things (a metaphor/simile), 'compare to' is used ('Life is compared to a battle').

दो भिन्न वस्तुओं की तुलना के लिए 'compare to' का प्रयोग होता है: 'Life is compared to a battle'।

2025JKSSB

169📚General English & GrammarPreposition Sequences

Varun lived _______ his wife _______ Chennai _______ ten years.
Choose the correct order of choice to fill in the blanks.

Explanation

Correct prepositional sequence: 'Varun lived with his wife in Chennai for ten years'.

सही प्रीपोजिशन क्रम: 'with his wife in Chennai for ten years' (विकल्प D)।

2025JKSSB

170📚General English & GrammarPreposition Usage

The statement is given along with the preposition; the word is underlined.
Statement 1 : There is no cure for AIDS.
Statement 2 : The lecture was accompanied with subtle analysis of concepts.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Statement 1 correctly uses 'cure for'. Statement 2 is incorrect because inanimate/conceptual accompaniment takes 'accompanied by', not 'accompanied with'.

कथन 1 ('cure for') सही है और कथन 2 ('accompanied by' होना चाहिए) गलत है। अतः विकल्प A सही है।

2025JKSSB

171📚General English & GrammarArticles Rules

The Statement is given along with the articles; the word is underlined
Statement 1 : The USA is the richest country in the world
Statement 2 : An gold is a precious metal
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Statement 1 correctly uses 'The USA' (acronym country of united states). Statement 2 is incorrect because 'gold' is an uncountable material noun and does not take indefinite article 'An'.

कथन 1 सही है और कथन 2 गलत है ('gold' से पहले 'An' नहीं आता)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

172📚General English & GrammarFixed Prepositions Matching

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List I:
1. No one believes him because he is false _______ heart
2. Cooperation between friends stems _______ mutual consideration
3. As a dancer, she has aptitude _______ classical system

List II (Prepositions):
i. from
ii. for
iii. at

Choose the correct option:

Explanation

1 -> iii ('false at heart'), 2 -> i ('stems from'), 3 -> ii ('aptitude for'). Correct match is 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii.

1-iii ('false at heart'), 2-i ('stems from'), 3-ii ('aptitude for')। सही उत्तर C है।

2025JKSSB

173📚Basic Mathematics & Quantitative AptitudeProfit and Loss Statements

Consider the following statement.
Statement 1: If a man reduces the selling price of a fan from Rs.400 to Rs.380, his loss increases by 2%. The cost price of the fan is Rs.1,000.
Statement 2: If 5% more is gained by selling an article for Rs.350 than by selling it for Rs.340, the cost of the article is Rs.50.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Statement 1:

2\% \text{ of } CP = 400 - 380 = 20 \implies CP = \frac{20}{0.02} = \text{Rs. } 1000

(Correct). Statement 2:

5\% \text{ of } CP = 350 - 340 = 10 \implies CP = \frac{10}{0.05} = \text{Rs. } 200 \ne 50

(Incorrect). Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect.

कथन 1 (

CP=1000

) सही है और कथन 2 (

CP=200

) गलत है। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

174📚Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Limit Tests & Instrumental AnalysisCleanroom Classifications

Which of the following is classified as 'Aseptic area'?

Explanation

Under US Federal Standard 209E and GMP Grade A standards, Class 100 (maximum 100 particles

\ge 0.5\ \mu\text{m}

per cubic foot / ISO 5) defines the critical aseptic manufacturing area.

फार्मास्युटिकल GMP में 'क्लास 100' (Class 100 / ISO 5) को क्रिटिकल एसेप्टिक क्षेत्र के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया जाता है।

2025JKSSB

175📚Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Limit Tests & Instrumental AnalysisTurbidimetry vs Nephelometry

What would you use to measure the intensity of light transmitted through a solution containing suspended particles?

Explanation

Turbidimetry measures the reduction in transmitted light intensity passing directly through a turbid suspension along the primary optical axis (

0^\circ

निलंबित कणों वाले घोल से होकर गुजरने वाले संचरित प्रकाश की तीव्रता को 'टर्बिडिमेट्री' (Turbidimetry) द्वारा मापा जाता है।

2025JKSSB

176📚Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Limit Tests & Instrumental AnalysisAnalytical Sensitivity

Which technique is generally more sensitive, nephelometry or turbidimetry?

Explanation

Nephelometry measures light scattered at

90^\circ

against a dark background, making it far more sensitive at detecting extremely low particle/precipitate concentrations than turbidimetry.

नेफेलोमेट्री (Nephelometry) प्रकीर्णित प्रकाश को

90^\circ

पर मापती है, अतः यह बहुत कम सांद्रता पर टर्बिडिमेट्री से अधिक संवेदनशील होती है।

2025JKSSB

177📚Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Limit Tests & Instrumental AnalysisNephelometric Rayleigh Scattering

How are the concentration of particles in a solution and the intensity of scattered light in nephelometry related:

Explanation

In nephelometry, for dilute suspensions with uniform particles, the intensity of scattered light (

I_s

) is directly proportional to particle concentration (

C

I_s = K \cdot I_0 \cdot C

नेफेलोमेट्री में प्रकीर्णित प्रकाश की तीव्रता कणों की सांद्रता के 'सीधे आनुपातिक' (Directly proportional) होती है।

2025JKSSB

178📚Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & General AwarenessIndian Constitution Fundamental Rights

Which article of the Indian constitution guarantee the right to equality?

Explanation

Article 14 of the Constitution of India guarantees that 'The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India'.

भारतीय संविधान का 'अनुच्छेद 14' (Article 14) विधि के समक्ष समता और विधियों के समान संरक्षण की गारंटी देता है।

2025JKSSB

179📚General Science (Physics, Chemistry & Biology)States of Matter Properties

Which state of matter has both a definite shape and a definite volume?

Explanation

Solids have tightly bound constituent particles in fixed lattices, possessing both a definite shape and a definite volume.

पदार्थ की वह अवस्था जिसका निश्चित आकार और निश्चित आयतन दोनों होते हैं, 'ठोस' (Solid) कहलाती है।

2025JKSSB

180📚General Science (Physics, Chemistry & Biology)Kinetic Molecular Theory

What happens to the particles of a substance when it is heated?

Explanation

Heating adds thermal kinetic energy, causing the constituent atoms and molecules to vibrate/move faster and expand/spread apart.

गर्म करने पर पदार्थ के कणों की गतिज ऊर्जा बढ़ती है जिससे वे 'तेज गति से चलते हैं और दूर फैलते हैं' (Move faster and spread apart)।

2025JKSSB

181📚General Science (Physics, Chemistry & Biology)Saturn Rings

Which planet has rings around it?

Explanation

Saturn is globally famous for its spectacular, extensive, and visually prominent planetary ring system composed of ice and rock particles.

विशाल और स्पष्ट वलयों (Rings) वाला ग्रह 'शनि' (Saturn) है।

2025JKSSB

182📚Indian National Movement & Modern HistoryFundamental Rights Article 19

The right to move freely throughout the territory of India comes under which Article of the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

Article 19(1)(d) of the Indian Constitution guarantees to all citizens the fundamental right to move freely throughout the territory of India.

भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में सर्वत्र अबाध संचरण का अधिकार संविधान के 'अनुच्छेद 19' (Article 19(1)(d)) के अंतर्गत आता है।

2025JKSSB

183📚Pharmaceutics, Dosage Forms & BiopharmaceuticsParenteral Particulate Matter Standards

A 500 ml infusion bag of a formulation complies the particulate matter test if the average number of particles greater than or equal to 10 microns, present in the units does not exceed:

Explanation

Under USP <788> and IP particulate matter standards for large volume parenterals (

>100\text{ mL}

), the formulation passes if the average count does not exceed 25 particles/mL

\ge 10\ \mu\text{m}

(and 3 particles/mL

\ge 25\ \mu\text{m}

500 ml इन्फ्यूजन बैग में

10\ \mu\text{m}

से बड़े कणों की औसत संख्या प्रति मिली 25 कणों (25 particles per ml) से अधिक नहीं होनी चाहिए।

2025JKSSB

184📚Pharmaceutical Analysis, Limit Tests & Quality ControlNephelometry Principles

Naphelometry is based on

Explanation

Nephelometry quantitatively measures the intensity of light Scattered at a

90^\circ

angle by suspended colloidal particles in a liquid suspension.

नेफेलोमेट्री (Nephelometry) घोल में उपस्थित निलंबित कणों द्वारा 'प्रकाश के प्रकीर्णन' (Light scattering) के मापन पर आधारित है।

2025JKSSB

185📚Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & General AwarenessIndian Constitution Article 33

Which among the following authorities decides, how far the fundamental rights can apply to the members of the armed forces in India?

Explanation

Under Article 33 of the Constitution of India, the Parliament of India alone has the exclusive constitutional power to restrict or abrogate the application of Fundamental Rights to members of the Armed Forces and Police forces.

भारतीय संविधान के 'अनुच्छेद 33' के तहत केवल 'भारत की संसद' (Parliament of India) को सशस्त्र बलों के मौलिक अधिकारों को संशोधित/सीमित करने का अधिकार है।

2025JKSSB

186📚General English & Basic MathematicsArticles

Fill in the blank using a suitable article:
While reading ______ biography of ______ influential leader, I discovered many lessons applicable to modern-day challenges.

Explanation

The definite article 'the' specifies the particular biography being read, and 'an' precedes the vowel-sound adjective 'influential' ('the, an').

विशिष्ट जीवनी के लिए 'the' और स्वर ध्वनि 'influential' से पहले 'an' का उपयोग होगा ('the, an')।

2025JKSSB

187📚Electrical Measurements, Safety, Grounding & Computer ApplicationsWashing Machine Components

What is the purpose of the agitator in a washing machine?

Explanation

The agitator rotates back and forth to create vigorous water turbulence and mechanical friction, dislodging dirt particles from fabric fibers.

वाशिंग मशीन में एजिटेटर (Agitator) का उद्देश्य ड्रम में अशांत गति (Turbulent motion) उत्पन्न करके कपड़ों से गंदगी को हटाना है।

2025JKSSB

188📚Studio Lighting, Composition & Digital Image ProcessingLighting Atmospheric Elements

How do you make smoke more visible in pictures?

Explanation

Backlighting (positioning the primary light source behind and slightly to the side of the smoke directed toward the camera) strongly illuminates and catches the translucent suspended airborne smoke particles through forward light scattering, making smoke pop dramatically against a dark backdrop.

तस्वीरों में धुएं को स्पष्ट रूप से उभारने के लिए 'बैकलाइटिंग' (Backlighting / पीछे से प्रकाश) का उपयोग किया जाता है।

2025JKSSB

189📚Basic Mathematics, Numerical Ability & Hospital StatisticsMarked Price and Discount

A shopkeeper buys an article for Rs.500. He marks it at 20% above the cost price. If he sells it at 12% discount, what is the selling price?

Explanation

Marked Price

= 500 \times (1 + 0.20) = \text{Rs. } 600

. Discount

= 12\% \text{ of } 600 = \text{Rs. } 72

. Selling Price

= 600 - 72 = \text{Rs. } 528

अंकित मूल्य

= 500 \times 1.20 = 600

रुपये। विक्रय मूल्य

= 600 \times (1 - 0.12) = 528

रुपये (Rs. 528)।

2025JKSSB

190📚Information Sources, Reference Services & BibliometricsIndian Documentation Sources

Index India is published by:

Explanation

Index India, a quarterly documentation list indexing English-language articles on Indian affairs, was initiated in 1967 and published by Rajasthan University Library, Jaipur (edited by N.N. Gidwani).

'इंडेक्स इंडिया' (Index India) त्रैमासिक संदर्भ पत्रिका 'राजस्थान विश्वविद्यालय पुस्तकालय, जयपुर' (University of Rajasthan) द्वारा प्रकाशित की जाती है।

2025JKSSB

191📚Information Sources, Reference Services & BibliometricsJournal Impact Factor

What does "impact factor" indicate in journal selection?

Explanation

The Journal Impact Factor (JIF, developed by Eugene Garfield and published in Clarivate's Journal Citation Reports) measures the average citation frequency of articles published in that journal, reflecting its scholarly influence.

जर्नल इम्पैक्ट फैक्टर (Impact factor) उद्धरणों (Citations) के आधार पर पत्रिका के वैज्ञानिक प्रभाव और गुणवत्ता के स्तर (Level of influence based on citations) को दर्शाता है।

2025JKSSB

192📚Information Sources, Reference Services & BibliometricsPrimary Sources Classification

Primary sources include:
i) Thesis
ii) Patent
iii) Abstracting Periodical
iv) Periodical article
Choose the correct option :

Explanation

Theses/Dissertations, Patents, and peer-reviewed research Periodical articles are Primary Sources of information (Abstracting periodicals are secondary sources). Correct: (i), (ii) and (iv).

प्राथमिक सूचना स्रोतों में 'शोध प्रबंध (Thesis), पेटेंट और शोध पत्रिका लेख' (i, ii और iv) शामिल हैं। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

193📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsPFA Act 1954 Definitions

According to The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954; the word "adulterated" is defined as:
1. If the article is obtained from a diseased animal
2. If the article contains any poisonous or other ingredient which renders it injurious to health
3. Any material which is or could be employed for the purpose of adulteration
4. If the article contains any other substance which affects, or if the article is so processed as to affect, injuriously the nature, substance or quality there of
Which of the given statements is/are correct:

Explanation

Under Section 2(i) of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act 1954, an article of food is deemed to be Adulterated if it is derived from a diseased animal (1), contains poisonous/injurious ingredients (2), or contains foreign matter affecting its nature and quality (4). Statement 3 defines an 'adulterant', not 'adulterated food'. Correct: 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

PFA अधिनियम 1954 की धारा 2(i) के अनुसार मिलावटी भोजन में 1, 2 और 4 शामिल हैं (कथन 3 मिलावटकारी पदार्थ की परिभाषा है)। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

194📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsMisbranded Food Definitions

According to The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954; an article of food shall be deemed to be "misbranded"
1. if it is falsely stated to be the product of any place or country
2. Any article which ordinarily enters into, or is used in the composition or preparation of, human food
3. if it is so coloured, flavoured or coated, powdered or polished that the fact that the article is damaged is concealed or if the article is made to appear better or of greater value than it really is
4. if it is not labelled in accordance with the requirements of this Act or Rules made thereunder
Which of the given statements is/are correct :

Explanation

Under Section 2(ix) of the PFA Act 1954, food is deemed Misbranded if falsely labeled regarding origin (1), colored/coated to conceal damage or inflate value (3), or violating statutory labeling requirements (4). Statement 2 is the definition of 'Food'. Correct: 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

PFA अधिनियम 1954 के तहत 'मिस्ब्रांडेड' भोजन में 1, 3 और 4 शामिल हैं (कथन 2 भोजन की परिभाषा है)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

195📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsFood Inspector Statutory Powers

Consider the following statements:
1. A food inspector shall have power to prohibit the sale of any article of food in the interest of public health with the previous approval of the Local (Health) Authority having jurisdiction in the local area concerned, or with the previous approval of the Food (Health) Authority.
2. A food inspector shall have power to take samples of any article of food from any person selling such article.
3. A food inspector shall have power to prohibit the sale of any article of food in the interest of public health without the previous approval of the Local (Health) Authority having jurisdiction in the local area concerned, or with the previous approval of the Food (Health) Authority.
4. A food inspector shall have power to take samples of any article of food from any person who is in the course of conveying, delivering or preparing to deliver such article to a purchaser or consignee.
Which of the given statements is/are correct :

Explanation

Under Section 10 of PFA Act 1954: A Food Inspector has statutory power to take samples from sellers (2) and transporters/consignees (4), and can prohibit sale in the interest of public health WITH prior approval of Local Health Authority (1). (Statement 3 is false as prior approval is mandatory). Correct: 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

खाद्य निरीक्षक की शक्तियों में 1, 2 और 4 शामिल हैं (बिक्री पर रोक लगाने के लिए स्थानीय स्वास्थ्य प्राधिकरण की पूर्व अनुमति अनिवार्य है)। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

196📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsSeizure and Disposal of Perishable Foods

If any food article seized is of perishable nature and is deteriorated that is unfit for consumption. In such case, as per The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 the food inspector should:

Explanation

Under Section 10(4A) of the PFA Act 1954, if any seized food article is unwholesome, perishable, and deteriorated beyond human consumption, the Food Inspector shall destroy the article with the prior consent of the vendor, or after giving notice in writing to the vendor with the approval of Local Health Authority.

यदि जब्त खाद्य पदार्थ सड़ने वाला और खाने के लिए अयोग्य है, तो खाद्य निरीक्षक विक्रेता को लिखित नोटिस देकर उसे नष्ट (Destroy the food article after giving notice in writing) कर सकता है।

2025JKSSB

197📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsWTO SPS Agreement & Codex

Under the WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement, which of the following is required when setting food safety measures?

Explanation

Under the WTO SPS Agreement (Article 3), member countries are required to base their national food safety regulations on international standards established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Harmonization with Codex).

WTO के SPS समझौते के तहत खाद्य सुरक्षा उपायों को 'कोडेक्स एलिमेंटेरियस मानकों के साथ सामंजस्य' (Harmonization with Codex standards) पर आधारित करना आवश्यक है।

2025JKSSB

198📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsFSSAI Statutory Functions

Which of the following is a key function of FSSAI under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006?

Explanation

Under Section 16 of the FSSA 2006, the principal statutory function of FSSAI is laying down science-based standards for articles of food, food additives, contaminants, and regulating their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale, and import.

FSSA 2006 के तहत FSSAI का मुख्य कार्य 'खाद्य पदार्थों और खाद्य योजकों के लिए विज्ञान-आधारित मानकों का निर्धारण' (Formulation of standards for food articles and additives) करना है।

2025JKSSB

199📚Food Safety Acts, FSSAI Regulations & StandardsContaminants Regulations Scope

Consider the following statements:
Which of the following statements about the "Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins, and Residues) Regulations, 2011" are correct?
1. The regulations specify permissible levels of pesticides in food products
2. The regulations define the maximum allowable levels of toxins such as mycotoxins in food.
3. These regulations are limited to regulating food additives only
4. The regulations apply to both domestic and imported food products in India
Which of the given statements is/are correct:

Explanation

Statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct: The regulations specify MRLs for pesticides (1), mycotoxins like aflatoxins (2), and apply uniformly to both domestic articles and imported consignments (4). Statement 3 is false as food additives are governed by separate Food Additives Regulations. Correct: 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

कथन 1, 2 और 4 सही हैं (कथन 3 गलत है क्योंकि खाद्य योजक अलग नियमों के अंतर्गत आते हैं)। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

200📚Food Processing, Preservation Techniques & PackagingPulverization & Size Reduction

The preservation method known as pulverization works by :

Explanation

Pulverization (mechanical comminution and ultra-fine micro-grinding) dramatically increases specific surface area and particle contact, accelerating moisture removal and desiccation to lower water activity and inhibit microbial proliferation.

पल्वराइजेशन (Pulverization / सूक्ष्म पीसना) भोजन के कणों का आकार घटाकर 'त्वरित निर्जलीकरण करके सूक्ष्मजीवों की वृद्धि को रोकता है' (Dehydrating food by reducing size/surface area)।

2025JKSSB

201📚Food Microbiology, Fermentation & Safety LawsFood Safety Officer Inspection Procedure

Which of the following steps is the correct chronological order of actions taken by a Food Safety Officer when inspecting a food business?
I. Take samples of food articles for analysis.
II. Enter and inspect the premises of the food business.
III. Issue a notice to the food business operator if violations are found.
IV. Seize any adulterated food articles if necessary.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Standard statutory inspection workflow under Section 38 of FSSA 2006: II. Enter and inspect the food premises

->

I. Take food samples for analysis

->

IV. Seize unwholesome/adulterated food articles if necessary

->

III. Issue statutory improvement notice / receipt to the FBO. Correct sequence: II, I, IV, III.

खाद्य सुरक्षा अधिकारी द्वारा निरीक्षण का सही कालानुक्रम: परिसर में प्रवेश व निरीक्षण (II)

->

नमूना लेना (I)

->

मिलावटी भोजन जब्त करना (IV)

->

नोटिस जारी करना (III) (II, I, IV, III)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

202📚Food Microbiology, Fermentation & Safety LawsWTO SPS Risk Assessment

What is the primary purpose of conducting a risk assessment under the SPS Agreement?

Explanation

Under Article 5 of the WTO SPS Agreement, sanitary measures must be based on a scientific Risk Assessment that evaluates the biological likelihood of entry, establishment, or spread of pests and diseases and associated human health risks.

SPS समझौते के तहत जोखिम मूल्यांकन का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य 'कीटों या बीमारियों के प्रवेश, स्थापना या प्रसार की संभावना का वैज्ञानिक मूल्यांकन करना' है।

2025JKSSB

203📚Food Microbiology, Fermentation & Safety LawsFSSA 2006 Unsafe Food Definition

The Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 defines Unsafe Food as:

Explanation

Under Section 3(1)(zz) of FSSA 2006, 'Unsafe Food' means an article of food whose nature, substance or quality is so affected by a poisonous or unwholesome ingredient, processing, or contamination as to render it injurious to health.

FSSA 2006 की धारा 3(1)(zz) के अनुसार 'असुरक्षित भोजन' (Unsafe Food) वह खाद्य पदार्थ है जिसकी प्रकृति, पदार्थ या गुणवत्ता स्वास्थ्य के लिए हानिकारक (Injurious to health) हो।

2025JKSSB

204📚Atmospheric Physics, Air Pollution & Climate ChangeAerosol Particle Dynamics Forces

Which of the following forces is negligible in particle dynamics?

Explanation

In atmospheric aerosol and particulate dynamics, the dominant governing forces are Gravity, Fluid Drag/Resistance, and Buoyancy; intermolecular Electrostatic Repulsion forces between macroscopic aerosol particles are negligible.

कण गतिकी (Particle dynamics) में गुरुत्वाकर्षण और वायु प्रतिरोध की तुलना में 'प्रतिकर्षण बल' (Repulsion forces) नगण्य होता है।

2025JKSSB

205📚Water Quality, Aquatic Chemistry & Wastewater EngineeringTurbidity Principles

Consider the following pairs:
1. Turbidity: Measure of the extent to which light is absorbed or scattered by suspended matter
2. Turbidity: Measure of the extent to which light is absorbed or scattered by dissolved matter
3. Turbidity: Turbidity is not a direct quantitative measure of suspended solids
4. Turbidity: Soaps and detergents do not produce stable colloids that cause turbidity
Which of the above pairs match correctly?

Explanation

Pairs 1 and 3 are correct: Turbidity is an optical property measuring light scattered/absorbed by suspended particulate matter in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU - 1), and because scattering depends on particle shape and refractive index, turbidity is not a direct quantitative mass concentration of total suspended solids (3). Correct: 1 and 3.

कथन 1 और 3 सही हैं (गंदलापन निलंबित कणों द्वारा प्रकाश के प्रकीर्णन का माप है और यह निलंबित ठोस पदार्थों का प्रत्यक्ष भार माप नहीं है)। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

206📚Water Quality, Aquatic Chemistry & Wastewater EngineeringParticle Size Classification in Water

Size ranges of dissolved, colloidal and suspended substances are:
i.

10^{-5}\text{ to }10^{-6}\ \mu\text{m}

ii.

10^{-3}\text{ to }1\ \mu\text{m}

iii.

10^{-5}\text{ to }10^{-1}\text{ mm}

iv.

10^{-8}\text{ to }10^{-6}\text{ mm}

1\text{ to }10^2\ \mu\text{m}

vi.

10^{-3}\text{ to }10\text{ mm}

Choose the Correct Option for [Dissolved, Colloidal, Suspended]:

Explanation

In environmental water classification: Dissolved solids =

< 10^{-3}\ \mu ext{m}

(

< 1 ext{ nm} = 10^{-8} ext{--}10^{-6} ext{ mm}

\implies

iv), Colloidal particles =

10^{-3}\ \mu ext{m} ext{ to }1\ \mu ext{m}

(1 nm to 1

\mu ext{m}

\implies

ii), Suspended solids =

> 1\ \mu ext{m}

(

1 ext{ to }100\ \mu ext{m}

\implies

v). Correct: iv, ii, v.

जल में कणों का आकार: घुलित (

<10^{-3}\ \mu ext{m}

/ iv), कोलाइडल (

10^{-3}-1\ \mu ext{m}

/ ii), निलंबित (

>1\ \mu ext{m}

/ v)। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

207📚Atmospheric Physics, Air Pollution & Climate ChangeParticulate Matter Health Inhalation

Which of the following particles enter into the bloodstream of humans?

Explanation

Fine particulate matter

ext{PM}_{2.5}

(and ultrafine

ext{PM}_{0.1}

) penetrates past the upper respiratory tract deep into the pulmonary alveoli, crossing the alveolar-capillary blood gas barrier directly into the systemic bloodstream.

फेफड़ों की वायु-कूपिकाओं को पार करके सीधे मानव रक्तप्रवाह (Bloodstream) में प्रवेश करने वाले सूक्ष्म कण '

\text{PM}_{2.5}

' (व

\text{PM}_1

) हैं।

2025JKSSB

208📚Atmospheric Physics, Air Pollution & Climate ChangeCyclone Separator Mechanism

Cyclone is one of the particle removal equipment in air pollution studies. Which of the following mechanisms is NOT related to this equipment?

Explanation

Cyclone separators remove dry particulate matter using Centrifugal inertial forces, Impaction against the outer wall, Interception, and Gravity settling; Absorption is a chemical gas-liquid mass transfer process NOT related to cyclone dust collectors.

चक्रवात विभाजक (Cyclone separator) में जड़त्वीय संघट्ट और गुरुत्वाकर्षण काम करते हैं; 'अवशोषण' (Absorption) इससे संबंधित नहीं है।

2025JKSSB

209📚Water Quality, Aquatic Chemistry & Wastewater EngineeringSedimentation Regimes (Type 1)

Type 1 settling in sedimentation is called as:

Explanation

In environmental water and wastewater treatment, sedimentation is classified into four regimes: Type 1 Settling = Discrete Particle Settling (particles settle independently at terminal velocity without flocculation, governed by Stokes' Law).

जल उपचार में टाइप 1 अवसादन (Type 1 settling) को 'असतत कण अवसादन' (Discrete settling / स्टोक्स नियम) कहा जाता है।

2025JKSSB

210📚General Knowledge, Physiology & Current AffairsIndian Polity (Article 370)

What did Article 370 of the Indian Constitution deal with?

Explanation

Article 370 of the Constitution of India conferred temporary Special Autonomous Status to the state of Jammu and Kashmir, modified by Parliament in August 2019.

भारतीय संविधान का अनुच्छेद 370 'जम्मू और कश्मीर के विशेष दर्जे' (The special status of Jammu and Kashmir) से संबंधित था।

2025JKSSB

211📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTParts of Indian Constitution

Match the following Pairs:
Part of the Indian Constitution:
i) Part IV
ii) Part IV A
iii) Part XVII
iv) Part XVIII

Subject mentioned in the part:
1) Fundamental Duties
2) Emergency Provisions
3) Directive Principles
4) Official Languages

Choose the Correct Option:

Explanation

Constitutional Parts: i -> 3 (Part IV: Directive Principles of State Policy, Articles 36–51), ii -> 1 (Part IVA: Fundamental Duties, Article 51A), iii -> 4 (Part XVII: Official Languages, Articles 343–351), iv -> 2 (Part XVIII: Emergency Provisions, Articles 352–360). Correct match: i-3, ii-1, iii-4, iv-2.

i-3 (भाग IV - नीति निदेशक तत्व), ii-1 (भाग IVA - मौलिक कर्तव्य), iii-4 (भाग XVII - राजभाषा), iv-2 (भाग XVIII - आपातकालीन प्रावधान)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

212📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTFundamental Rights Articles

Consider the following matches about the fundamental rights of India:
I. Right to Equality - Article 14-18
II. Right to Freedom of Religion - Article 25-28
III. Cultural and Educational Rights - Articles 23 -24
IV. Right to Constitutional Remedies - Articles 29 - 30
Which among the above is /are correct matches?

Explanation

Matches I and II are correct: Right to Equality is Articles 14–18, Right to Freedom of Religion is Articles 25–28. (Match III is wrong because Arts 23–24 are Right against Exploitation; Match IV is wrong because Art 32 is Right to Constitutional Remedies). Correct: Only I & II.

कथन I और II सही हैं (समानता का अधिकार अनु. 14-18, धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता अनु. 25-28)। सांस्कृतिक और शैक्षिक अधिकार अनु. 29-30 हैं। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

213📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTFundamental Duties Article 51A

Consider the following statements:
I. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
II. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people of India.
III. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
IV. To ensure equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
Which of the above are Fundamental Duties under Article 51 A?

Explanation

Statements I, II, and III are Fundamental Duties enshrined in Article 51A [clauses (i), (e), and (h)]. Statement IV ('equal pay for equal work') is a Directive Principle of State Policy under Article 39(d), not a Fundamental Duty. Correct: Only I, II and III.

कथन I, II और III अनुच्छेद 51A के तहत मौलिक कर्तव्य हैं। समान कार्य के लिए समान वेतन (IV) अनुच्छेद 39(d) के तहत नीति निदेशक तत्व है। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

214📚General English & ComprehensionSentence Rearrangement (Parajumbles)

Given below are four scattered segments of a sentence. Indicate the correct sequence which correctly assembles the segments and completes the sentence:
P. agreed to a ceasefire today
Q. in which 51 people were killed
R. after a week of fighting
S. georgian loyalists and rebel forces
The correct sequence should be:

Explanation

Subject: 'Georgian loyalists and rebel forces' (S)

->

Verb: 'agreed to a ceasefire today' (P)

->

Prepositional clause: 'after a week of fighting' (R)

->

Relative clause: 'in which 51 people were killed' (Q). Correct sequence: S-P-R-Q (PSRQ).

सही वाक्य क्रम: S (जॉर्जियाई वफादार और विद्रोही बल)

->

P (आज संघर्ष विराम पर सहमत हुए)

->

R (एक सप्ताह की लड़ाई के बाद)

->

Q (जिसमें 51 लोग मारे गए)

->

S-P-R-Q (PSRQ)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

215📚General English & ComprehensionFixed Prepositions

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions from the alternatives given below:
Disintegration of the country is inimical.....the progress of the people.

Explanation

The adjective 'inimical' (meaning harmful, hostile, or adverse) takes the fixed preposition 'to' ('inimical to progress').

विशेषण 'inimical' (हानिकारक / प्रतिकूल) के साथ निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन 'to' (inimical to) का प्रयोग होता है।

2025JKSSB

216📚General English & ComprehensionSentence Correction

Out of the four options, select the grammatically correct sentence:

Explanation

'Since the report lacked the needed information it was of no use to them' is grammatically flawless, utilizing proper subordination, definite article 'the', and the idiom 'of no use to them'. Choice D.

व्याकरणिक रूप से सबसे सटीक और स्पष्ट वाक्य विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

217📚Digital Journalism, Online Media & Communication Research MethodologyOnline Journalism (Hyperlinking)

What is the main advantage of hyperlinking in online media?

Explanation

Hyperlinking creates non-linear digital narratives by embedding clickable web links that allow readers to instantly cross-reference primary sources, related articles, background context, and multimedia evidence with a single click.

ऑनलाइन मीडिया में हाइपरलिंकिंग का मुख्य लाभ 'उपयोगकर्ताओं को एक क्लिक से अतिरिक्त जानकारी तक पहुँचने की अनुमति देना' (Access additional information with a single click) है।

2025JKSSB

218📚Digital Journalism, Online Media & Communication Research MethodologyDigital vs Print Journalism Comparison

Which of the following statements about the difference between digital and print journalism are correct?
i. Digital journalism allows for real-time updates.
ii. Print journalism is more interactive than digital journalism.
iii. Digital media provides hyperlinking to related content.
iv. Print journalism is more suitable for listicles and bullet-point articles.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Statements i and iii are correct: Digital journalism enables instantaneous live blogging/real-time updates (i) and embeds hyperlinks to primary sources (iii). (Statement ii is false as digital is more interactive; iv is false as listicles are native to digital publishing). Correct: i and iii only.

कथन i और iii सही हैं (डिजिटल पत्रकारिता में वास्तविक समय के अपडेट और हाइपरलिंकिंग की सुविधा होती है)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

219📚Digital Journalism, Online Media & Communication Research MethodologyDigital Journalism (Listicles)

What is a Listicle in digital journalism?

Explanation

A Listicle is a popular form of digital journalism and online content where an article is structured around a numbered or bulleted list with concise explanatory text and embedded multimedia.

डिजिटल पत्रकारिता में 'लिस्टिकल' (Listicle) 'संख्यात्मक सूची प्रारूप में लिखा गया संक्षिप्त लेख' (Article in list format with supporting text) होता है।

2025JKSSB

220📚Digital Journalism, Online Media & Communication Research MethodologyPrint to Digital Media Transition

What is the primary reason print organizations initially failed when moving to digital platforms?

Explanation

Early legacy print publishers suffered from 'shovelware' practices—merely uploading static digital replicas (PDFs/unaltered print articles) of print editions without optimizing for online scannability, search engine indexing, hyperlinking, and multimedia interaction.

डिजिटल मंचों पर समाचार पत्रों के शुरुआती विफल होने का मुख्य कारण 'डिजिटल पाठकों के अनुकूल बनाए बिना पूरे अखबार को हूबहू ऑनलाइन डालना' (Shovelware / Static replica) था।

2025JKSSB

221📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsPolar Coordinates Velocity

The polar coordinates of a particle are given by

(r = 2 + 3t^2)

and

(\theta = 2 + 1.5t^2)

where r is in meters,

\theta

is in radians and t is in seconds. Determine the magnitude of the velocity (v) when

t = 3\text{ s}

Explanation

t = 3\text{ s}

r = 2 + 3(3^2) = 29\text{ m}

. Radial velocity

\dot{r} = \frac{dr}{dt} = 6t = 6(3) = 18\text{ m/s}

. Angular position

\theta

, angular velocity

\dot{\theta} = \frac{d\theta}{dt} = 3t = 3(3) = 9\text{ rad/s}

. Transverse velocity

v_\theta = r\dot{\theta} = 29 \times 9 = 261\text{ m/s}

. Total velocity magnitude

v = \sqrt{v_r^2 + v_\theta^2} = \sqrt{18^2 + 261^2} = \sqrt{324 + 68121} = \sqrt{68445} \approx 261.62\text{ m/s} \approx 261\text{ m/s}

. Choice B.

ध्रुवीय वेग:

v_r = 6(3) = 18\text{ m/s}

v_\theta = r\dot{\theta} = 29 \times 9 = 261\text{ m/s}

। कुल वेग

v = \sqrt{18^2 + 261^2} \approx 261\text{ m/s}

। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

222📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsConservation of Angular Momentum

A mass is moving with a constant velocity with respect to X-axis, then its angular momentum with respect to origin will:

Explanation

For a particle moving along a straight horizontal trajectory (

y = d

) at constant velocity

\vec{v} = v\hat{i}

, the angular momentum about origin is

\vec{L} = \vec{r} \times m\vec{v} = (x\hat{i} + d\hat{j}) \times m v\hat{i} = -m v d\,\hat{k} = \text{Constant}

(Remains constant in magnitude and direction).

नियत वेग से एक सीधी रेखा में गतिमान कण का मूल बिंदु के सापेक्ष कोणीय संवेग 'स्थिर रहता है' (Remain constant /

L = mvd

)।

2025JKSSB

223📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsKinematics of Rigid Bodies (Plane Motion)

_______ of a rigid body is easily demonstrated by rolling a right circular cylinder or disk along a flat surface in such a way that its geometric axis always remains parallel to itself.

Explanation

Plane Motion (General Plane Motion) of a rigid body occurs when all particles move along parallel planes; rolling a cylinder on a flat surface exemplifies combined planar translation of the center of mass and rotation about the axis.

समतल सतह पर सिलेंडर के लुढ़कने की गति दृढ़ पिंड की 'समतल गति' (Plane motion / जनरल प्लेन मोशन) को दर्शाती है।

2025JKSSB

224📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsLinear Momentum and Impulse

Consider the following statements related to momentum and impulse:
1. Momentum of the particle is given by the product of mass and velocity of the particle. The unit of momentum is kg m/s.
2. Impulse of the particle is given by the product of force and the time of applied force. The unit of impulse is N s or kg m/s.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Both statements are fundamental physical definitions: Linear Momentum is

ec{p} = m ec{v}

(

ext{kg}\cdot ext{m/s}

- 1), and Impulse is

ec{J} = \int ec{F}\,dt = \Delta ec{p}

(

ext{N}\cdot ext{s} = ext{kg}\cdot ext{m/s}

- 2). Correct: Statement 1 and 2 are correct.

कथन 1 और 2 दोनों सही हैं (संवेग

p=mv

और आवेग

J=F \Delta t

दोनों की इकाई

ext{kg m/s}

या

ext{N s}

होती है)। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

225📚Environmental Engineering, Mechanics & DynamicsNewton's Laws of Motion Matching

Match List - I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List I (Newton's Laws of Motion):
i. Newton's 1st Law of Motion
ii. Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
iii. Newton's 3rd Law of Motion

List II (Concepts):
1. F = ma
2. F_AB = - F_BA
3. A particle remains at rest or continuous to move in a straight line with a constant speed if the resultant force acting on it is zero

Choose the correct option:

Explanation

i -> 3 (1st Law: Law of Inertia / equilibrium), ii -> 1 (2nd Law:

F = ma

), iii -> 2 (3rd Law: Action-reaction

F_{AB} = -F_{BA}

). Correct match: (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-2.

i-3 (प्रथम नियम - जड़त्व), ii-1 (द्वितीय नियम -

F=ma

), iii-2 (तृतीय नियम - क्रिया-प्रतिक्रिया

F_{AB}=-F_{BA}

)। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

226📚Applied Physics, Electromagnetism & Solid State DevicesQuantum Mechanics (1D Box Expectation Value)

A particle of mass "m" is confined to a one-dimensional box between

x = 0

and

x = L

. Find the expectation value of the position x of the particle in the ground state:

Explanation

For a particle in a 1D infinite square well, the probability density

|\psi_1(x)|^2 = rac{2}{L}\sin^2\left( rac{\pi x}{L} ight)

is symmetric about the center of the box; thus, the quantum expectation value of position

\langle x angle = \int_0^L x |\psi_1(x)|^2 dx = rac{L}{2}

1D बॉक्स में कण की स्थिति का प्रत्याशा मान (Expectation value) सममिति के कारण

\langle x \rangle = L/2

होता है।

2025JKSSB

227📚Sociology, Social Stratification & Social DevelopmentConstitutional Provisions (73rd Amendment)

Which of the following amendments to constitution of India grants a constitutional status of Panchayat Raj system?

Explanation

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 inserted Part IX (Articles 243 to 243-O) and the 11th Schedule into the Constitution of India, conferring constitutional status and a three-tier structure upon Panchayati Raj Institutions.

भारत के संविधान का '73वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम 1992' पंचायती राज व्यवस्था को संवैधानिक दर्जा प्रदान करता है।

2025JKSSB

228📚Sociology, Social Stratification & Social DevelopmentSocial Justice & Affirmative Action

How does the state ensure Social Justice for historically disadvantageous sections of society?

Explanation

Constitutional democracies ensure compensatory social justice for historically marginalized and oppressed communities primarily through Affirmative Action policies (such as educational and employment reservations, quotas, and targeted welfare schemes under Articles 15(4) and 16(4)).

राज्य ऐतिहासिक रूप से वंचित वर्गों के लिए सामाजिक न्याय मुख्य रूप से 'सकारात्मक कार्रवाई / आरक्षण नीतियों' (Affirmative action) के माध्यम से सुनिश्चित करता है।

2025JKSSB

229📚Social Work Methods, Criminology & Social PolicyEcological Social Work Theory

Who is the writer of the article "The Person is Ecological: Environmentalism of Social Work"?

Explanation

Howard Goldstein authored the foundational social work literature article 'The Person is Ecological: Environmentalism of Social Work' (1996), emphasizing the holistic interaction between individual psychological well-being and ecological environmental systems.

'द पर्सन इज इकोलॉजिकल: एनवायरनमेंटलिज्म ऑफ सोशल वर्क' (1996) प्रसिद्ध लेख के लेखक 'हावर्ड गोल्डस्टीन' (Howard Goldstein) हैं।

2025JKSSB

230📚Front Office Operations, Hospitality Management & TourismLeft Luggage Tagging

A tag that is attached to every article that is kept in the left luggage room is called a:

Explanation

When temporary baggage is deposited in the hotel left luggage room, a numbered Luggage Tag (Baggage Claim Tag) is attached to the luggage handle and the corresponding numbered counterfoil/receipt is handed to the guest.

अमानती सामान कक्ष (Left luggage room) में रखे प्रत्येक सामान पर लगाया जाने वाला टैग 'लगेज टैग / बैगेज टैग' (Luggage tag) कहलाता है।

2025JKSSB

231📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill the blank with the most suitable preposition from the given options: "It was very generous ....................you to offer to help me."

Explanation

The standard English prepositional idiom attributing a personal quality or behavior to someone is 'generous of [someone]' (e.g. 'It was very kind/generous of you').

किसी के उदार व्यवहार की सराहना के लिए 'generous of you' का प्रयोग किया जाता है। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

232📚General English & ComprehensionArticles

Fill in the blank with appropriate article: "I go to Srinagar by ....................Vande Bharat Express."

Explanation

Definite article 'The' is mandatory before the proper names of specific trains, ships, and recognized transport routes (e.g. 'the Vande Bharat Express', 'the Rajdhani Express').

विशिष्ट ट्रेनों और एक्सप्रेस गाड़ियों के नाम के पहले 'The' का प्रयोग किया जाता है ('the Vande Bharat Express')। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

233📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTIndian Polity (Fundamental Duties)

The Fundamental Duties of an Indian citizen under Article 51A include:
1. Respect for the Constitution, the National Flag and the National Anthem
2. To develop the scientific temper
3. Respect for the Government
4. To protect Wildlife
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

Explanation

Under Article 51A of the Constitution of India, Fundamental Duties include respecting the Constitution, Flag and Anthem [51A(a)], protecting forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife [51A(g)], and developing scientific temper and humanism [51A(h)]. 'Respect for the Government' is NOT a fundamental duty. Correct: 1, 2 and 4 (Choice B).

अनुच्छेद 51A के तहत मौलिक कर्तव्यों में संविधान व ध्वज का सम्मान (1), वैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण (2) और वन्यजीवों की रक्षा (4) शामिल हैं ('सरकार का सम्मान' कोई मौलिक कर्तव्य नहीं है)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

234📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTIndian Political System

Which of the following statements about the Indian political system is/are correct?
(i) The president is both Head of the State and Head of the Government.
(ii) Parliament is Supreme.
(iii) The Supreme Court is the guardian of the Constitution.
(iv) The Directive Principles of State Policy are justifiable.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Explanation

In India's parliamentary constitutional framework: (i) is false (President is Head of State, while Prime Minister is Head of Government); (ii) is false (The Constitution is supreme, not Parliament); (iii) is TRUE (The Supreme Court is the custodian, interpreter, and guardian of the Constitution via judicial review); (iv) is false (DPSP under Article 37 are non-justiciable). Correct: (iii) only.

भारतीय राजनीतिक व्यवस्था में केवल कथन (iii) सत्य है: 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय संविधान का संरक्षक है'। (राष्ट्रपति केवल राष्ट्राध्यक्ष हैं, संसद सर्वोच्च नहीं बल्कि संविधान सर्वोच्च है, और नीति निर्देशक तत्व गैर-न्यायिक हैं)। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

235📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTConstitutional Bodies (Attorney General)

Which of the following statement(s) is/are NOT correct about the Attorney General of India?
I. The President appoints a person, who is qualified to be a Judge of a High Court, to be the Attorney General of India.
II. He has the right of audience in all the Courts of the country.
III. He has the right to take part in the proceedings of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
IV. He has a fixed tenure.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Explanation

Under Article 76: Statement I is NOT correct (must be qualified to be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court, not High Court). Statement IV is NOT correct (holds office during the pleasure of the President, with no fixed tenure specified in the Constitution). Statements II and III are correct [Articles 76(3) and 88]. Correct answer for NOT correct: I and IV (Choice A).

कथन I और IV गलत हैं क्योंकि महान्यायवादी (AGI) बनने के लिए सुप्रीम कोर्ट का जज होने की योग्यता चाहिए (हाई कोर्ट नहीं) और उनका कोई निश्चित कार्यकाल नहीं होता (वे राष्ट्रपति के प्रसादपर्यंत पद धारण करते हैं)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

236📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UTJ&K Constitutional History (Article 370)

Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Jammu & Kashmir was granted special status under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution.
Reason (R): Article 370 allowed J&K to have its own constitution and autonomy over all matters except defense, foreign affairs, finance, and communications.
Which statement is are correct?

Explanation

Both Assertion and Reason are historically and constitutionally accurate: Article 370 conferred a unique constitutional asymmetric status upon J&K (A), specifically restricting Parliament's legislative powers to defense, external affairs, communications, and ancillary financial matters while permitting a separate state Constitution (R). Choice A.

अभिकथन A और कारण R दोनों सत्य हैं तथा R, A की सही व्याख्या करता है (अनुच्छेद 370 के तहत रक्षा, विदेश मामले और संचार को छोड़कर J&K को स्वायत्तता प्राप्त थी)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

237📚Animal Sciences, Zoology, Veterinary Physiology & ImmunologyUrochordata (Endostyle)

Which of the following is/are true about the endostyle in Urochordates (e.g. Herdmania)?
I. It is involved in filter feeding.
II. It secretes mucus to trap food particles.
III. It is homologous to the thyroid gland in vertebrates.
IV. It is present only in the larval stage.
Options:

Explanation

Statements I, II, and III are true: The endostyle on the ventral floor of the pharynx secretes iodinated mucus to trap suspended micro-food particles during ciliary filter feeding (I, II), and biochemical and developmental studies confirm it is evolutionary homologous to the vertebrate Thyroid Gland (III). Statement IV is false because the endostyle is retained and functions actively throughout adult urochordate life. Correct: I, II, and III (Choice B).

कथन I, II और III सही हैं (एंडोस्टाइल फिल्टर फीडिंग करता है, बलगम स्रावित करता है और कशेरुकियों की थायरॉयड ग्रंथि के समजात है; यह वयस्क में भी रहता है अतः IV गलत है)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

238📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "I was advised to abstain ________ all alcoholic drinks."

Explanation

The verb 'abstain' standardly takes the preposition 'from' (abstain from something = to restrain oneself from indulging).

क्रिया 'abstain' के साथ हमेशा 'from' प्रीपोजिशन का प्रयोग होता है: 'abstain from all alcoholic drinks'। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

239📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "He had to repent ________ what he had done."

Explanation

One repents 'of' or 'for' a past misdeed or action ('repent for what he had done'). Choice D.

किए गए कार्य पर पछतावा व्यक्त करने के लिए 'repent for' का प्रयोग किया जाता है। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

240📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "Ravi could not dissociate himself ________ what he said earlier."

Explanation

The verb 'dissociate' consistently collocates with the preposition 'from' ('dissociate oneself from something').

क्रिया 'dissociate' के साथ प्रीपोजिशन 'from' का प्रयोग होता है: 'dissociate himself from'। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

241📚General English & ComprehensionSpelling Test

Find the correct spelling from the given options:

Explanation

The correct spelling is 'Bibliography' (a list of the books or articles referred to in a scholarly work). Choice A.

सही वर्तनी 'Bibliography' (ग्रंथ सूची) है। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

242📚Basic Mathematics, Numerical Ability & ReasoningCost and Ratios

Price of each article of type P, Q, and R is Rs. 300, Rs. 180 and Rs. 120 respectively. Suresh buys articles of each type in the ratio 3:2:3 in Rs. 6480. How many articles of type Q did he purchase?

Explanation

Let quantities bought be

3k, 2k, 3k

. Total cost:

3k(300) + 2k(180) + 3k(120) = 6480 \implies 900k + 360k + 360k = 6480 \implies 1620k = 6480 \implies k = 4

. Articles of type Q purchased

= 2k = 2 \times 4 = 8

. Choice A.

लागत समीकरण:

3k(300) + 2k(180) + 3k(120) = 1620k = 6480 \implies k = 4

। वस्तु Q की संख्या

= 2 \times 4 = 8

। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

243📚General Awareness & Current Affairs (National & J&K)Indian Polity (Right to Equality)

According to the Indian Constitution, which of the following is NOT included within the Right to Equality (Articles 14 to 18)?

Explanation

The Right to Equality guarantees Equality before law (Art 14), Non-discrimination (Art 15), Equality of opportunity in public employment (Art 16), and Abolition of untouchability (Art 17). 'Absolute equality' does not exist as reasonable classifications and affirmative actions are constitutional.

समानता के अधिकार में 'पूर्ण समानता' (Absolute equality) शामिल नहीं है क्योंकि संविधान सामाजिक न्याय हेतु सकारात्मक भेदभाव की अनुमति देता है।

2025JKSSB

244📚General Awareness & Current Affairs (National & J&K)Indian Polity (42nd Amendment)

The Fundamental Duties were incorporated into the Indian Constitution by which Constitutional Amendment?

Explanation

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 inserted Part IVA and Article 51A into the Constitution of India, introducing 10 Fundamental Duties (an 11th duty was added later by the 86th Amendment in 2002).

मौलिक कर्तव्यों को संविधान में '42वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम 1976' (42nd Amendment) द्वारा जोड़ा गया था।

2025JKSSB

245📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "I was advised to abstain ________ all alcoholic drinks."

Explanation

The verb 'abstain' standardly takes the fixed preposition 'from' (to abstain from doing something or consuming something).

क्रिया 'abstain' के साथ निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन 'from' का प्रयोग होता है ('abstain from alcoholic drinks')। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

246📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "He had to repent ________ what he had done."

Explanation

In formal English usage, the intransitive verb 'repent' takes the preposition 'of' (e.g. to repent of one's sins or wrongdoings). Choice B.

अंग्रेजी व्याकरण में 'repent of' का प्रयोग किसी किए गए कार्य पर पश्चाताप करने के लिए होता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

247📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blank with correct preposition: "Ravi could not dissociate himself ________ what he said earlier."

Explanation

The verb 'dissociate' governs the preposition 'from' (to dissociate oneself from a statement, organization, or action).

'Dissociate' के साथ प्रीपोजिशन 'from' का प्रयोग होता है ('dissociate himself from')। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

248📚Basic Mathematics & Quantitative AptitudeRatio Applications in Purchases

Price of each article of type P, Q, and R is Rs. 300, Rs. 180 and Rs. 120 respectively. Suresh buys articles of each type in the ratio 3:2:3 in Rs. 6480. How many articles of type Q did he purchase?

Explanation

Let the number of articles purchased be

3x, 2x, 3x

. Total expenditure:

3x(300) + 2x(180) + 3x(120) = 6480 \implies 900x + 360x + 360x = 6480 \implies 1620x = 6480 \implies x = 4

. Number of articles of type Q

= 2x = 2 \times 4 = 8

. Choice A.

लागत समीकरण:

3x(300) + 2x(180) + 3x(120) = 6480 \implies 1620x = 6480 \implies x = 4

। Q प्रकार की वस्तुएँ

= 2 \times 4 = 8

। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

249📚General Science & EnvironmentAir Pollution (Smog)

Smog is produced due to the combination of:

Explanation

The term 'Smog' is a portmanteau blending 'smoke' and 'fog', referring to a dense atmospheric haze formed by smoke particles trapped in cold fog with atmospheric pollutants.

स्मॉग (धुआंसा) 'धुएं और कोहरे' (Smoke and fog) के मिश्रण से बनता है।

2025JKSSB

250📚Indian Polity, History & GeographyIndian Polity (Fundamental Rights)

How many Fundamental Rights are currently guaranteed in the Indian Constitution?

Explanation

Originally there were 7 Fundamental Rights, but the Right to Property (Article 31) was omitted by the 44th Amendment in 1978, leaving currently 6 Fundamental Rights (Articles 12 to 35).

भारतीय संविधान में वर्तमान में कुल '6' मौलिक अधिकार (Fundamental Rights) प्रदत्त हैं।

2025JKSSB

251📚Indian Polity, History & GeographyRight to Equality (Articles 14-18)

According to the Indian Constitution, which of the following rights is NOT included in the Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)?

Explanation

Right to Equality includes: Equality before Law (Art 14), Prohibition of discrimination (Art 15), Equality of opportunity in public employment (Art 16), and Abolition of untouchability (Art 17). The concept of 'Absolute equality' does not exist in constitutional jurisprudence because reasonable classification is permitted.

समानता के अधिकार में 'पूर्ण समानता' (Absolute equality) शामिल नहीं है; विधि के समक्ष समानता, अवसर की समानता और अस्पृश्यता उन्मूलन शामिल हैं। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

252📚Indian Polity, History & GeographyConstitutional Amendments (42nd Amendment)

The Fundamental Duties were included in the Indian Constitution by which of the following Constitutional Amendments?

Explanation

Fundamental Duties were added to Part IV-A of the Constitution under Article 51A by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.

मौलिक कर्तव्यों को '42वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976' द्वारा संविधान के भाग IV-A में जोड़ा गया था।

2025JKSSB

253📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsIndian Economy & Taxation (GST Council)

Which of the following are part of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council of India?
I. Cabinet Ministers of Union Government
II. Union Finance Minister
III. Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance
IV. The Minister in charge of Finance for each state or any minister nominated by the state government
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Under Article 279A of the Indian Constitution, the GST Council consists of: Union Finance Minister (Chairperson - II), Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue/Finance (Member - III), and the State Finance/Taxation Ministers nominated by each State/UT (Members - IV). Union Cabinet Ministers generally (I) are not members. Correct: II, III, and IV (Choice C).

अनुच्छेद 279A के तहत जीएसटी परिषद में केंद्रीय वित्त मंत्री (II), वित्त राज्य मंत्री (III) और राज्यों के वित्त मंत्री (IV) शामिल होते हैं (II, III, and IV)। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

254📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsJ&K Reorganisation Act 2019

Which of the following provisions was repealed by the Jammu & Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019?

Explanation

The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (together with Constitutional Orders C.O. 272 and 273) abrogated the special status under Article 370, nullified Article 35A, and repealed the separate Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir

\implies

All of the above. Choice D.

जम्मू और कश्मीर पुनर्गठन अधिनियम 2019 द्वारा अनुच्छेद 370, अनुच्छेद 35A और जम्मू-कश्मीर का अलग संविधान सभी समाप्त कर दिए गए (All of the above)।

2025JKSSB

255📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsConstitutional Law (Article 35A)

Article 35A of the Indian Constitution, which was applicable only to Jammu and Kashmir, was concerned with:

Explanation

Article 35A empowered the J&K State Legislature to define 'Permanent Residents' and confer special rights and privileges upon them, including the exclusive right to purchase immovable property (prohibiting land acquisition by non-residents) and state government employment.

अनुच्छेद 35A जम्मू और कश्मीर के 'स्थायी निवासियों' को विशेष अधिकार देता था और गैर-निवासियों को जमीन खरीदने से रोकता था (Prohibition of land sale to non-residents)।

2025JKSSB

256📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsConstituent Assembly & Article 370

Who was primarily responsible for drafting Article 370 of the Indian Constitution in the Constituent Assembly?

Explanation

Narasimha Gopalaswami Ayyangar (former Prime Minister of J&K and Minister without Portfolio in Nehru's Cabinet) drafted and piloted Article 306A (which became Article 370) in the Constituent Assembly of India in 1949.

संविधान सभा में अनुच्छेद 370 का प्रारूप तैयार करने और प्रस्तुत करने वाले प्रमुख व्यक्ति 'एन. गोपालस्वामी अय्यंगार' (N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar) थे।

2025JKSSB

257📚General English & Reading ComprehensionRelative Pronouns

Select the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: "I have nobody ________ I can confide in."

Explanation

The relative pronoun serves as the grammatical object of the preposition 'in' ('confide in whom'); therefore, the objective case pronoun 'whom' is grammatically correct.

प्रीपोजिशन 'in' के कर्म के रूप में ऑब्जेक्टिव प्रोनाउन 'whom' ('nobody whom I can confide in') सही है। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

258📚General English & Reading ComprehensionError Detection (Nouns)

Identify the part of the sentence that contains an error: "This room would appear much more appealing (A) / if you put a furniture (B) / in that corner. (C) / No error (D)"

Explanation

Part (B) is erroneous because 'furniture' is an uncountable (mass) noun and cannot be preceded by the indefinite article 'a'. It should be 'a piece of furniture' or simply 'some furniture'. Choice B.

भाग (B) में त्रुटि है क्योंकि 'furniture' एक अगणनीय (uncountable) संज्ञा है, इसके आगे 'a' नहीं लग सकता ('a piece of furniture' सही होगा)।

2025JKSSB

259📚General English & Reading ComprehensionArticles

Fill in the blanks with suitable options: "On ________ cold December evening, ________ doorbell wouldn't stop ringing at my house."

Explanation

We use indefinite article 'a' before an unspecific descriptive singular time reference ('On a cold December evening') and definite article 'the' before a specific unique object in the household ('the doorbell'). Choice A.

सही आर्टिकल संयोजन: 'On a cold December evening, the doorbell wouldn't stop ringing'. सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

260📚General English & Reading ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with suitable preposition: "She was absent ________ school yesterday."

Explanation

The adjective 'absent' standardly takes the preposition 'from' ('absent from school/work'). Choice A.

'Absent' के साथ निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन 'from' का प्रयोग किया जाता है ('absent from school')। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

261📚General EnglishArticles & Error Spotting

Spot the error in the following sentence:
(A) Some people say that
(B) her husband is in the jail
(C) and so she lives alone.
(D) No error.

Explanation

Part (B) contains an error. Institutional nouns like prison, jail, school, hospital, and church do not take the definite article 'the' when visited or inhabited for their primary purpose ('in jail' as a prisoner). Choice B.

भाग (B) में त्रुटि है: जब 'jail' का उपयोग कैदी के रूप में कारावास के मूल उद्देश्य के लिए होता है, तो आर्टिकल 'the' नहीं लगता ('her husband is in jail')। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

262📚General EnglishDeterminers & Error Spotting

Spot the error in the following sentence:
(A) The police should exercise
(B) their authority with little
(C) bit of sensitivity and humanity.
(D) No error.

Explanation

Part (B/C) is erroneous because 'little' without an article means almost none (negative), whereas the context demands positive sensitivity: it should be 'with a little bit of sensitivity' or 'with some sensitivity'. Choice B.

भाग (B) में त्रुटि है: सकारात्मक संवेदनशीलता दर्शाने के लिए 'with a little bit' का प्रयोग होना चाहिए ('little' का अर्थ न के बराबर होता है)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

263📚General EnglishPrepositions of Time

Spot the error in the sentence:
(A) I have not seen him since twenty years
(B) and so I cannot say with certainty
(C) whether he is alive or dead.
(D) No error

Explanation

Part (A) contains an error. 'Since' is used for a specific point in time, while 'for' is used for a duration or period of time ('for twenty years', not 'since twenty years'). Choice A.

भाग (A) में त्रुटि है: समय की अवधि (20 वर्ष) के लिए 'for' का प्रयोग किया जाता है, 'since' का नहीं ('for twenty years')। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

264📚General EnglishPrepositions

Choose the correct preposition: "Fate smiles ________ those who untiringly grapple with stark realities of life."

Explanation

The figurative idiom is 'fate/fortune smiles on (or upon) someone' (meaning to bestow good fortune or favor). Choice B.

भाग्य मेहरबान होने के संदर्भ में 'Fate smiles on' का प्रयोग किया जाता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

265📚General EnglishPrepositions (Beside vs Besides)

Choose the correct preposition: "________ a doctor, he is an actor."

Explanation

'Besides' means in addition to or as well as ('In addition to being a doctor, he is an actor'). 'Beside' means by the side of.

'Besides' का अर्थ 'के अतिरिक्त' होता है ('Besides a doctor, he is an actor')। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

266📚General Awareness, Current Affairs & J&K UT Special ReferenceConstitutional History (Article 370)

Which article of the Indian Constitution ensured the special asymmetric status of Jammu and Kashmir prior to August 2019?

Explanation

Article 370 of the Indian Constitution conferred temporary special status on Jammu and Kashmir from 1949 until its effective abrogation on 5 August 2019.

अगस्त 2019 से पूर्व जम्मू और कश्मीर को विशेष दर्जा 'अनुच्छेद 370' (Article 370) के तहत प्राप्त था।

2025JKSSB

267📚Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Quality Control & InstrumentationPrecipitation & Coagulation

The process of smaller colloidal particles of a precipitate clumping together to form larger, filterable particles is called:

Explanation

Coagulation (or agglomeration/flocculation) is the process whereby unstable colloidal particles coalesce and aggregate into larger, visible, filterable masses, typically induced by heating, stirring, or adding an electrolyte. (Peptization is the reverse process).

अवक्षेप के छोटे कोलाइडल कणों के आपस में जुड़कर बड़े कण बनाने की प्रक्रिया को 'स्कंदन' (Coagulation) कहा जाता है।

2025JKSSB

268📚Ecology, Environmental Science, Conservation & WildlifeRadiation Biology & Mutagenesis

Consider the following statements regarding ionizing radiation hazards:
Assertion (A): Radioactive environmental pollution can induce severe genetic mutations and chromosomal aberrations in living organisms.
Reason (R): Ionizing radiation deposits high energy that damages DNA molecules by directly and indirectly breaking covalent phosphodiester and hydrogen chemical bonds.
Which one of the following options is correct?

Explanation

Both statements are true and causally explanatory: High-energy ionizing particles (alpha, beta, gamma rays) ionize water to generate reactive hydroxyl radicals and directly cause double-strand DNA breaks and base transversion mutations (R), directly driving permanent somatic malignancies and germline genetic mutations (A). Choice A.

अभिकथन A और कारण R दोनों सही हैं तथा R, A की सही व्याख्या करता है (आयनकारी विकिरण डीएनए के रासायनिक बंधों को तोड़कर गुणसूत्रीय क्षति और उत्परिवर्तन उत्पन्न करता है)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

269📚Radiation Oncology Physics, Linac Dosimetry & Treatment PlanningRadiation Physics & Ionization

Which of the following is a directly ionizing particle?

Explanation

Directly ionizing radiation consists of fast charged particles (electrons, positrons, protons, alpha particles, heavy ions) that deposit energy directly via Coulomb interactions along their tracks. Photons and neutrons are uncharged and therefore classified as indirectly ionizing radiation.

इलेक्ट्रॉन (Electron) एक आवेशित कण होने के कारण प्रत्यक्ष आयनकारी कण (Directly ionizing particle) है, जबकि न्यूट्रॉन और फोटॉन अप्रत्यक्ष आयनकारी होते हैं। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

270📚Radiation Oncology Physics, Linac Dosimetry & Treatment PlanningMonte Carlo Dose Calculations

Which of the following is a key advantage of using Monte Carlo simulations for electron transport in radiation dosimetry?

Explanation

Monte Carlo simulation is considered the gold standard in radiotherapy dosimetry because it tracks millions of individual particle histories using stochastic interaction cross-sections, providing unmatched accuracy in modeling complex 3D patient geometries, air cavities, bone interfaces, and tissue inhomogeneities.

रेडिएशन डोसिमेट्री में मोंटे कार्लो (Monte Carlo) सिमुलेशन का सबसे बड़ा लाभ यह है कि यह जटिल शारीरिक संरचनाओं और ऊतकों की असमानताओं (Tissue inhomogeneities) में सटीक डोज़ गणना कर सकता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

271📚Radiation Oncology Physics, Linac Dosimetry & Treatment PlanningProton & Particle Therapy Physics

The penumbra for proton beams ________ as the depth increases.

Explanation

As protons penetrate matter, they undergo continuous small-angle Coulomb scattering events off atomic nuclei (multiple Coulomb scattering). This cumulative lateral deflection increases with depth, causing the lateral beam edge penumbra to progressively widen as the beam approaches the Bragg peak.

प्रोटॉन बीम जैसे-जैसे ऊतक में गहराई तक जाती है, एकाधिक कूलम्ब प्रकीर्णन के कारण उसका पेनम्ब्रा (Penumbra) बढ़ता जाता है (Increases)। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

272📚Radiation Oncology Physics, Linac Dosimetry & Treatment PlanningMonte Carlo Dose Calculations

What is the primary purpose of using Monte Carlo techniques in photon and neutron transport?

Explanation

Monte Carlo algorithms use pseudo-random sampling of fundamental probability density functions (cross-sections) to simulate individual particle collisions, scattering angles, and energy depositions, enabling the rigorous statistical modeling of complex particle transport phenomena across heterogeneous media.

फोटॉन और न्यूट्रॉन परिवहन में मोंटे कार्लो तकनीकों का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य यादृच्छिक लेकिन सांख्यिकीय रूप से पूर्वानुमानित तरीके से जटिल भौतिक अंतःक्रियाओं को सटीक मॉडल करना है। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

273📚Radiation Oncology Physics, Linac Dosimetry & Treatment PlanningMonte Carlo Dose Calculations

Which process is typically modelled in Monte Carlo simulations for photon and neutron transport?

Explanation

Monte Carlo radiation transport packages (such as EGSnrc, MCNP, and Geant4) comprehensively simulate the stochastic physical interactions of particles with matter, including Compton scattering, photoelectric absorption, pair production, coherent scattering, neutron elastic/inelastic scattering, and transmission.

मोंटे कार्लो सिमुलेशन में मुख्य रूप से पदार्थों के साथ विकिरण की अंतःक्रियाओं (जैसे प्रकीर्णन, अवशोषण और संचरण) को सांख्यिकीय रूप से मॉडल किया जाता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

274📚Radiation Protection, Shielding, Radiobiology & Waste ManagementBeta Particle Range & Shielding

The 2.2 MeV betas from ^90 Sr will travel about ________ in tissue and ________ in air.

Explanation

The maximum range of high-energy beta particles in unit-density tissue is given approximately by the empirical rule

R_{\text{tissue}} \approx \frac{E_{\max}}{2}\text{ cm} = \frac{2.2}{2} = 1.1\text{ cm} \approx 1\text{ cm}

. Since the density of air is approximately

1/800

that of tissue, the range in air is roughly

R_{\text{air}} \approx 1\text{ cm} \times 800 = 800\text{ cm} = 8\text{ meters}

2.2 MeV बीटा कणों की ऊतक में अधिकतम सीमा

R \approx E/2 \approx 1.1\text{ cm} \approx 1\text{ cm}

होती है और हवा में यह लगभग 8 मीटर (8m) होती है। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

275📚Physical Sciences & Engineering PhysicsQuantum Mechanics & Wave Functions

In the context of quantum mechanics, what does the normalization of a wave function mean?

Explanation

According to Born's statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics, the probability density of finding a particle is given by

|\psi(\vec{r}, t)|^2

. Normalization scales the wave function such that the integral over all space satisfies

\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} |\psi|^2 dV = 1

, expressing the physical certainty that the particle exists somewhere in the universe.

क्वांटम यांत्रिकी में तरंग फलन के प्रसामान्यीकरण (Normalization) का अर्थ है कि संपूर्ण ब्रह्मांड/अंतरिक्ष में कण के पाए जाने की कुल प्रायिकता 1 के बराबर होती है (

\int |\psi|^2 dV = 1

)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

276📚Chemical Sciences & Environmental ChemistryAtmospheric Chemistry & Aerosols

Which of the following sequences of processes leads to the formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere in the correct order, from smallest to largest particle size.

Explanation

In atmospheric aerosol physical chemistry, gas-to-particle conversion proceeds in sequence: (1) Nucleation of low-volatility gas molecules into embryonic nanometer clusters; (2) Condensation of atmospheric vapors onto these nuclei; (3) Coagulation (Brownian collisions merging particles into larger agglomerates); and (4) Hygroscopic Growth via water vapor uptake into accumulation mode particulate matter.

वायुमंडल में कणिकीय पदार्थ (Particulate matter) के निर्माण का सही क्रम: न्यूक्लियेशन (नाभिकीय उद्भव) -> संघनन (Condensation) -> स्कंदन (Coagulation) -> वृद्धिकरण (Growth) है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

277📚Chemical Sciences & Environmental ChemistryWater Treatment & Coagulation

What is the function of flocculation after the coagulation process?

Explanation

In water treatment, coagulation rapidly destabilizes suspended colloidal charges, while subsequent gentle, slow mechanical mixing during flocculation facilitates particle collisions, allowing microscopic precipitates to agglomerate into large, dense 'flocs' that readily settle out during sedimentation.

स्कंदन (Coagulation) के बाद फ्लोकुलेशन (Flocculation) की धीमी गति से मिलाने की प्रक्रिया फ्लॉक्स को बड़ा बनाने (To allow flocs to grow larger) में मदद करती है ताकि उन्हें आसानी से अवसादित और अलग किया जा सके। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

278📚General English & ComprehensionArticles & Determiners

Choose the correct option to fill in the blank:
_____ Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world

Explanation

In standard English grammar, names of individual mountain peaks (e.g., Mount Everest, Mount Kilimanjaro, Mont Blanc) do not take the definite article 'the', unlike mountain ranges (e.g., the Himalayas, the Alps).

एकल पर्वत चोटियों (जैसे Mount Everest) के नाम के आगे किसी आर्टिकल (No Article) का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

279📚General English & ComprehensionArticles & Error Detection

Select one of the following options, the sentence of which is written with incorrect article usage.

Explanation

The word 'European' begins with a consonant glide sound /j/ ('yoo-roh-pee-an'). Therefore, it takes the indefinite article 'a', NOT 'an' ('a European tourist'). Sentence B contains incorrect article usage.

'European' का उच्चारण व्यंजन ध्वनि /j/ (यूरोपियन) से शुरू होता है, इसलिए इसके पहले 'a' का प्रयोग होना चाहिए, 'an' का नहीं। अतः वाक्य B में आर्टिकल का गलत प्रयोग है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

280📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition
He was accused _____ plagiarism after submitting his thesis.

Explanation

The adjective/verb 'accuse' takes the fixed preposition 'of' ('accused of a crime/misconduct').

'Accused' के साथ निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन 'of' का प्रयोग होता है (accused of plagiarism)। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

281📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions & Phrasal Verbs

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition
You are running so fast that I cannot catch _____ with you.

Explanation

The phrasal verb 'catch up with' means to reach the same level, speed, or quality as someone ahead.

किसी के बराबर पहुँचने के लिए 'catch up with' का प्रयोग होता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

282📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with the correct pair of prepositions from the given choices.
He waved at his parents _____ the platform as the train was pulling _____ the station.

Explanation

Idiomatic spatial prepositions: standing 'on the platform', and a train 'pulling out of the station'.

सही प्रीपोजिशन युग्म: 'on the platform' और 'pulling out of the station' होगा। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

283📚General Awareness, Science & J&K UT Special ReferenceIndian Polity & Environmental Law

Environmental Pollution Act of 1986 was enacted under _______ of the Indian Constitution.

Explanation

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted by Parliament under Article 253 of the Constitution of India, which empowers the Union to make laws for implementing international treaties and agreements (specifically the 1972 UN Stockholm Conference on Human Environment).

पर्यावरण (संरक्षण) अधिनियम, 1986 भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 253 (अंतरराष्ट्रीय समझौतों को लागू करने की शक्ति) के तहत पारित किया गया था। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

284📚Camera Mechanics, Optics & Exposure TrianglePhysics of Light

What is a photon?

Explanation

In quantum physics, a photon is an elementary particle representing a quantum of light or electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy proportional to the radiation frequency:

E = h\nu

फोटॉन (Photon) प्रकाश ऊर्जा का एक मूल कण (A particle of light energy) या क्वांटम है, जिसकी ऊर्जा आवृत्ति के समानुपाती (

E = h\nu

) होती है। सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

285📚Lighting Techniques, Composition & Studio PhotographyFashion Photography Genres

Consider the following statements in context to Fashion Photography:
I: Catalog Photography – these photographs are taken to showcase products to consumers.
II: High fashion - is made to capture the essence of fashion in everyday life and trends among the people out and about.
III: Street (or alternative) Fashion: big labels use this style of fashion photos where styling is at the forefront.
IV: Editorial - Many magazines use this style in their images to tell a story using images or using photos to compliment a larger text.
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Statements I and IV are accurate:
- Catalog photography cleanly displays apparel and accessories for direct consumer sales.
- Editorial fashion photography is narrative-driven imagery created for fashion publications (like Vogue) to accompany articles.
Statements II and III are false because their definitions are swapped: High fashion (haute couture) features avant-garde luxury label styling, whereas Street fashion captures everyday candid trends.

कथन I और IV सही हैं: कैटलॉग फोटोग्राफी उपभोक्ताओं को उत्पाद दिखाने के लिए की जाती है, और एडिटोरियल फोटोग्राफी पत्रिकाओं में कहानी सुनाने के लिए की जाती है। हाई-फैशन और स्ट्रीट-फैशन की परिभाषाएं उलट दी गई हैं। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

286📚Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Hydrology & IrrigationMechanics of Soil Erosion

Soil erosion by rainfall starts with

Explanation

Water erosion progresses sequentially in distinct stages: (1) Splash erosion (detachment of soil particles caused directly by the kinetic impact of falling raindrops), (2) Sheet erosion (uniform removal of thin layers of soil by surface runoff), (3) Rill erosion (formation of small, distinct channels), (4) Gully erosion, and (5) Stream bank erosion. Hence, rainfall erosion starts with splash erosion.

वर्षा द्वारा मृदा अपरदन (Soil erosion) विभिन्न चरणों में शुरू होता है: सबसे पहले वर्षा की बूंदों के गतिज प्रभाव से मिट्टी के कण अलग होते हैं जिसे 'स्पलैश अपरदन' (Splash erosion) कहा जाता है। इसके बाद परत अपरदन (Sheet), अवनालिका अपरदन (Rill) और गली अपरदन (Gully) होता है। अतः सही उत्तर Splash erosion (विकल्प B) है।

2025JKSSB

287📚Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Hydrology & IrrigationVegetative Erosion Control

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by holding soil particles together
ii. Vegetation reduces soil erosion by reducing raindrop impact
iii. Vegetation decreases soil erosion by decreasing infiltration rate
Choose the Correct Option:

Explanation

Statement i is correct because extensive plant root networks bind soil particles together mechanically. Statement ii is correct because plant canopies intercept falling raindrops, dissipating their kinetic energy. Statement iii is incorrect because vegetation increases (not decreases) soil infiltration rates by creating root channels/macropores and improving organic matter content.

कथन i सही है क्योंकि पौधों की जड़ें मिट्टी के कणों को बाँधकर रखती हैं। कथन ii सही है क्योंकि वनस्पति की छतरी वर्षा की बूंदों के आघात को धीमा कर देती है। कथन iii गलत है क्योंकि वनस्पति मिट्टी की अंतःस्यंदन दर को बढ़ाती है (घटाती नहीं)। अतः केवल i और ii सही हैं (विकल्प C)।

2025JKSSB

288📚Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Hydrology & IrrigationHydraulics of Water Erosion

When slope of a land is increased four times the erosive capacity of flowing water is

Explanation

According to principles of soil conservation hydraulics: (1) Velocity of runoff is proportional to the square root of slope (

v \propto S^{1/2}

); if slope increases 4 times, velocity is doubled (

2\times

). (2) The erosive power / erosive capacity of flowing water varies as the square of velocity (

v^2 \propto S

), so doubling velocity increases erosive capacity by 4 times (

2^2 = 4

). (Note: carrying capacity varies as

v^5 = 32\times

, and size of particles pushed varies as

v^6 = 64\times

). Hence, erosive capacity increases four times.

मृदा संरक्षण यांत्रिकी के अनुसार, ढलान (Slope) 4 गुना होने पर अपवाह का वेग दोगुना (

v \propto \sqrt{S}

) हो जाता है। बहते जल की अपरदन क्षमता (Erosive capacity) वेग के वर्ग (

v^2

) के समानुपाती होती है, अतः अपरदन क्षमता

2^2 = 4

गुना बढ़ जाती है (विकल्प B)। (कणों को ले जाने की क्षमता 32 गुना तथा सबसे बड़े कण का आकार 64 गुना बढ़ता है)।

2025JKSSB

289📚Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Hydrology & IrrigationWind Erosion Mechanics

Size of the soil particles that can be transported by wind in saltation

Explanation

Wind erosion transports particles via three distinct physical modes: (1) Suspension: very fine particles (< 0.1 mm) carried aloft in the atmosphere, (2) Saltation: medium-sized soil grains between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm that bounce in short leaps along the surface (representing 50% to 75% of total wind erosion), (3) Surface creep: larger particles (0.5 mm to 1.0 mm or 2.0 mm) rolled along the surface.

वायु अपरदन में 'उत्परिवर्तन' (Saltation) द्वारा गति करने वाले मिट्टी के कणों का आकार 0.1 से 0.5 मिमी (0.1 - 0.5 mm) होता है। यह कुल वायु अपरदन का 50% से 75% हिस्सा होता है। 0.1 मिमी से छोटे कण निलंबन (Suspension) तथा 0.5 मिमी से बड़े कण सतह विसर्पण (Surface creep) द्वारा चलते हैं। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

290📚Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Hydrology & IrrigationWind Erosion Dynamics

Which of the following statements are correct?
i. The transporting power of wind depends on its velocity
ii. The transporting power of wind depends on the shape of the particle.
iii. The transporting power of wind depends on the RH of the environment
Choose the Correct Option:

Explanation

Statement i is correct because aerodynamic drag and kinetic transport capacity vary with the cube of wind velocity (

v^3

). Statement ii is correct because particle shape directly governs its aerodynamic drag coefficient, settling velocity, and aerodynamic lift. Statement iii is incorrect because relative humidity (RH) in the atmosphere does not govern the dynamic fluid transport capacity of wind in motion. Thus, statements i and ii are correct.

कथन i सही है क्योंकि हवा की परिवहन क्षमता उसके वेग के घन (

v^3

) के समानुपाती होती है। कथन ii सही है क्योंकि कण का आकार और आकृति (Shape) उसके ड्रैग गुणांक को प्रभावित करती है। कथन iii गलत है क्योंकि परिवेश की सापेक्ष आर्द्रता हवा की गतिशील परिवहन शक्ति को निर्धारित नहीं करती। अतः विकल्प A (i and ii) सही है।

2025JKSSB

291📚Renewable Energy & Electrical EngineeringBiomass Gasification Technologies

Which one of the following is a lean phase reactor?

Explanation

In biomass gasification and chemical reactor classification, fixed-bed reactors (updraft, downdraft, crossdraft) operate with high solids concentration as dense packed beds. Fluidized bed gasifiers (bubbling or circulating) operate with solid fuel particles suspended in a flowing upward gas stream, functioning in the dilute/lean phase regime in the riser/freeboard.

गैसीफायर रिएक्टरों में, फिक्स्ड-बेड (अपड्राफ्ट और डाउनड्राफ्ट) सघन चरण (Dense bed) में काम करते हैं, जबकि 'फ्लूइडाइज्ड बेड गैसीफायर' (Fluidized bed gasifier) में ठोस कण गैस की धारा में निलंबित रहते हैं और यह लीन/डाइल्यूट फेज रिएक्टर (Lean phase reactor) के अंतर्गत आता है। सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSB

292📚Agricultural Process Engineering, Post-Harvest & Protected CultivationPhysical Properties of Agricultural Grains

Sphericity is defined as the ratio of

Explanation

By standard definition in particle technology and agricultural process engineering (Wadell, 1932): Sphericity (

\psi

) is defined as the ratio of the surface area of a sphere having the same volume as the particle/grain (

A_s

) to the actual surface area of the grain (

A_p

\psi = \frac{A_s}{A_p} = \frac{d_e}{d_c}

कृषि प्रसंस्करण इंजीनियरिंग में कण की 'गोलाकारिता' (Sphericity) को 'अनाज के समान आयतन वाले गोले के पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल' तथा 'अनाज के वास्तविक पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल' के अनुपात के रूप में परिभाषित किया जाता है। अतः सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

293📚Preventive Conservation, Heritage Material Science & Conservation ChemistryConservation Tools & Environmental Control

Match the following atmospheric control tools with their corresponding functions in Preventive Conservation:
Tools:
1. HVAC Systems
2. Silica Gel
3. UV Filters
4. Air Purifiers
Functions:
i. Controls relative humidity levels in enclosed spaces.
ii. Filters harmful ultraviolet rays from lighting systems.
iii. Regulates temperature and humidity levels systematically.
iv. Removes airborne pollutants and dust particles.
Options:

Explanation

Environmental tools and roles: (1) HVAC Systems systematically regulate whole-building climate (temperature and humidity) (iii); (2) Silica Gel provides passive relative humidity buffering inside sealed showcases (i); (3) UV Filters block ultraviolet wavelengths from daylight and artificial illumination (ii); (4) Air Purifiers extract particulate dust and acidic gaseous contaminants (iv). Match: 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iv.

उपकरण और उनके कार्य: (1) HVAC सिस्टम - पूरे भवन में तापमान और आर्द्रता का व्यवस्थित नियंत्रण (iii); (2) सिलिका जेल - बंद डिस्प्ले केस में सापेक्ष आर्द्रता नियंत्रित रखना (i); (3) UV फिल्टर - प्रकाश व्यवस्था से हानिकारक पराबैंगनी किरणों को रोकना (ii); (4) एयर प्यूरीफायर - वायुजनित प्रदूषकों और धूल कणों को हटाना (iv)। सही विकल्प A (1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iv) है।

2025JKSSBCulture Department (Directorate of Archives, Archaeology and Museums)

294📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsConstitutional Provisions & Article 370

Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Article 370 was a temporary provision in the Indian Constitution that granted special status to Jammu and Kashmir.
Reason (R): The abrogation of Article 370 in 2019 required an amendment to the Indian Constitution through a one-third majority in Parliament.
Which of the above statement are correct?

Explanation

Assertion (A) is true: Article 370 was placed under Part XXI ('Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions') of the Indian Constitution. Reason (R) is false: The abrogation in August 2019 was executed via Presidential Orders (C.O. 272 and C.O. 273) and statutory resolutions passed by simple majority, not through a constitutional amendment requiring a non-existent 'one-third majority'.

अभिकथन (A) सही है: अनुच्छेद 370 भारतीय संविधान के भाग XXI में एक अस्थायी प्रावधान था जिसने जम्मू और कश्मीर को विशेष दर्जा दिया था।
कारण (R) गलत है: 2019 में अनुच्छेद 370 को निष्प्रभावी करने के लिए राष्ट्रपति के आदेश (C.O. 272 और 273) और संसद में सांविधिक संकल्प पारित किए गए थे, किसी 'एक-तिहाई बहुमत' वाले संविधान संशोधन की आवश्यकता नहीं थी। अतः A सत्य है, लेकिन R असत्य है।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

295📚General Awareness with Special Reference to J&K UT & Current AffairsArticles of the Indian Constitution

Match the column of the article of the Indian Constitution listed in Column -X with their objectives in Column -Y:
Column - X:
1. Article 21
2. Article 9
3. Article 4

Column - Y:
I. No dual citizenship
II. Protection of life and liberty
III. Laws of State Reorganization

Explanation

Article 21 guarantees Protection of life and personal liberty (II). Article 9 specifies that persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State cease to be citizens of India (No dual citizenship - I). Article 4 pertains to laws made under Articles 2 and 3 for the reorganization of states not being considered amendments under Article 368 (III). Hence, 1-II, 2-I, 3-III.

अनुच्छेद 21: जीवन और व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता का संरक्षण (II)।
अनुच्छेद 9: विदेशी राज्य की नागरिकता स्वेच्छा से अर्जित करने वाले व्यक्तियों का नागरिक न होना / दोहरी नागरिकता की मनाही (I)।
अनुच्छेद 4: राज्यों के पुनर्गठन संबंधी कानून (III)।
सही मिलान 1-II, 2-I, 3-III है।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

296📚General English & ComprehensionPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition: Are you aware of the reason ______ his absence?

Explanation

The noun 'reason' is idiomatic with the preposition 'for' when explaining the cause or motive of something ('the reason for his absence').

संज्ञा 'reason' के साथ कारण बताने के लिए उपयुक्त Preposition 'for' का प्रयोग किया जाता है ('the reason for his absence')।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

297📚General English & ComprehensionVocabulary & Contextual Fillers

Fill in the blank with the suitable word: Although a solution may not be immediately apparent, the key was to start a ______ between them.

Explanation

The singular countable noun 'conversation' preceded by the indefinite article 'a' appropriately completes the idiomatic expression 'to start a conversation between them' (referring to initiating constructive dialogue).

अनिश्चित उपपद 'a' के साथ एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा 'conversation' उपयुक्त बैठती है। 'to start a conversation between them' का अर्थ दोनों पक्षों के बीच संवाद की शुरुआत करना है।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

298📚General English & ComprehensionSpotting Errors

Identify the part of the sentence that contains an error, if any. If the sentence is error-free, select ‘No error’: A large-scale exchange of nuclear weapons (A) / would release unprecedented levels of radiation (B) / capable of penetrating into the biological tissue (C) / No error (D).

Explanation

'Penetrate' is a transitive verb that directly takes an object without the preposition 'into' (e.g., 'penetrating biological tissue', not 'penetrating into biological tissue'). Additionally, 'the biological tissue' should be non-specific 'biological tissue'. Hence, part (C) contains the grammatical error.

'Penetrate' एक सकर्मक क्रिया (transitive verb) है, जिसके बाद सीधे कर्म आता है, Preposition 'into' का प्रयोग गलत और अनावश्यक है ('penetrating biological tissue')। अतः भाग (C) में त्रुटि है।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

299📚Quantitative Aptitude & MathematicsProfit and Loss

Vaishali Sharma bought an article for Rs. 5,744. She gave Rs. 256 to a mechanic to remove its defect. She then sold it for Rs. 5,700. What was her loss percent?

Explanation

Total Cost Price (

CP

) = Purchase price + Repair cost =

5744 + 256 = \text{Rs. } 6000

.
Selling Price (

SP

) = Rs. 5700.
Loss =

CP - SP = 6000 - 5700 = \text{Rs. } 300

.
Loss percent =

\frac{300}{6000} \times 100 = 5\%

कुल क्रय मूल्य (

CP

) =

5744 + 256 = 6000

रुपये।
विक्रय मूल्य (

SP

) = 5700 रुपये।
हानि =

6000 - 5700 = 300

रुपये।
हानि प्रतिशत =

\frac{300}{6000} \times 100 = 5\%

।

2025JKSSBLabour & Employment Department

300📚Indian Cinema, Visual Communication & Media LawsConstitution of India & Press Freedom

Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees freedom of speech and expression, including freedom of the press?
A) Article 14
B) Article 19(1)(a)
C) Article 21
D) Article 32

Explanation

Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India guarantees to all citizens the fundamental right to 'freedom of speech and expression', which the Supreme Court has consistently held includes the freedom of the press (Romesh Thappar v. State of Madras, Indian Express Newspapers case).

भारतीय संविधान का अनुच्छेद 19(1)(क) सभी नागरिकों को 'वाक् और अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता' की गारंटी देता है, जिसमें प्रेस की स्वतंत्रता भी अंतर्निहित है। अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

301📚Indian Cinema, Visual Communication & Media LawsArticle 19(2) Constitutional Restrictions

Which of the following is NOT a ground for reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(2)?
A) Sovereignty and integrity of India
B) Public order
C) Economic stability
D) Decency or morality

Explanation

Under Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution, the eight specified grounds for imposing reasonable restrictions are:
1. Sovereignty and integrity of India
2. Security of the State
3. Friendly relations with foreign States
4. Public order
5. Decency or morality
6. Contempt of court
7. Defamation
8. Incitement to an offence.
'Economic stability' is NOT a constitutional ground for restricting free speech.

संविधान के अनुच्छेद 19(2) में वाक् स्वतंत्रता पर युक्तियुक्त प्रतिबंध के 8 आधार दिए गए हैं। 'आर्थिक स्थिरता' (Economic stability) इनमें शामिल नहीं है।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

302📚Indian Cinema, Visual Communication & Media LawsAbsolute Privilege in Law

Which of the following is an example of absolute privilege in the context of defamation law?
A) Statements made by witnesses in court
B) Statements made on the floor of the legislature
C) Statements made by journalists in news reports
D) Statements made by public servants in official reports

Explanation

Under Article 105(2) (for Members of Parliament) and Article 194(2) (for State Legislators) of the Indian Constitution, absolute privilege completely protects anything said or vote given on the floor of the legislature against any court proceedings, including defamation.

भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 105 और 194 के तहत सांसदों और विधायकों द्वारा 'विधानमंडल/संसद के पटल पर दिए गए बयानों' को पूर्ण विशेषाधिकार (Absolute Privilege) प्राप्त होता है, जिस पर मानहानि का मुकदमा नहीं चल सकता।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

303📚Indian Cinema, Visual Communication & Media LawsMedia Laws & Constitutional Focus

Match the following laws with their primary focus:
1. Official Secrets Act, 1923
2. Contempt of Courts Act, 1971
3. Article 19(1)(a)
4. Defamation Law
Focus:
i. Regulates freedom of speech and expression
ii. Protects classified government information
iii. Ensures respect for judicial authority
iv. Protects individuals from false attacks on reputation
Choose the correct option:

Explanation

Matching:
- Official Secrets Act, 1923: Protects classified state security documents (1-ii).
- Contempt of Courts Act, 1971: Upholds dignity and authority of the judiciary (2-iii).
- Article 19(1)(a): Guarantees free speech and expression (3-i).
- Defamation Law: Protects individuals from reputation damage (4-iv).

कानूनों का उनके मुख्य उद्देश्य से सही मिलान:
1. शासकीय गुप्त बात अधिनियम: सरकारी गोपनीय जानकारी का संरक्षण (ii)
2. न्यायालय अवमानना अधिनियम: न्यायिक सत्ता और सम्मान की सुरक्षा (iii)
3. अनुच्छेद 19(1)(क): वाक् व अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता (i)
4. मानहानि कानून: प्रतिष्ठा पर झूठे हमलों से व्यक्ति की सुरक्षा (iv)। अतः सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

304📚Journalism, Digital Media, PR & AdvertisingAdvertorials & Ethics in Journalism

A newspaper publishes a feature article about a new product launch, presenting it as a news story without disclosing that it was paid for by the company. What is this practice most commonly referred to as?
A) Investigative journalism
B) Public relations
C) Advertorial
D) Editorial independence

Explanation

An 'Advertorial' (paid news / native advertising) is an advertisement formatted to deliberately mimic the editorial layout and objective tone of an authentic news story without explicit disclosure to readers.

जब कोई समाचार पत्र किसी नए उत्पाद के प्रचार लेख को समाचार की तरह छापता है और यह नहीं बताता कि इसके लिए भुगतान लिया गया है, तो इसे 'एडवरटोरियल' (Advertorial) या पेड न्यूज कहा जाता है।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

305📚Journalism, Digital Media, PR & AdvertisingKeywords & Search Engine Optimization

What is the primary role of keywords in online content?
A) To confuse search engines and reduce visibility
B) To make the content longer and more detailed
C) To improve search engine optimization and attract readers
D) To replace the need for visuals in online articles

Explanation

In Search Engine Optimization (SEO), keywords align content with users' search queries, assisting web crawlers in indexing pages accurately and driving organic organic search traffic to articles.

ऑनलाइन सामग्री में कीवर्ड्स (Keywords) का प्राथमिक कार्य सर्च इंजन ऑप्टिमाइजेशन (SEO) को बेहतर बनाना और संबंधित खोजकर्ताओं व पाठकों को वेबसाइट पर आकर्षित करना है।

2025JKSSBHigher Education Department

306📚Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Agricultural MeteorologySoil Physical Properties

Select the permanent property of soil:

Explanation

Soil texture (the relative proportion of sand, silt, and clay particles smaller than 2 mm) is an inherent, unchangeable, permanent physical property of soil that cannot be significantly modified by ordinary agricultural operations. Moisture, structure, and temperature change continuously.

मृदा बनावट या कण-आकार (Soil Texture - बालू, सिल्ट और क्ले का सापेक्ष अनुपात) मिट्टी का एक स्थायी (permanent) भौतिक गुण है जिसे सामान्य जुताई या कृषि क्रियाओं द्वारा बदला नहीं जा सकता। संरचना और नमी परिवर्तनशील होते हैं। अतः सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSBAgriculture Production & Farmer Welfare / Horticulture Department

307📚History of Photography & Classical Chemical ProcessesPhotographic Emulsions & Chemical Development

Which chemical is used in developing a photo from a photographic film?

Explanation

Silver bromide (AgBr), along with other silver halides, is the primary light-sensitive chemical suspended in the gelatin emulsion of photographic film. During development, exposed silver bromide grains are chemically reduced into dark metallic silver particles to form the image.

फोटोग्राफिक फिल्म से फोटो तैयार करने में प्रकाश-संवेदनशील सिल्वर ब्रोमाइड (Silver bromide - AgBr) मुख्य घटक होता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

308📚Basic English & ComprehensionSpotting Errors (Articles)

Find the error in one part of the given sentence: In a history of Indian (1)/ rulers, Harshavardhan's regime of (2)/ a few years is one of the best periods. (3)/ No error (4)

Explanation

Error is in part (1). The definite article 'the' must be used instead of the indefinite article 'a' when referring to a specific, unique historical account: 'In the history of Indian rulers...'.

त्रुटि भाग (1) में है। किसी विशिष्ट ऐतिहासिक संदर्भ के लिए अनिश्चित उपपद 'a' के स्थान पर निश्चित उपपद 'the' का प्रयोग होना चाहिए: 'In the history of Indian rulers...'। अतः सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

309📚Basic English & ComprehensionSpotting Errors (Prepositions)

Find the error in one part of the given sentence: They persisted (1)/ on their going (2)/ inspite of rain. (3)/ No error (4)

Explanation

Error is in part (2). The verb 'persist' takes the fixed preposition 'in', not 'on': 'They persisted in their going...' or 'They persisted in going...'.

त्रुटि भाग (2) में है। क्रिया 'persist' के साथ सही प्रीपोजिशन 'in' का प्रयोग होता है, 'on' का नहीं ('persisted in going')। अतः सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

310📚Basic English & ComprehensionSentence Improvement (Infinitives)

Improve the bold part of the sentence: Although he was tired, he went out for playing.

Explanation

The infinitive of purpose 'to play' correctly replaces the unidiomatic prepositional phrase 'for playing' in past tense: 'Although he was tired, he went out to play.'

उद्देश्य प्रकट करने के लिए 'for playing' के स्थान पर इन्फिनिटिव 'to play' का प्रयोग सही है: 'Although he was tired, he went out to play.'। अतः सही विकल्प C है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

311📚Basic English & ComprehensionCloze Test & Prepositions

Refer cloze passage blank 56: ...when the trio disappeared (56) some hedges.

Explanation

Objects vanishing from sight go 'behind' an obstruction: 'disappeared behind some hedges'.

झाड़ियों की ओट में छिपने के संदर्भ में प्रीपोजिशन 'behind' (पीछे) सही है। अतः सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

312📚Basic English & ComprehensionSentence Improvement (Prepositions)

Improve the bold part: It became clear that the strangers were heading into a serious disaster.

Explanation

The natural English preposition indicating movement in the direction of a predicament is 'towards' (or 'for'): 'heading towards a serious disaster'.

आपदा की दिशा में बढ़ने के संदर्भ में 'heading towards' का प्रयोग सबसे उपयुक्त है। अतः सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

313📚Basic English & ComprehensionSpotting Errors (Relative Pronouns)

Find the error: The teachers, who I worked with, (A)/ were very insensitive (B)/ towards children's needs. (C)/ No error (D)

Explanation

Error is in part (A). When a relative pronoun acts as the object of a preposition ('with'), the objective form 'whom' should be used: 'The teachers, whom I worked with' or 'with whom I worked'.

त्रुटि भाग (A) में है। प्रीपोजिशन 'with' के कर्म के रूप में 'who' के स्थान पर ऑब्जेक्टिव प्रोनाउन 'whom' का प्रयोग होना चाहिए: 'The teachers, with whom I worked...'। अतः सही विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSBVarious Departments

314📚Motor Parts, Assemblies, Maintenance & DiagnosticsTire Tribology & Friction Mechanics

The force responsible for the wearing out of the car tires is

Explanation

Tyre tread abrasion is caused by Frictional force (dry sliding and rolling friction) acting at the tire-pavement contact patch during acceleration, steering maneuvers, and braking deceleration, which mechanically shears microscopic rubber particles over time.

कार के टायरों के घिसने के लिए मुख्य रूप से टायर और सड़क के बीच लगने वाला 'घर्षण बल' (Frictional force) उत्तरदायी होता है। सही विकल्प D है।

2025JKSSB

315📚Virology, Medical Parasitology & EntomologyViral Vaccines & Immunization Principles

The measles vaccine administered in immunization programs is classified as a:

Explanation

The measles vaccine (such as the Edmonston-Enders strain, administered alone or combined as MMR/MR) is a live attenuated viral vaccine. It contains live virus particles that have been weakened through repeated passage in chick embryo cell culture, allowing them to replicate and stimulate lifelong humoral and cellular immunity without provoking clinical disease.

टीकाकरण कार्यक्रमों में दी जाने वाली खसरे (Measles) की वैक्सीन 'लाइव एटेन्यूएटेड वैक्सीन' (Live attenuated vaccine - जीवित क्षीण टीका) के रूप में वर्गीकृत की गई है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

316📚Mycology & Fungal PathogenesisCryptococcal Diagnostics: Negative Staining

India ink preparation is useful for identifying which fungal infection?

Explanation

India ink negative staining is a rapid microscopic diagnostic test for Cryptococcus neoformans in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or other body fluids. The colossal acidic mucopolysaccharide (glucuronoxylomannan) capsule excludes the black colloidal carbon particles, standing out as a conspicuous luminous halo surrounding the budding yeast cell.

इंडिया इंक प्रिपरेशन (India ink preparation) का उपयोग 'क्रिप्टोकोकस नियोफॉर्मन्स' (Cryptococcus neoformans) के कैप्सूल की पहचान करने के लिए किया जाता है, जो काले बैकग्राउंड में एक स्पष्ट प्रभामंडल (halo) दिखाता है। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

317🔬General ScienceFood Technology & Preservation

Which of the following statements are true about Cold Plasma technology in food preservation?
I. Cold plasma uses ionized gas to inactivate microbes.
II. It alters the texture and flavour of food significantly.
III. It is suitable for surface decontamination.
IV. It requires high temperatures for operation.

Explanation

Statements I and III are correct. Cold atmospheric plasma generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), UV photons, and charged particles in an ionized gas at near room temperature to decontaminate food surfaces without thermal damage.

कथन I और III सही हैं। कोल्ड प्लाज्मा कमरे के तापमान पर आयनित गैस (ionized gas) का उपयोग करके सूक्ष्मजीवों को निष्क्रिय करता है (I) और यह खाद्य सतह के परिशोधन (surface decontamination) के लिए सर्वोत्तम है (III)।

2025JKSSB

318🔬General ScienceAgriculture & Plant Protection

Match the pesticide formulations with their types:
i. EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate)
ii. WP (Wettable Powder)
iii. SC (Suspension Concentrate)
iv. GR (Granules)
1. Mixed with water, forms emulsion
2. Applied as dry powder in suspension
3. Fine solid particles in liquid
4. Applied as solid without water
Options:

Explanation

Pesticide formulation matches:
- EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate) (i) -> Mixed with water, forms milky oil-in-water emulsion (1)
- WP (Wettable Powder) (ii) -> Dry powder forming a suspension when mixed with water (2)
- SC (Suspension Concentrate) (iii) -> Stable suspension of fine insoluble solid active ingredient in a liquid (3)
- GR (Granules) (iv) -> Ready-to-use coarse solid particles applied directly to soil without water (4)
Thus, Option A (i-1, ii-2, iii-3, iv-4) is correct.

कीटनाशक फॉर्मूलेशन का सही मिलान:
- EC (i) -> पानी के साथ मिलकर इमल्शन बनाता है (1)
- WP (ii) -> पानी में निलंबन बनाने वाला सूखा पाउडर (2)
- SC (iii) -> तरल में सूक्ष्म ठोस कणों का सस्पेंशन (3)
- GR (iv) -> बिना पानी के सीधे उपयोग किए जाने वाले दाने (4)। अतः विकल्प A सही है।

2025JKSSB

319📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsIndian Polity & Municipalities

Which of the following statements regarding Article 243T of the Indian Constitution, inserted by the 74th Amendment Act, are correct?
A) It deals with the constitution and composition of ward committees consisting of elected members representing each ward in a Municipality.
B) It provides for the reservation of seats in every municipality for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.
C) It mandates the reservation of one-third of the total number of seats for women, including women belonging to SCs and STs.
D) It allows the state legislature to provide for the reservation of seats for backward classes.

Explanation

Article 243T of the Indian Constitution (introduced by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992) explicitly provides for the reservation of seats in every Municipality for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in proportion to their population (Clause 1), as well as reservation for women (Clause 3). Primary subject-heading of Article 243T is 'Reservation of seats'.

74वें संविधान संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया अनुच्छेद 243T (Article 243T) नगर पालिकाओं में अनुसूचित जातियों (SC) और अनुसूचित जनजातियों (ST) के लिए जनसंख्या के अनुपात में सीटों के आरक्षण तथा महिलाओं के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

2025JKSSB

320📚Civil & Environmental EngineeringCivil & Soil Mechanics

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List - I:
1. Coarse grained components
2. Fine grained components
3. Peat
List - II:
i. High Organic, Large Organic Matter, Particles of Decomposed Vegetation
ii. Boulder, Cobble, Gravel, Sand
iii. Silt, Clay, Organic Matter
Choose the correct option:
A) (1) - i, (2) - ii, (3) - iii
B) (1) - ii, (2) - iii, (3) - i
C) (1) - iii, (2) - i, (3) - ii
D) (1) - ii, (2) - i, (3) - iii

Explanation

Coarse grained components include boulders, cobbles, gravel, and sand (size > 0.075 mm) -> (1)-ii. Fine grained components include silt and clay (size < 0.075 mm) along with fine organic matter -> (2)-iii. Peat consists of highly fibrous decayed vegetative organic matter -> (3)-i. Thus, (1)-ii, (2)-iii, (3)-i.

1. मोटे दाने वाले घटक (Coarse grained) = ii (बोल्डर, कोबल, बजरी, रेत); 2. बारीक दाने वाले घटक (Fine grained) = iii (सिल्ट, मिट्टी/क्ले); 3. पीट (Peat) = i (उच्च कार्बनिक पदार्थ, विघटित वनस्पति)। सही मिलान (1)-ii, (2)-iii, (3)-i है।

2025JKSSB

321📚Mechanical EngineeringMechanical Engineering & Machine Design

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List - I (Terms in Screw):
1. Lead
2. Pitch
3. Helix
List - II (Description):
i. It is the curve traced by a particle, while describing a circular path at a uniform speed and advancing in the axial direction at a uniform rate.
ii. It is the distance from a point of screw to a corresponding point on the next thread, measured parallel to the axis of the screw.
iii. It is the distance; a screw thread advances axially in one turn.
Choose the correct option:
A) (1) - i, (2) - ii, (3) - iii
B) (1) - ii, (2) - iii, (3) - i
C) (1) - iii, (2) - i, (3) - ii
D) (1) - iii, (2) - ii, (3) - i

Explanation

1. Lead: Axial advance in one complete revolution = iii; 2. Pitch: Axial distance between corresponding points on adjacent threads = ii; 3. Helix: Space curve generated by a point revolving around a cylinder while advancing linearly = i. Thus, the matching code is (1)-iii, (2)-ii, (3)-i.

1. लीड (Lead) = iii (एक चक्कर में अक्षीय रूप से तय की गई दूरी); 2. पिच (Pitch) = ii (समीपवर्ती चूड़ियों के संगत बिंदुओं के बीच की अक्षीय दूरी); 3. हेलिक्स (Helix) = i (समान गति से अक्षीय रूप से आगे बढ़ते कण द्वारा अनुरेखित वक्र)। सही मिलान (1)-iii, (2)-ii, (3)-i है।

2025JKSSB

322🔬General SciencePhysics (Quantum & Wave Mechanics)

What is the relation between mass and wavelength of any matter, as per de Broglie's relation?
A) Both are directly proportional
B) Both are inversely proportional
C) Both are independent of each other
D) Wavelength is twice the square of the mass

Explanation

According to de Broglie's matter wave hypothesis, the wavelength λ of a particle is given by λ = h / p = h / (m * v), where h is Planck's constant, m is mass, and v is velocity. Since mass appears in the denominator, wavelength and mass are inversely proportional (λ ∝ 1/m).

डी ब्रोग्ली के तरंग-कण सिद्धांत के अनुसार तरंगदैर्ध्य λ = h / (m * v) होती है, जहाँ h प्लांक स्थिरांक, m द्रव्यमान तथा v वेग है। अतः द्रव्यमान (mass) और तरंगदैर्ध्य (wavelength) एक-दूसरे के व्युत्क्रमानुपाती (Inversely proportional) होते हैं। सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

323📚Quantitative AptitudeProfit & Loss

I gain 1/8 of the cost price of an article, then the percentage profit is
A) 8
B) 12.5
C) 16
D) 125

Explanation

Profit = (1/8) × CP.
Profit percentage = (Profit / CP) × 100% = [(1/8) × CP / CP] × 100% = 100 / 8 = 12.5%.

लाभ = (1/8) × क्रय मूल्य (CP)।
लाभ प्रतिशत = (लाभ / क्रय मूल्य) × 100 = (1/8) × 100 = 12.5%।
अतः सही विकल्प B है।

2025JKSSB

324📚Quantitative AptitudeProfit, Loss & Discount

Amit sold an article for Rs. 369.60 after allowing 12% discount on the marked price. Had he not allowed any discount he would have earned a profit of 20%. What is the cost price of the article?
A) 350
B) 400
C) 380
D) 320

Explanation

Selling price SP = Rs. 369.60 with 12% discount on Marked Price MP:
SP = MP × (1 - 0.12) = 0.88 MP
MP = 369.60 / 0.88 = Rs. 420.
With no discount, selling price equals Marked Price = Rs. 420, which gives 20% profit on Cost Price CP:
420 = CP × (1 + 0.20) = 1.20 CP
CP = 420 / 1.20 = Rs. 350.

अंकित मूल्य (MP) पर 12% छूट के बाद विक्रय मूल्य = 369.60 रु.
0.88 MP = 369.60 => MP = 369.60 / 0.88 = 420 रुपये।
यदि कोई छूट न दी जाए तो विक्रय मूल्य = अंकित मूल्य = 420 रु., जिस पर 20% लाभ होता है:
1.20 CP = 420 => CP = 420 / 1.20 = 350 रुपये।
अतः वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य 350 रु. (विकल्प A) है।

2025JKSSB

325📚Basic EnglishArticles

Choose the correct article to complete the sentence.
_____ Earth revolves around the Sun.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) None of the above

Explanation

The definite article 'The' is used before unique celestial bodies and planets, such as 'the Earth', 'the Sun', and 'the Moon'.

अद्वितीय खगोलीय पिंडों (Unique celestial bodies) जैसे Earth, Sun, Moon के नाम के आगे निश्चित उपपद (Definite Article) 'The' का प्रयोग होता है: 'The Earth revolves around the Sun'। अतः विकल्प C सही है।

2025JKSSB

326📚Basic EnglishArticles

Choose the correct article to complete the sentence.
She adopted _____ dog from the shelter.
A) A
B) An
C) The
D) None of the above

Explanation

The indefinite article 'A' is used before a singular countable noun that begins with a consonant sound ('dog').

व्यंजन ध्वनि (consonant sound 'd') से शुरू होने वाली एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा 'dog' के पूर्व अनिश्चित उपपद 'A' का प्रयोग होता है। अतः विकल्प A सही है।

2025JKSSB

327📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence.
He jumped _____ the wall.
A) Above
B) Across
C) Over
D) On

Explanation

'Over' indicates movement from one side of an obstacle to the other across its top ('jumped over the wall').

किसी अवरोध (जैसे दीवार) के ऊपर से पार करने की गति को दर्शाने के लिए 'Over' पूर्वसर्ग (preposition) का प्रयोग होता है: 'He jumped over the wall'। अतः विकल्प C सही है।

2025JKSSB

328📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence.
She has been working here _____ five years.
A) Since
B) From
C) For
D) By

Explanation

In present perfect continuous tense, 'for' is used to denote a duration or period of time ('five years'), whereas 'since' is used for a specific point in time.

Present Perfect Continuous काल में समयावधि (period of time, जैसे 'five years') को दर्शाने के लिए 'For' का प्रयोग किया जाता है, जबकि निश्चित समय बिंदु (point of time) के लिए 'Since' आता है। अतः विकल्प C सही है।

2025JKSSB

329📚General Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&KConstitutional Status & J&K Reorganisation

Article 370, which gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir, was abrogated on
A) 15th August 2019
B) 26th January 2019
C) 5th August 2019
D) 1st October 2019

Explanation

On 5th August 2019, the Government of India revoked the special constitutional status of Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 and subsequently bifurcated the state into two Union Territories: Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.

5 अगस्त 2019 को भारत सरकार ने संसद में जम्मू-कश्मीर को विशेष दर्जा देने वाले अनुच्छेद 370 के अधिकांश प्रावधानों को निष्प्रभावी कर दिया और राज्य को दो केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों (जम्मू-कश्मीर और लद्दाख) में पुनर्गठित किया। अतः विकल्प C सही है।

2025JKSSB

330📚General Knowledge with special reference to UT of J&KConstitutional History of J&K

Article 35A was inserted into the Constitution by
A) The Constituent Assembly
B) Presidential Order of 1954
C) Parliament Act
D) Supreme Court Verdict

Explanation

Article 35A was incorporated into the Indian Constitution through the Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954, issued by President Dr. Rajendra Prasad under Article 370(1) on the recommendation of the J&K Constituent Assembly.

अनुच्छेद 35A को 1954 के राष्ट्रपति आदेश (The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954) द्वारा संविधान में शामिल किया गया था, जो राज्य के स्थायी निवासियों को विशेष अधिकार प्रदान करता था। अतः विकल्प B सही है।

2025JKSSB

331📚Civil EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering - Sedimentation Theory

Particles may settle out of a suspension in four ways, depending upon the concentration of the suspension and the flocculating properties of the particles. Arrange the four types in order with respect to decreasing of settling depth vs increasing of settling time. Choose the correct order.
A) Discrete settling, Flocculant settling, Zone settling, Compression settling
B) Compression settling, Flocculant settling, Discrete settling, Zone settling
C) Zone settling, Flocculant settling, Discrete settling, Compression settling
D) Discrete settling, Zone settling, Flocculant settling, Compression settling

Explanation

Settling phenomena are categorized into four types with increasing solid concentration and flocculation interaction:
Type 1: Discrete settling (individual unhindered particles, settles fastest, minimum time)
Type 2: Flocculant settling (dilute suspension with agglomerating particles)
Type 3: Zone / Hindered settling (intermediate concentration, particles settle as a blanket)
Type 4: Compression settling (highest solids concentration, lower blanket layers compressed under weight, longest settling time).
Arranged in this sequential order from dilute to concentrated: Discrete settling, Flocculant settling, Zone settling, Compression settling.

निलंबन में कणों के बैठने (Settling) के चार प्रकार, सांद्रता और समय के बढ़ते क्रम में निम्न हैं:
टाइप 1: विविक्त अवसादन (Discrete settling - कम सांद्रता, स्वतंत्र कण)
टाइप 2: ऊर्णन अवसादन (Flocculant settling - कण आपस में जुड़ते हैं)
टाइप 3: क्षेत्र/अवरुद्ध अवसादन (Zone/Hindered settling - एक परत के रूप में बैठना)
टाइप 4: संपीड़न अवसादन (Compression settling - अत्यधिक सांद्रता, अधिकतम समय)
अतः सही क्रम Discrete settling, Flocculant settling, Zone settling, Compression settling है। विकल्प A सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSB

332📚Civil EngineeringConcrete Technology - Aggregate Grading

Gap grading of aggregate is one, in which
A) At least one intermediate aggregate fraction is absent
B) % passing fall within a narrow limit of size fractions
C) Combines different fractions of fine and coarse aggregates
D) All the aggregate are of same size

Explanation

Gap-graded aggregate refers to an aggregate gradation where one or more intermediate particle size fractions are deliberately omitted or absent from the continuous grading curve (indicated by a horizontal plateau on the gradation chart).

गैप-ग्रेडेड मिलावा (Gap grading of aggregate) वह ग्रेडिंग होती है जिसमें लगातार आकार श्रेणियों में से कम से कम एक मध्यवर्ती आकार का अंश (Intermediate aggregate fraction) अनुपस्थित या गायब होता है। अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प A है।

2025JKSSB

333📚Civil EngineeringConcrete Technology - Compaction and Defects

Inadequate compaction during concrete casting results in
A) Segregation
B) Rutting
C) Bleeding
D) Honey combing

Explanation

Insufficient or inadequate compaction leaves large entrapped air voids and pockets between coarse aggregate particles where cement paste fails to penetrate, creating a porous, hollow appearance known as 'honey combing' on the concrete surface.

कंक्रीट डालते समय अपर्याप्त संघनन (Inadequate compaction) के कारण बड़े हवा के बुलबुले और रिक्तियां अंदर रह जाती हैं, जिससे कंक्रीट में मधुमक्खी के छत्ते जैसी खोखली संरचना बन जाती है जिसे हनीकॉम्बिंग (Honey combing) कहा जाता है। अतः विकल्प D सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSB

334📚Civil EngineeringGeotechnical Engineering - Particle Size Classification

Soil which contains finest grain particles
A) Fine sand
B) Sand
C) Clay
D) Silt

Explanation

As per the Indian Standard Soil Classification System (IS 1498): Gravel (> 4.75 mm), Sand (0.075 mm to 4.75 mm), Silt (0.002 mm to 0.075 mm), and Clay (< 0.002 mm or < 2 μm). Clay has the finest particle size.

भारतीय मानक मृदा वर्गीकरण (IS 1498) के अनुसार:
बजरी (> 4.75 मिमी), बालू (0.075 से 4.75 मिमी), गाद/सिल्ट (0.002 से 0.075 मिमी), तथा मृत्तिका/क्ले (< 0.002 मिमी अर्थात 2 माइक्रोन से कम)। अतः क्ले (Clay) में सबसे महीन कण होते हैं। विकल्प C सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSB

335📚Civil EngineeringGeotechnical Engineering - Grain Size Distribution

Which of the following is a measure of particle size range?
A) Effective size
B) Uniformity coefficient
C) Effective diameter
D) Elongation index

Explanation

The Uniformity Coefficient (C_u = D₆₀ / D₁₀) is a numerical measure of the particle size range or width of grain sizes present in a soil mass. A higher C_u indicates a wide range of particle sizes (well-graded soil), while C_u close to 1 indicates a uniform soil of narrow particle size range.

समानता गुणांक (Uniformity coefficient, C_u = D₆₀ / D₁₀) मिट्टी के कणों के आकार के प्रसार/विस्तार (particle size range) का माप होता है। C_u का बड़ा मान यह दर्शाता है कि मिट्टी में विभिन्न आकारों के कणों की विस्तृत श्रृंखला उपस्थित है। अतः विकल्प B सही है।

2025JKSSB

336📚Civil EngineeringGeotechnical & Highway Engineering - Particle Size Distribution

The coefficient of uniformity is defined as
A) Cu = D₃₀ / D₁₀
B) Cu = D₆₀ / D₁₀
C) Cu = [D₃₀]² / D₁₀
D) Cu = D₃₀ / (D₁₀ * D₆₀)

Explanation

The Coefficient of Uniformity (C_u) is defined as the ratio of D₆₀ (particle size such that 60% of soil particles are finer) to D₁₀ (effective size such that 10% are finer): C_u = D₆₀ / D₁₀. (Coefficient of curvature is C_c = [D₃₀]² / (D₆₀ * D₁₀)).

समानता गुणांक (Coefficient of Uniformity, C_u) को C_u = D₆₀ / D₁₀ के रूप में परिभाषित किया जाता है, जहाँ D₆₀ वह आकार है जिससे 60% कण महीन हैं और D₁₀ प्रभावी आकार (Effective size) है। (वक्रता गुणांक C_c = [D₃₀]² / (D₆₀ * D₁₀) होता है)। अतः विकल्प B सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSB

337📚Civil EngineeringHighway Engineering - Aggregate Properties & Tests

Consider the following pairs:
i. Los Angeles abrasion - 1. Gradation
ii. Size - 2. Toughness
iii. Durability - 3. Hardness
iv. Impact - 4. Soundness
Which of the pair given below is correctly matched?
A) (i)-(2), (ii)-(1), (iii)-(3), (iv)-(4)
B) (i)-(2), (ii)-(4), (iii)-(3), (iv)-(1)
C) (i)-(3), (ii)-(1), (iii)-(4), (iv)-(2)
D) (i)-(3), (ii)-(4), (iii)-(1), (iv)-(2)

Explanation

Road aggregate test parameters:
(i) Los Angeles abrasion test: Measures resistance to wear/abrasion -> Hardness (3)
(ii) Sieve analysis / Size: Measures particle size distribution -> Gradation (1)
(iii) Soundness test: Measures resistance to weathering/durability -> Soundness (4)
(iv) Aggregate Impact test: Measures resistance to impact/shock -> Toughness (2)
Hence, the correct matching is (i)-(3), (ii)-(1), (iii)-(4), (iv)-(2).

सड़क मिलावे (Aggregate) के परीक्षणों और उनके गुणों का मिलान:
(i) लॉस एंजिल्स अपघर्षण परीक्षण: कठोरता (Hardness) मापता है -> 3
(ii) आकार (Size): श्रेणीकरण (Gradation) मापता है -> 1
(iii) स्थायित्व (Durability): सुदृढ़ता (Soundness) मापता है -> 4
(iv) संघात परीक्षण (Impact): चिमड़पन (Toughness) मापता है -> 2
अतः सही मिलान (i)-(3), (ii)-(1), (iii)-(4), (iv)-(2) है। विकल्प C सही उत्तर है।

2025JKSSB

338📚Forensic Chemistry & InstrumentationThin Layer Chromatography

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:\nAssertion (A): Commercial TLC plates have thicker layers of particles having particle size of 20µm or greater.\nReason (R): High-performance plates usually have film thicknesses of 100µm.\nIn light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:

Explanation

Standard TLC plates have particle sizes of ~10–25 µm and layer thicknesses of 200–250 µm, while HPTLC plates feature finer particle sizes (~5 µm) and thinner sorbent layers (typically 100 µm). Both statements are factually correct, but R does not explain why standard plates use larger particles.

मानक TLC प्लेटों में कण का आकार 20µm या उससे अधिक और परत मोटी होती है, जबकि HPTLC प्लेटों में फिल्म की मोटाई लगभग 100µm होती है। दोनों कथन सत्य हैं, किंतु R, A का सही स्पष्टीकरण नहीं है।

2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)

339📚Forensic Ballistics & FirearmsGunshot Residue (GSR) Testing

Gunshot residues in the hand can be detected by:

Explanation

The dermal nitrate test (paraffin test) utilizes diphenylamine to detect unburned or partially burned nitrate and nitrite particles from gunshot residue deposited on a shooter's hand.

डर्मल नाइट्रेट परीक्षण (पैराफिन परीक्षण) का उपयोग शूटर के हाथ पर जमा गनशॉट अवशेष (GSR) में नाइट्रेट और नाइट्राइट कणों का पता लगाने के लिए किया जाता है।

2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)

340📚Forensic Physics & Modern PhysicsMicroscopic Dimensions & Particle Scales

Arrange the following in ascending order of their size:\nI. Electron\nII. Red blood cells\nIII. Proton\nIV. A cell\nChoose the correct options:

Explanation

In ascending order of physical dimension: Electron (< 10^-18 m) < Proton (~10^-15 m) < Red Blood Cell (~6-8 micrometers) < Typical large biological cell (~10-100 micrometers). Thus, I < III < II < IV.

आकार का सही बढ़ता क्रम है: इलेक्ट्रॉन (< 10⁻¹⁸ मीटर) < प्रोटॉन (~10⁻¹⁵ मीटर) < लाल रक्त कोशिका (~7 माइक्रोमीटर) < सामान्य कोशिका (~20-100 माइक्रोमीटर)। अतः I < III < II < IV सही है।

2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)

341📚Fire Dynamics & PhysicsHeat Transfer Mechanisms - Convection

Which of the following occurs when the density of liquids and gases is reduced, causing them to expand and rise on heat transfer?

Explanation

Convection is the mode of heat transfer in fluids (liquids and gases) where heated fluid particles expand, decrease in density, and rise upward while cooler, denser fluid sinks, creating circulatory convection currents.

संवहन (Convection) तरल पदार्थों और गैसों में ऊष्मा स्थानांतरण की वह प्रक्रिया है जिसमें गर्म होने पर द्रव या गैस का घनत्व घट जाता है और वह ऊपर उठती है तथा ठंडी परतें नीचे आती हैं।

2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)

342📚ChromatographySize Exclusion & Gel Permeation Chromatography

The chromatographic method which uses a form of selective permeability at the molecular level leading to separation is known as
I. Size exclusion chromatography
II. Ion exchange chromatography
III. Adsorption chromatography
IV. Gel permeation chromatography
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Explanation

Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) separates molecules according to their hydrodynamic volume as they selectively permeate through porous gel particles. When organic mobile phases are employed, it is specifically referred to as Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Both describe this selective molecular permeability mechanism. Thus, I and IV only.

आकार अपवर्जन क्रोमैटोग्राफी (SEC) और जेल पारगम्यता क्रोमैटोग्राफी (GPC) छिद्रयुक्त मोतियों के माध्यम से अणुओं के आणविक आकार के आधार पर चयनात्मक पारगम्यता द्वारा पृथक्करण करती हैं। अतः विकल्प D (I और IV केवल) सही है।

2026JKSSBHome Department (FSL)

343📚General EnglishArticles (Zero Article & Definite Article)

Fill in the blank using suitable articles. When no article is required, select no article among the given options.
Karan speaks _____ Spanish. He believes, honesty is _____ best policy.

Explanation

No article is used before the names of languages (Spanish). The definite article 'the' is required before superlative adjectives ('the best policy'). Therefore, 'no article, the' is correct.

भाषाओं के नाम (Spanish) से पहले किसी आर्टिकल का प्रयोग नहीं होता है। सुपरलेटिव डिग्री (best) से पहले निश्चित आर्टिकल 'the' का प्रयोग अनिवार्य है। अतः 'no article, the' सही है।

2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department

344📚General EnglishPrepositions - Collocations

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
The management decided to act _____ the recommendation of the expert panel and proceed _____ the proposed reforms.

Explanation

The correct idiomatic prepositional collocations are 'act on (or upon) advice/recommendation' (to take action according to it) and 'proceed with a plan/reform' (to carry on with it). Therefore, 'on, with' is the correct pair.

अंग्रेजी में सही प्रीपोजिशन का प्रयोग 'act on a recommendation' (सिफारिश पर अमल करना) और 'proceed with reforms' (सुधारों के साथ आगे बढ़ना) होता है। अतः 'on, with' सही युग्म है।

2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department

345📚Quantitative AptitudeProfit and Loss

A shopkeeper sells two articles for Rs. 1,500 each. On the first article, he makes a 20% profit, while on the second article, he incurs a 25% loss. What is the overall profit or loss percentage on the total transaction?

Explanation

Cost price of 1st article = 1500 / 1.20 = Rs. 1250. Cost price of 2nd article = 1500 / 0.75 = Rs. 2000. Total Cost Price = 1250 + 2000 = Rs. 3250. Total Selling Price = 1500 + 1500 = Rs. 3000. Total Loss = 3250 - 3000 = Rs. 250. Loss % = (250 / 3250) × 100 = 100 / 13 ≈ 7.69% loss.

पहली वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य = 1500 / 1.20 = 1250 रु। दूसरी वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य = 1500 / 0.75 = 2000 रु। कुल क्रय मूल्य = 1250 + 2000 = 3250 रु। कुल विक्रय मूल्य = 1500 + 1500 = 3000 रु। कुल हानि = 3250 - 3000 = 250 रु। हानि % = (250 / 3250) × 100 = 7.69% हानि।

2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department

346📚Computer Hardware & PeripheralsInput Devices - MICR

Which input device reads characters printed using special magnetic ink?

Explanation

MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) is an input technology widely used by banking systems to read routing and account numbers printed on bank cheques using ink containing iron oxide particles.

एमआईसीआर (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition - MICR) एक इनपुट तकनीक है जिसका उपयोग मुख्य रूप से बैंकों में चुंबकीय आयरन-ऑक्साइड स्याही से छपे चेक नंबरों को तेजी से पढ़ने के लिए किया जाता है।

2026JKSSBInformation Technology Department

347📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles:
_ rich should help _ poor.
A) No article, no article
B) The, a
C) No article, the
D) The, the

Explanation

When an adjective is used to represent an entire class or group of people as a plural collective noun, it takes the definite article 'the' ('The rich' = wealthy people in general; 'the poor' = impoverished people in general).
Hence: 'The rich should help the poor.'

जब किसी विशेषण (adjective) का प्रयोग पूरे वर्ग या समुदाय का प्रतिनिधित्व करने के लिए बहुवचन संज्ञा के रूप में किया जाता है, तो उससे पहले definite article 'the' का प्रयोग होता है ('The rich' = सभी अमीर लोग; 'the poor' = सभी गरीब लोग)।
अतः सही वाक्य है: 'The rich should help the poor.'

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

348📚General EnglishArticles

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles:
_ juice in this jug is bitter, but _ juice is generally good for health.
A) No article, no article
B) The, the
C) The, no article
D) No article, the

Explanation

1. 'The juice in this jug' refers to a specific, definite quantity of juice in a particular jug, requiring the definite article 'The'.
2. '...juice is generally good for health' refers to juice as an uncountable noun in a general sense, taking no article.
Hence, 'The, no article'.

1. 'The juice in this jug' एक विशिष्ट जग के जूस को संदर्भित करता है, अतः निश्चित आर्टिकल 'The' का प्रयोग होगा।
2. दूसरे भाग में जूस का उपयोग सामान्य अर्थ (general sense) में एक अगणनीय संज्ञा (uncountable noun) के रूप में हुआ है, इसलिए यहाँ किसी आर्टिकल की आवश्यकता नहीं है ('no article')।
अतः सही उत्तर 'The, no article' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

349📚General EnglishArticles

Identify the correct sentence(s) regarding the use of article 'The':
I. The higher you climb, the colder it gets.
II. He is the most hardworking of the two brothers.
III. The gold is a precious metal.
Choose the correct option:
A) only I
B) I and II
C) I and III
D) All are correct

Explanation

- Sentence I is correct: uses parallel comparative structure ('The higher..., the colder...').
- Sentence II is incorrect: when comparing between two entities, the comparative degree is used ('He is the MORE hardworking of the two brothers', not 'most').
- Sentence III is incorrect: material nouns used in a general sense do not take 'the' ('Gold is a precious metal').
Hence, only I is correct.

- वाक्य I सही है: समानांतर तुलनात्मक संरचना ('The + comparative..., the + comparative...') का सही उपयोग है।
- वाक्य II गलत है: दो व्यक्तियों की तुलना में superlative (most) के स्थान पर comparative (more) का प्रयोग होता है ('the more hardworking of the two brothers')।
- वाक्य III गलत है: सामान्य अर्थ में प्रयुक्त पदार्थवाचक संज्ञा (material noun) से पहले 'the' नहीं लगता ('Gold is a precious metal')।
अतः केवल I सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

350📚General EnglishArticles

Identify the correct use of articles with plural nouns:
I. Lions are fierce animals.
II. Lions of Gir forest are famous worldwide.
III. The lions we saw at the zoo were sleeping.
Choose the correct option:
A) only II
B) Only I and III
C) Only II and III
D) All are correct

Explanation

- Sentence I is correct: plural nouns in general statements take no article ('Lions are fierce animals').
- Sentence II is incorrect: when a plural noun is modified and made specific by a prepositional phrase ('of Gir forest'), the definite article 'the' is mandatory ('The lions of Gir forest are famous worldwide').
- Sentence III is correct: 'The lions we saw at the zoo' refers to specific lions identified by a relative clause, correctly taking 'The'.
Therefore, only I and III are correct.

- वाक्य I सही है: सामान्य कथन में बहुवचन संज्ञा बिना किसी आर्टिकल के आती है ('Lions are fierce animals')।
- वाक्य II गलत है: 'of Gir forest' से विशिष्ट बनाए जाने के कारण यहाँ definite article 'The' आवश्यक है ('The lions of Gir forest...')।
- वाक्य III सही है: चिड़ियाघर में देखे गए विशिष्ट शेरों का उल्लेख होने के कारण 'The lions' का प्रयोग पूर्णतः सही है।
अतः केवल I और III सही हैं।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

351📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate prepositions:
He was acquitted _ the murder charge, but he was later charged _ theft and sentenced _ three years.
A) from, for, with
B) of, with, to
C) off, of, for
D) with, about, in

Explanation

Standard fixed preposition rules:
- 'acquitted OF' (cleared of a criminal charge)
- 'charged WITH' (formally accused of a crime)
- 'sentenced TO' (punished with a specific penalty/imprisonment).
Hence: 'acquitted of... charged with... sentenced to'.

निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन (fixed prepositions) के नियम:
- 'acquitted of' (दोषमुक्त किया जाना)
- 'charged with' (अभियुक्त बनाया जाना/आरोप लगना)
- 'sentenced to' (दंड/सजा सुनाया जाना)।
अतः सही क्रम 'of, with, to' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

352📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate prepositions:
The young man was absorbed _ his work and was oblivious _ the noise occurring _ him.
A) in, by, besides
B) with, of, beside
C) in, to, around
D) for, about, towards

Explanation

Fixed preposition collocations:
- 'absorbed IN' (deeply engaged in)
- 'oblivious TO' (unaware of)
- 'occurring AROUND' (happening in the surrounding environment).
Hence: 'in, to, around'.

अंग्रेजी में निश्चित प्रीपोजिशन:
- 'absorbed in' (काम में तल्लीन/मग्न होना)
- 'oblivious to' (किसी बात से बेखबर/अनभिज्ञ होना)
- 'occurring around' (आस-पास घटित होना)।
अतः सही विकल्प 'in, to, around' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

353📚General EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate prepositions:
I cannot provide you _ a loan, as I am already beset _ financial difficulties and am answerable _ my creditors.
A) with, with, to
B) for, by, for
C) to, of, with
D) against, from, about

Explanation

Grammar collocations:
- 'provide someone WITH something' (supply)
- 'beset WITH difficulties' (troubled or plagued by)
- 'answerable TO someone' (accountable or responsible to).
Hence: 'with, with, to'.

प्रीपोजिशन के नियम:
- 'provide (someone) with (something)' (उपलब्ध कराना)
- 'beset with' (कठिनाइयों से घिरा होना)
- 'answerable to' (जवाबदेह होना)।
अतः सही क्रम 'with, with, to' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

354📚General EnglishPrepositions & Phrasal Verbs

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate prepositions:
While the professor was _ the middle _ a lecture, a student broke _ with a question.
A) at, for, out
B) in, of, in
C) within, of, through
D) during, of, up

Explanation

- 'in the middle of' is the standard idiom meaning during the midst of.
- 'break in' is a phrasal verb meaning to interrupt a conversation or lecture.
Hence: 'in, of, in'.

- 'in the middle of' एक मुहावरेदार प्रयोग है जिसका अर्थ होता है 'के बीच में'।
- 'break in' एक phrasal verb है जिसका अर्थ होता है 'बीच में टोकना' या बाधा डालना।
अतः सही विकल्प 'in, of, in' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

355📚General EnglishDeterminers & Articles

Fill in the blanks with the most suitable determiners/articles:
I have _ friends who live in _ Netherlands, but I haven't visited them in years.
A) a few / no article
B) few / the
C) a few / the
D) little / the

Explanation

1. 'Friends' is a plural countable noun used in a positive sense ('some friends exist'), requiring 'a few'.
2. Countries with plural geographical names or unions take the definite article 'the' ('the Netherlands', 'the United States', 'the Philippines').
Hence, 'a few / the'.

1. गणनीय बहुवचन संज्ञा 'friends' के साथ सकारात्मक संदर्भ में 'a few' (कुछ) का प्रयोग होता है।
2. बहुवचन नाम वाले देशों से पूर्व definite article 'the' का प्रयोग अनिवार्य होता है ('the Netherlands')।
अतः सही उत्तर 'a few / the' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

356📚General EnglishVocabulary (Fill in the blanks)

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank:
Despite the _ challenges faced during the expedition, the team managed to reach their destination.
A) formidable
B) negligible
C) trivial
D) insignificant

Explanation

'Formidable' means inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable. The preposition 'Despite' signals a contrast between severe/daunting challenges and successful arrival.

'Formidable' का अर्थ होता है विकट, अत्यंत कठिन या दुर्जेय। 'Despite' (के बावजूद) शब्द कठिनाइयों और गंतव्य तक पहुँचने की सफलता के बीच विरोधाभास को दर्शाता है। अन्य सभी विकल्प (तुच्छ/नगण्य) संदर्भ के प्रतिकूल हैं।

2026JKSSBSchool Education Department

357📚Basic MathematicsProfit and Loss

A shopkeeper bought 40 pieces of an article at a rate of Rs. 50 per item. He sold 35 pieces with 20% profit. The remaining 5 pieces were found to be damaged and he sold them with 10% loss. Find his overall profit percentage.
A) 30%
B) 10%
C) 16.25%
D) 32.5%

Explanation

Total Cost Price = 40 × 50 = Rs. 2000.
- Selling Price of 35 items at 20% profit = 35 × 50 × 1.20 = 35 × 60 = Rs. 2100.
- Selling Price of 5 items at 10% loss = 5 × 50 × 0.90 = 5 × 45 = Rs. 225.
Total Selling Price = 2100 + 225 = Rs. 2325.
Total Profit = 2325 - 2000 = Rs. 325.
Overall Profit % = (325 / 2000) × 100% = 16.25%.

कुल क्रय मूल्य = 40 × 50 = ₹2000।
- 20% लाभ पर 35 वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य = 35 × 60 = ₹2100।
- 10% हानि पर 5 वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य = 5 × 45 = ₹225।
कुल विक्रय मूल्य = 2100 + 225 = ₹2325।
कुल लाभ = 2325 - 2000 = ₹325।
कुल लाभ प्रतिशत = (325 / 2000) × 100% = 16.25%।

2026JKSSBSchool Education Department

358📚Basic MathematicsProfit and Loss

The cost price of articles X and Y is the same. Article X is sold at 20% profit and article Y is sold for Rs. 126 less than the selling price of X. If the net profit by selling both the articles is 14%, then what is the cost price (in Rs.) of each article?
A) 1,260
B) 840
C) 1,080
D) 1,050

Explanation

Let the CP of each article be C. Total CP = 2C.
Net profit = 14% => Total SP = 2C × 1.14 = 2.28C.
SP of X = 1.20C.
SP of Y = 1.20C - 126.
Total SP = 1.20C + (1.20C - 126) = 2.40C - 126.
2.40C - 126 = 2.28C
0.12C = 126 => C = 126 / 0.12 = Rs. 1,050.

माना प्रत्येक वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य C है। कुल CP = 2C।
कुल विक्रय मूल्य = 2C × 1.14 = 2.28C।
X का SP = 1.20C।
Y का SP = 1.20C - 126।
कुल SP = 2.40C - 126।
2.40C - 126 = 2.28C => 0.12C = 126 => C = 126 / 0.12 = ₹1,050।

2026JKSSBSchool Education Department

359📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsInternational Organizations (United Nations)

Consider the following statements about the United Nations Security Council:
I. As per Article 23, the Security Council shall consist of fifteen Members of the United Nations.
II. The non-permanent members of the Security Council shall be elected for a term of five years.
III. A retiring non-permanent member shall not be eligible for immediate re-election.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) I only
B) I and II only
C) I and III only
D) All of the above

Explanation

- Statement I is correct: Under Article 23(1) of the UN Charter, the Security Council consists of 15 members (5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members).
- Statement II is incorrect: Non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for a term of TWO years, not five years.
- Statement III is correct: Article 23(2) explicitly provides that 'a retiring member shall not be eligible for immediate re-election'.
Therefore, statements I and III only are correct.

- कथन I सही है: संयुक्त राष्ट्र चार्टर के अनुच्छेद 23 के तहत सुरक्षा परिषद में 15 सदस्य (5 स्थायी और 10 गैर-स्थायी) होते हैं।
- कथन II गलत है: गैर-स्थायी सदस्यों का कार्यकाल दो वर्ष का होता है, पांच वर्ष का नहीं।
- कथन III सही है: अनुच्छेद 23(2) के अनुसार कार्यकाल समाप्त होने पर कोई भी गैर-स्थायी सदस्य तुरंत पुनः निर्वाचित नहीं हो सकता।
अतः केवल कथन I और III सही हैं।

2026JKSSBSchool Education Department

360📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsJ&K Reorganisation Act, 2019

Which of the following was NOT a provision under the J&K Reorganization Act, 2019?
A) The J&K High Court became the common high court for both UTs.
B) Judges appointed to the High Court are selected by the Union Government only.
C) The UT of J&K will have its own legislative assembly of 107-114 members.
D) The act provides that the administration of Jammu and Kashmir will be as per Article 239A of the Indian Constitution.

Explanation

Option B was NOT a provision of the Act. High Court judges in India are appointed by the President of India under Article 217 of the Constitution following the Supreme Court collegium process in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Lieutenant Governor, not selected 'by the Union Government only'. All other options (A, C, D) are genuine sections of the 2019 Act.

विकल्प B अधिनियम का प्रावधान नहीं था। उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति संविधान के अनुच्छेद 217 के तहत भारत के राष्ट्रपति द्वारा कॉलेजियम प्रणाली और मुख्य न्यायाधीश के परामर्श से की जाती है, न कि केवल केंद्र सरकार द्वारा। अन्य सभी विकल्प 2019 अधिनियम के वास्तविक प्रावधान हैं।

2026JKSSBSchool Education Department

361📚General EnglishSynonyms and Antonyms

The editor criticized the article for its prolix treatment of an otherwise simple topic. Which word is the most appropriate synonym of prolix in this context?
A) Discursive
B) Redundant
C) Verbose
D) Diffuse

Explanation

"Prolix" describes speech or writing that uses far too many words and is tediously long; "verbose" is its most direct and appropriate synonym.

'Prolix' का अर्थ है शब्दबहुल, अत्यधिक लंबा या उबाऊ रूप से विस्तृत। इसका सबसे उपयुक्त पर्यायवाची 'Verbose' (वाचाल/शब्दबहुल) है।

2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department

362📚General EnglishArticles

Choose the sentence in which the use of articles is grammatically and contextually correct.
A) She is a expert in medieval literature and teaches at the university in Delhi.
B) He was appointed the head of department after an extensive review process.
C) An honest administrator is essential for a effective governance.
D) The committee reached a unanimous decision after the long discussion.

Explanation

In option D, "a unanimous decision" correctly uses "a" before the consonant sound /juː/ in "unanimous". In A, "a expert" is wrong (should be "an expert"). In C, "a effective" is wrong (should be "an effective").

विकल्प D में 'a unanimous decision' में 'a' का प्रयोग बिल्कुल सही है क्योंकि 'unanimous' का उच्चारण व्यंजन ध्वनि /य/ से शुरू होता है। A में 'an expert' और C में 'an effective' होना चाहिए था।

2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department

363📚General EnglishPrepositions

Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence:
She is proficient ____ French and German.
A) in
B) at
C) on
D) with

Explanation

The adjective "proficient" is conventionally followed by the preposition "in" when referring to competence in a language, field of study, or activity (e.g., "proficient in French and German").

किसी भाषा या विषय में दक्षता दर्शाने के लिए 'proficient' के साथ हमेशा प्रीपोजिशन 'in' का प्रयोग किया जाता है (जैसे: proficient in French)।

2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department

364📚Numerical & Reasoning AbilityPercentages

The price of an article is reduced by 10%. By what percent should the new price be increased to get the original price?
A) 10%
B) 9(1/9)%
C) 11(1/9)%
D) 12%

Explanation

Let original price = 100. After a 10% reduction, new price = 90. To return from 90 back to 100, the required increase is (10 / 90) × 100% = 100/9% = 11(1/9)%.

माना मूल कीमत = 100। 10% कमी के बाद नई कीमत = 90। पुनः 100 पर पहुँचने के लिए आवश्यक वृद्धि = (10 / 90) × 100 = 100/9% = 11(1/9)%। अतः विकल्प C सही है।

2026JKSSBGeneral Administration Department

365📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles:
He waited for ____ hour before meeting ____ university professor.
A) a, the
B) an, the
C) an, a
D) the, the

Explanation

"Hour" begins with a vowel sound (/aʊər/), requiring the indefinite article "an". "University" begins with the consonant glide /juː/, requiring the indefinite article "a". Thus, "an, a".

'Hour' का उच्चारण स्वर ध्वनि से शुरू होता है इसलिए 'an hour' आएगा। 'University' का उच्चारण व्यंजन ध्वनि /य/ से शुरू होता है इसलिए 'a university' आएगा। अतः 'an, a' सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

366📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles:
He is ____ NCC cadet who dreams of becoming ____ officer in ____ Indian Army.
A) a, an, the
B) an, an, the
C) a, a, the
D) an, the, the

Explanation

"NCC" is pronounced with an initial vowel sound (/ɛn/), so it takes "an". "Officer" begins with a vowel sound (/ɒ/), taking "an". "Indian Army" is a unique national defense body, taking the definite article "the". Sequence: "an, an, the".

'NCC' का उच्चारण स्वर ध्वनि /एन/ से शुरू होता है (an NCC), 'officer' स्वर ध्वनि से शुरू होता है (an officer), और 'Indian Army' के साथ निश्चित आर्टिकल 'the' आता है। अतः 'an, an, the' सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

367📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles:
____ cheetah is ____ fastest land animal and can reach ____ incredible speed within seconds.
A) a, the, an
B) No article, a, an
C) the, a, an
D) the, the, an

Explanation

"The cheetah" represents the entire animal species. "The fastest" uses the definite article with the superlative degree adjective. "An incredible speed" uses the indefinite article "an" before the vowel-sounding adjective. Sequence: "the, the, an".

प्रजाति का प्रतिनिधित्व करने के लिए 'The cheetah', सुपरलेटिव डिग्री के साथ 'the fastest', और स्वर ध्वनि वाले विशेषण के साथ 'an incredible speed'। अतः सही उत्तर 'the, the, an' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

368📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
She has always been keen ____ pursuing research in environmental science.
A) for
B) at
C) in
D) on

Explanation

The adjective "keen" takes the preposition "on" when expressing eagerness or interest in doing something (e.g., "keen on pursuing research").

किसी कार्य में रुचि या उत्साह दर्शाने के लिए 'keen' के साथ हमेशा प्रीपोजिशन 'on' का प्रयोग किया जाता है (keen on doing something)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

369📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
The manager was deeply concerned ____ the decline in productivity and warned the staff ____ the consequences of negligence.
A) for, against
B) about, about
C) with, about
D) about, of

Explanation

One is "concerned about" an issue or problem, and one "warns someone of" danger or impending negative consequences.

किसी समस्या को लेकर चिंतित होने पर 'concerned about' और परिणामों से सचेत करने के लिए 'warn of' का प्रयोग होता है। अतः 'about, of' सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

370📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
She divided the work ____ the team members and insisted ____ finishing it ____ the deadline.
A) among, on, before
B) between, for, before
C) among, at, by
D) between, on, after

Explanation

Dividing among multiple individuals requires "among". The verb insist takes the preposition "on" ("insisted on finishing"). Completing prior to a time limit uses "before the deadline".

दो से अधिक व्यक्तियों में बाँटने के लिए 'among', 'insist' के साथ 'on', और समय सीमा से पहले पूरा करने के लिए 'before'। अतः 'among, on, before' सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

371📚Basic EnglishSentence Improvement

Select the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence.
The sudden announcement of the policy created a panic among the public.
A) created panic among the public
B) created a panic in public
C) created panic in the public
D) creates panic among the public

Explanation

'Panic' is an uncountable noun in general usage and does not take the indefinite article 'a'. The natural and idiomatic preposition to use with 'the public' is 'among'. Therefore, 'created panic among the public' is grammatically correct.

'Panic' एक अगणनीय (uncountable) संज्ञा है, इसलिए इसके पहले अनिश्चित उपपद 'a' का प्रयोग अनुचित है। जनता के बीच घबराहट के संदर्भ में 'among the public' का प्रयोग सही है। अतः 'created panic among the public' सही विकल्प है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

372📚Basic EnglishGrammar and Usage

Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?
A) One of the books that I borrowed from the library were missing.
B) Scarcely had the train left the station when it suddenly stopped.
C) Each of the players have performed exceptionally well in the tournament.
D) The list of recommended articles are attached to the report.

Explanation

Option B is correct: In negative/restrictive introductory adverbs, inverted word order is required ('Scarcely had + subject + past participle'), followed by the conjunction 'when'. In Option A, the main subject 'One' takes singular 'was missing'. In Option C, 'Each' takes singular 'has performed'. In Option D, 'The list' takes singular 'is attached'.

विकल्प B व्याकरण की दृष्टि से पूर्णतः सही है: 'Scarcely had... when' का सहसंबंधी ढांचा (correlative inversion) सही ढंग से प्रयुक्त हुआ है। विकल्प A में 'One' के लिए 'was' आना चाहिए, C में 'Each' के लिए 'has' तथा D में 'The list' के लिए 'is' आना चाहिए।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

373📚General Awareness & ScienceCurrent Affairs and Polity

Identify the correct statements about the SIR (Special Intensive Revision) exercise, being conducted in some Indian states.
I. It is conducted to update and verify the electoral rolls.
II. It helps remove duplicate and ineligible voters from the voter list.
III. It is being supervised by the Delimitation Commission of India, in exercise of its powers under Article-324 of the Indian Constitution.
Choose the correct option:
A) I only
B) I and II only
C) II and III only
D) All of the above

Explanation

Statements I and II are correct as Special Intensive Revision (SIR) is carried out to verify rolls and purge duplicate/ineligible names. Statement III is incorrect because voter roll preparation and revision under Article 324 is exclusively supervised by the Election Commission of India (ECI), not the Delimitation Commission.

कथन I और II सही हैं क्योंकि SIR का उद्देश्य मतदाता सूची का पुनरीक्षण एवं अयोग्य/डुप्लिकेट नामों को हटाना है। कथन III गलत है क्योंकि अनुच्छेद 324 के तहत मतदाता सूचियों का पर्यवेक्षण भारत निर्वाचन आयोग (ECI) करता है, न कि परिसीमन आयोग।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

374📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank with the appropriate article:
I am going to _____ concert tomorrow.
A) a
B) on
C) an
D) None of the above

Explanation

'Concert' begins with a consonant sound (/k/), so the indefinite article 'a' is appropriate when referring to an unspecified concert for the first time.

Concert' व्यंजन ध्वनि (consonant sound) से शुरू होता है, इसलिए एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा के लिए अनिश्चित उपपद 'a' का प्रयोग सही है: 'I am going to a concert tomorrow.

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

375📚Basic EnglishArticles

Fill in the blank with the appropriate article:
At _____ equator, sunrise occurs at the same time each day.
A) a
B) the
C) an
D) None of the above

Explanation

Equator' is a unique geographical feature (there is only one equator on Earth), so the definite article 'the' is mandatory: 'At the equator...

भूमध्य रेखा (equator) एक अद्वितीय भौगोलिक रेखा है, और ऐसी अद्वितीय खगोलीय/भौगोलिक इकाइयों के पूर्व निश्चित उपपद (definite article) 'the' का प्रयोग अनिवार्य होता है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

376📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

The doctor gave me a prescription _____ my cough.
A) For
B) To
C) In
D) With

Explanation

The standard preposition used with 'prescription' to designate the illness or purpose is 'for': 'a prescription for my cough'.

किसी बीमारी के उपचार हेतु पर्चे के संदर्भ में 'prescription for' का प्रयोग मानक पूर्वसर्ग (preposition) के रूप में किया जाता है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

377📚Basic EnglishPrepositions

My watch is _____ the table.
A) In
B) On
C) For
D) None of the above

Explanation

To express position resting on a surface, the preposition 'on' is used: 'My watch is on the table.'

किसी सतह पर रखी वस्तु की स्थिति दर्शाने के लिए पूर्वसर्ग 'on' का प्रयोग किया जाता है: 'My watch is on the table.'

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

378🔬General ScienceBiology - Cell Structure and Organelles

Which of the following statements about cells is NOT true?
A) Plasma membrane is selective permeable that regulates the movement of nutrients into and out of the cell.
B) Cell interior contains many specialized membrane-bound organelles.
C) Mitochondria are organelles responsible for energy transactions needed for cell
D) Ribosomes are membrane-bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells.

Explanation

Ribosomes are non-membrane-bound ribonucleoprotein particles found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Statements A, B, and C are correct, while statement D is false because ribosomes lack a surrounding membrane.

राइबोसोम झिल्ली-रहित (non-membrane-bound) अंगक होते हैं जो प्रोटीन संश्लेषण का कार्य करते हैं। कथन D गलत है क्योंकि इसमें राइबोसोम को झिल्ली-बद्ध बताया गया है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

379📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionDirective Principles of State Policy

Match the following:
Directive Principles:
i. Organisation of village panchayats
ii. Uniform Civil Code for citizens
iii. Separation of the Judiciary from the Executive
iv. Promotion of International peace
Constitutional Articles:
a. Article 44
b. Article 40
c. Article 51
d. Article 50
Choose the correct match:

Explanation

Under Part IV of the Indian Constitution (Directive Principles of State Policy):
- Article 40: Organisation of village panchayats (i-b)
- Article 44: Uniform Civil Code for the citizens (ii-a)
- Article 50: Separation of judiciary from the executive (iii-d)
- Article 51: Promotion of international peace and security (iv-c)
Thus, the correct match is i-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c.

भारतीय संविधान के भाग IV (राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व) के अंतर्गत:
- अनुच्छेद 40: ग्राम पंचायतों का गठन (i-b)
- अनुच्छेद 44: समान नागरिक संहिता (UCC) (ii-a)
- अनुच्छेद 50: कार्यपालिका से न्यायपालिका का पृथक्करण (iii-d)
- अनुच्छेद 51: अंतर्राष्ट्रीय शांति और सुरक्षा की अभिवृद्धि (iv-c)
अतः सही मिलान i-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c (विकल्प C) है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

380📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionFundamental Rights & Constitutional Amendments

The Right to elementary education was made a Fundamental right under Article-21A through which of the following Constitutional Amendment Acts?

Explanation

The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A into the Constitution, providing free and compulsory education to all children aged 6 to 14 years as a Fundamental Right. It also amended Article 45 (DPSP) and added clause (k) to Article 51A (Fundamental Duties).

86वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2002 द्वारा भारतीय संविधान में अनुच्छेद 21A जोड़ा गया, जिसने 6 से 14 वर्ष की आयु के सभी बच्चों के लिए मुफ्त और अनिवार्य प्रारंभिक शिक्षा को एक मौलिक अधिकार बना दिया। इसने अनुच्छेद 45 को भी संशोधित किया और अनुच्छेद 51A में 11वां मूल कर्तव्य (k) जोड़ा।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

381📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionFundamental Duties

Consider the following statements about the Fundamental Duties (Part IV-A) and select the INCORRECT statements-
I. These Duties were part of the original Constitution adopted in 1950.
II. These Duties can always be enforced through Writ jurisdiction in the court of law.
III. Promoting Scientific temper and spirit of enquiry is one of the Fundamental Duties.

Explanation

Statements I and II are incorrect:
- Statement I is INCORRECT: Fundamental Duties were not part of the original 1950 Constitution; they were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.
- Statement II is INCORRECT: Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable; unlike Fundamental Rights, they cannot be enforced directly through writ jurisdiction in the courts.
- Statement III is CORRECT: Article 51A(h) states that it is the duty of every citizen to develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
Hence, statements I and II are incorrect.

कथन I और II गलत हैं:
- कथन I गलत है: मौलिक कर्तव्य मूल संविधान (1950) का हिस्सा नहीं थे; इन्हें स्वर्ण सिंह समिति की सिफारिश पर 42वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976 द्वारा जोड़ा गया था।
- कथन II गलत है: मौलिक कर्तव्य गैर-न्यायोचित (non-justiciable) हैं, इन्हें सीधे रिट क्षेत्राधिकार के माध्यम से लागू नहीं कराया जा सकता।
- कथन III सही है: अनुच्छेद 51A(h) के तहत वैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण, मानववाद तथा ज्ञानार्जन व सुधार की भावना का विकास करना मूल कर्तव्य है।
अतः गलत कथन I और II हैं (विकल्प C)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

382📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionElectoral System & Representation of the People Acts

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched-
Provisions | Legal/Constitutional Sources
I. Conduct of elections of President and Vice President | Representation of the People Act, 1950
II. Disqualifications for contesting elections | Representation of the People Act, 1951
III. Lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years | 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988

Explanation

- Pair I is INCORRECTLY matched: Elections to the offices of the President and Vice-President are regulated by the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act, 1952 (not RPA 1950, which deals with seat allocation and electoral rolls).
- Pair II is CORRECTLY matched: Disqualifications for contesting elections (criminal conviction, corrupt practices) are prescribed under Sections 8 to 11A of the Representation of the People Act, 1951.
- Pair III is CORRECTLY matched: The 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988 amended Article 326 to reduce the minimum voting age from 21 to 18 years.
Hence, pairs II and III only are correctly matched.

- युग्म I गलत है: राष्ट्रपति और उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनावों का संचालन 'राष्ट्रपति और उपराष्ट्रपति चुनाव अधिनियम, 1952' के तहत होता है (लोक प्रतिनिधित्व अधिनियम 1950 के तहत नहीं)।
- युग्म II सही है: चुनाव लड़ने के लिए अयोग्यताएं लोक प्रतिनिधित्व अधिनियम, 1951 (धारा 8-11A) में दी गई हैं।
- युग्म III सही है: 61वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1988 (अनुच्छेद 326) द्वारा मतदान की आयु 21 वर्ष से घटाकर 18 वर्ष की गई थी।
अतः केवल II और III सही सुमेलित हैं (विकल्प C)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

383📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionPresidential Elections in India

Identify the INCORRECT statements about the Presidential Elections in India-
I. Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha do not participate in the election of the President, but participate in the impeachment process.
II. Elected members of the State Legislative Councils also vote in the Election of the President, if the state has a bicameral legislature.
III. According to Article 55(3) of the Indian Constitution, the Presidential Election is conducted by the secret ballot.
IV. The value of each MLA's vote is the same across all states to ensure the principle of "One member, One vote".

Explanation

Statements II and IV are INCORRECT:
- Statement I is CORRECT: Under Article 54, nominated MPs do not vote in the presidential election; however, under Article 61, nominated MPs do participate in presidential impeachment.
- Statement II is INCORRECT: Members of State Legislative Councils (MLCs)—whether elected or nominated—do NOT participate in presidential elections.
- Statement III is CORRECT: Article 55(3) mandates proportional representation with single transferable vote and voting by secret ballot.
- Statement IV is INCORRECT: The value of an MLA's vote is NOT equal across all states; it is calculated using the formula: (State Population) / (Total Elected MLAs × 1000), meaning MLAs from different states have vastly different vote values (e.g., UP MLA vote value is 208, whereas Sikkim MLA vote value is 7).
Therefore, the incorrect statements are II and IV.

कथन II और IV गलत हैं:
- कथन I सही है: मनोनीत सांसद राष्ट्रपति चुनाव में भाग नहीं लेते, लेकिन महाभियोग (अनुच्छेद 61) में भाग लेते हैं।
- कथन II गलत है: राज्य विधान परिषदों (MLC) के सदस्य (चाहे निर्वाचित हों या मनोनीत) राष्ट्रपति के चुनाव में वोट नहीं डालते।
- कथन III सही है: अनुच्छेद 55(3) के तहत राष्ट्रपति का चुनाव एकल संक्रमणीय मत द्वारा आनुपातिक प्रतिनिधित्व और गुप्त मतदान द्वारा होता है।
- कथन IV गलत है: प्रत्येक राज्य के विधायक (MLA) के वोट का मूल्य अलग-अलग होता है, जो उस राज्य की जनसंख्या और विधायकों की संख्या पर निर्भर करता है (जैसे उत्तर प्रदेश में 208, सिक्किम में 7)।
अतः गलत कथन II और IV हैं (विकल्प D)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

384📚Indian Polity & ConstitutionOfficial Language & Linguistic Minorities

Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Article 343 of the Indian Constitution designates Hindi in the Devanagari script as the official language of the Union.
II. According to Article 350-B of the Indian Constitution, a special officer for Linguistic Minorities is appointed by the President of India.

Explanation

Both statements are correct:
- Statement I is CORRECT: Article 343(1) of the Indian Constitution states: 'The official language of the Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script.'
- Statement II is CORRECT: Article 350-B(1) (inserted by the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956) provides that 'There shall be a Special Officer for linguistic minorities to be appointed by the President.'

दोनों कथन सही हैं:
- कथन I सही है: भारतीय संविधान का अनुच्छेद 343(1) स्पष्ट करता है कि देवनागरी लिपि में हिंदी संघ की राजभाषा होगी।
- कथन II सही है: 7वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1956 द्वारा जोड़े गए अनुच्छेद 350-B(1) के अनुसार, भाषाई अल्पसंख्यकों के लिए एक विशेष अधिकारी की नियुक्ति भारत के राष्ट्रपति द्वारा की जाती है।
अतः I और II दोनों सही हैं (विकल्प C)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

385📚General Knowledge & Current AffairsUnited Nations Organization

Consider the following statements about the United Nations and select the correct option.
I. All UN Members are part of the General Assembly.
II. States are admitted to membership by the decision of the General Assembly on the recommendations of the Security Council.
III. Members have the voting rights proportional to their financial contributions only.

Explanation

- Statement I is CORRECT: Under Article 9 of the UN Charter, the General Assembly consists of all member states of the United Nations (currently 193 members).
- Statement II is CORRECT: Under Article 4(2) of the UN Charter, admission of any state to UN membership is decided by a two-thirds majority in the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.
- Statement III is INCORRECT: In the UN General Assembly, each member state has exactly one vote regardless of its size, population, wealth, or financial contributions, adhering to the principle of sovereign equality (Article 18(1)).
Hence, statements I and II only are correct.

- कथन I सही है: संयुक्त राष्ट्र चार्टर के अनुच्छेद 9 के तहत महासभा में संयुक्त राष्ट्र के सभी सदस्य देश शामिल होते हैं।
- कथन II सही है: अनुच्छेद 4(2) के अनुसार नए सदस्य राज्यों को सुरक्षा परिषद की सिफारिश पर महासभा के निर्णय द्वारा शामिल किया जाता है।
- कथन III गलत है: संप्रभु समानता के सिद्धांत के तहत महासभा में प्रत्येक सदस्य राष्ट्र का ठीक एक वोट होता है, चाहे उनका वित्तीय योगदान कुछ भी हो।
अतः केवल I और II सही हैं (विकल्प A)।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department

386📚

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles: During the ceremony, ___ eulogy was read to celebrate the life of ___ humble person.

Explanation

"Eulogy" begins with a consonant sound /juː/ (like "university"), so it takes "a". "Humble" begins with a pronounced consonant /h/ sound, so it also takes "a". Hence, "a eulogy ... a humble person".

"Eulogy" का उच्चारण व्यंजन ध्वनि /juː/ से शुरू होता है, इसलिए इसके पहले 'a' आता है। "Humble" का उच्चारण भी व्यंजन /h/ ध्वनि से शुरू होता है, इसलिए इसके पहले भी 'a' आता है। सही उत्तर 'a, a' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

387📚

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles: No one imagined that such ___ heinous crime could occur inside ___ victim's house.

Explanation

"Such a heinous crime" uses the indefinite article "a" after "such" for a singular countable noun. "Inside the victim's house" refers to the specific victim of the crime, requiring "the".

"Such" के बाद एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा के साथ 'a' का प्रयोग होता है ("such a heinous crime")। विशिष्ट पीड़ित के घर का संदर्भ होने के कारण दूसरे रिक्त स्थान में 'the' आएगा। अतः सही उत्तर 'a, the' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

388📚

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate articles: ___ story of this movie revolves around ___ one-eyed man who overcomes many challenges.

Explanation

"The story of this movie" refers to a specific story, taking the definite article "The". "One-eyed" begins with a consonant glide sound /w/, so it takes "a" ("a one-eyed man").

फिल्म की विशिष्ट कहानी होने के कारण 'The' आएगा ("The story")। "One-eyed" का उच्चारण व्यंजन ध्वनि /w/ से होता है, इसलिए 'a' आएगा ("a one-eyed man")। अतः सही उत्तर 'The, a' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

389📚

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: He has a deep aversion ___ hypocrisy.

Explanation

The noun "aversion" takes the preposition "to" (e.g., "aversion to something").

"Aversion" संज्ञा के बाद निश्चित preposition 'to' का प्रयोग होता है ("aversion to hypocrisy")।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

390📚

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: She is adept ___ solving complex mathematical problems.

Explanation

The adjective "adept" is followed by "at" when referring to a skill or action: "adept at doing something".

किसी कौशल में निपुण होने के लिए "adept at" का प्रयोग किया जाता है। अतः सही उत्तर 'at' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

391📚

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: The manager was accused ___ negligence in handling the project.

Explanation

The standard grammatical collocation is "accused of" a crime or fault.

किसी दोष या अपराध के आरोप के लिए "accused of" का प्रयोग किया जाता है। अतः सही उत्तर 'of' है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

392📚

Consider the following statements regarding the legal framework for Forest and Wildlife conservation in India:
I. Under the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA), 1972, the "Chief Wildlife Warden" is the statutory authority empowered to control, manage, and maintain all Protected Areas within a State or Union Territory.
II. The state's obligation to protect the Hangul is derived from the constitutional Article 51A(g).
Choose the correct statements:

Explanation

Statement I is correct: Under Section 33 of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, the Chief Wildlife Warden is the statutory authority to manage protected areas. Statement II is incorrect because Article 51A(g) is a Fundamental Duty of citizens, whereas the State's constitutional obligation to protect wildlife and environment is derived from Article 48A (Directive Principles of State Policy). Thus, only I is correct.

कथन I सही है (WPA, 1972 के तहत मुख्य वन्यजीव वार्डन वैधानिक प्राधिकरण है)। कथन II गलत है क्योंकि अनुच्छेद 51A(g) नागरिकों का मूल कर्तव्य है, जबकि राज्य का वन्यजीवों की रक्षा का दायित्व अनुच्छेद 48A (राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व) से प्राप्त होता है। अतः केवल कथन I सही है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

393📚

Which of the following mechanisms explains the increase in soil erosion after deforestation?
I. Reduction in interception of rainfall by the tree canopy
II. Decrease in the infiltration rate of water into the soil
III. Increase in evapotranspiration
IV. Loss of soil-binding root networks
Select the correct answer:

Explanation

Deforestation removes canopy cover, reducing rainfall interception (I) and exposing soil to raindrops; soil compaction reduces infiltration, creating high runoff (II); and root decay removes the physical binding of soil particles (IV). Statement III is incorrect because deforestation DECREASES evapotranspiration. Thus, I, II and IV only are correct.

वनों की कटाई से वर्षा का अवरोध कम होता है और वर्षा की बूंदें सीधे मिट्टी पर गिरती हैं (I), अंतःस्रवण कम होकर अपवाह बढ़ता है (II), तथा जड़ों का मिट्टी-बांधने वाला जाल नष्ट हो जाता है (IV)। कथन III गलत है क्योंकि पेड़ों के कटने से वाष्पोत्सर्जन घटता है, बढ़ता नहीं। अतः केवल I, II और IV सही हैं।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology & Environment Department (Wildlife Protection)

394📚

Which of the following unit operations removes fine suspended solids and colloidal particles by chemical destabilization and formation of flocs?

Explanation

Coagulation destabilizes negative surface charges on colloidal particles using chemical coagulants (like alum), and flocculation aggregates the destabilized particles into larger settleable flocs.

स्कंदन (Coagulation) रासायनिक योगिकों द्वारा कोलाइडल कणों के आवेश को उदासीन करता है और ऊर्णन (Flocculation) उन्हें बड़े फ्लॉक्स में एकत्रित कर अवसादित करने योग्य बनाता है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

395📚

Which of the following is primarily a physical characteristic of water or sewage?

Explanation

Turbidity is a physical characteristic of water caused by suspended particles scattering light. pH and COD are chemical characteristics, and BOD is a biochemical/biological parameter.

आविलता (Turbidity) निलंबित कणों के कारण प्रकाश के प्रकीर्णन से संबंधित एक भौतिक विशेषता है। pH और COD रासायनिक विशेषताएं हैं, जबकि BOD जैविक/जैव-रासायनिक है।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

396📚

The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 derives its statutory basis from a direction issued after the:

Explanation

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted under Article 253 of the Constitution of India, which empowers the Indian Parliament to enact laws implementing international decisions. The Act was specifically enacted to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in June 1972, gaining urgent impetus following the Bhopal Gas Tragedy in December 1984.

पर्यावरण (संरक्षण) अधिनियम, 1986 भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 253 के तहत अधिनियमित किया गया था, जो संसद को अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समझौतों और सम्मेलनों के निर्णयों को लागू करने के लिए कानून बनाने की शक्ति देता है। यह विशेष रूप से जून 1972 में स्टॉकहोम में आयोजित संयुक्त राष्ट्र मानव पर्यावरण सम्मेलन के निर्णयों को लागू करने के लिए अधिनियमित किया गया था, जिसे दिसंबर 1984 की भोपाल गैस त्रासदी के बाद तत्काल गति मिली।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

397📚

Consider the following statements regarding the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986:
I. It was passed to give effect to the decisions of the Stockholm Conference (1972).
II. Section 5 empowers the Central Government to issue binding directions, including closure of industries.
III. The Act explicitly repeals all other environmental laws (Water Act, Air Act, Forest Act).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Explanation

Statement I is correct (passed under Article 253 to implement Stockholm decisions). Statement II is correct (Section 5 empowers the Central Government to issue binding closure orders and disconnect essential services). Statement III is incorrect because the EPA 1986 does not repeal earlier legislation like the Water Act 1974 or Air Act 1981; it acts as an umbrella act to supplement and harmonize them.

कथन I सही है (स्टॉकहोम 1972 के निर्णयों को लागू करने के लिए पारित)। कथन II सही है (धारा 5 केंद्र सरकार को बाध्यकारी बंदी आदेश और सेवाएं रोकने का अधिकार देती है)। कथन III गलत है क्योंकि EPA 1986 पिछले कानूनों जैसे जल अधिनियम 1974 या वायु अधिनियम 1981 को निरस्त नहीं करता है, बल्कि उनके साथ पूरक समन्वय स्थापित करता है। अतः केवल I और II सही हैं।

2026JKSSBForest, Ecology and Environment Department

398📚General Awareness & National Current Affairsgeneral-science-physics-chemistry-biology

The members of the All India Services serve:

Explanation

Under Article 312 of the Constitution of India, the All India Services (IAS, IPS, and IFoS) are recruited and trained by the Union Government but allocated to state cadres. Officers serve both the Union and State Governments during their careers.

भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 312 के तहत गठित अखिल भारतीय सेवाओं (IAS, IPS, IFoS) के अधिकारी केंद्र सरकार द्वारा भर्ती किए जाते हैं, परंतु वे अपने सेवाकाल में राज्य सरकारों तथा केंद्र सरकार दोनों के अधीन अपनी सेवाएँ देते हैं।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

399📚General Awareness & National Current Affairsgeneral-science-physics-chemistry-biology

The term of office of the Vice-President of India is:

Explanation

According to Article 67 of the Constitution of India, the Vice-President holds office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office.

भारतीय संविधान के अनुच्छेद 67 के अनुसार, भारत का उपराष्ट्रपति अपने पद ग्रहण की तिथि से 5 वर्ष की अवधि तक पद धारण करता है।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

400📚Quantitative Aptitude & Basic Mathematicsmath-percentages-profit-loss

A retailer gets a discount of 40% on the printed price of an article. The retailer sells it at the printed price. His gain percent is:

Explanation

Let the printed price (Marked Price) be ₹100.
- Cost Price for the retailer (

CP

) = ₹(100 - 40) = ₹60
- Selling Price for the retailer (

SP

) = Printed Price = ₹100
Profit =

SP - CP = 100 - 60 = ₹40

Profit percentage:

\text{Gain } \% = \left(\frac{\text{Profit}}{CP}\right) \times 100 = \left(\frac{40}{60}\right) \times 100 = \frac{200}{3}\% = 66\frac{2}{3}\%

माना वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य = ₹100 है।
- फुटकर विक्रेता का क्रय मूल्य (CP) = ₹(100 - 40) = ₹60
- विक्रय मूल्य (SP) = अंकित मूल्य = ₹100
लाभ = 100 - 60 = ₹40
लाभ प्रतिशत:

\text{लाभ } \% = \left(\frac{40}{60}\right) \times 100 = \frac{200}{3}\% = 66\frac{2}{3}\%

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

401📚General English & Comprehensiongeneral-english-vocabulary-idioms

In the following question, find out which part of the sentence has an error:
"They are looking forward (A) / to meet (B) / their parents (C) / No Error (D)"

Explanation

In the phrasal verb 'look forward to', the word 'to' acts as a preposition, which must always be followed by a noun or gerund (V-ing form), never a bare infinitive. Therefore, 'to meet' should be corrected to 'to meeting' in part (B).

भाग (B) में त्रुटि है। Phrasal verb 'look forward to' के बाद हमेशा Gerund (V-ing रूप) का प्रयोग होता है। अतः 'to meet' के स्थान पर 'to meeting' होना चाहिए।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

402📚General English & Comprehensiongeneral-english-vocabulary-idioms

Fill in the blank with the appropriate option:
"You are _______ common sense."

Explanation

The adjective 'devoid' takes the fixed preposition 'of' (devoid of), meaning entirely lacking, empty, or free from something. ('Lacking' when used with 'of' is incorrect; one simply says 'lacking common sense'). Thus, 'devoid of' is correct.

विशेषण 'devoid' के साथ हमेशा Preposition 'of' का प्रयोग होता है (devoid of), जिसका अर्थ होता है 'से रहित / से वंचित होना'। अतः सही उत्तर 'devoid of' है।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

403📚General English & Comprehensiongeneral-english-vocabulary-idioms

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence:
"The teacher congratulated the blind student [for his] success in the exam."

Explanation

The standard preposition that follows the verb congratulate is 'on' (e.g., 'to congratulate someone on an achievement/success'). Hence, 'for his' must be replaced by 'on his'.

अंग्रेजी में क्रिया 'congratulate' के बाद निश्चित Preposition 'on' का प्रयोग होता है (Congratulate someone on something)। अतः 'for his' के स्थान पर 'on his' सही सुधार है।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission

404📚General English & Comprehensiongeneral-english-vocabulary-idioms

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence:
"Due to rain, the builders have [stopped from constructing] the bridge."

Explanation

When the verb stop means to cease an ongoing activity, it takes a direct gerund as its object ('stop doing something'), without the preposition 'from'. Thus, it should be 'stopped constructing'.

क्रिया 'stop' के बाद जब किसी कार्य को रोकने का उल्लेख हो, तो सीधे Gerund का प्रयोग होता है (stop doing something), इसमें 'from' नहीं लगाया जाता। अतः सही सुधार 'stopped constructing' है।

2016SSCStaff Selection Commission